加強(qiáng)就業(yè)和社會(huì)保障。完善就業(yè)促進(jìn)政策，推出創(chuàng)業(yè)引領(lǐng)計(jì)劃，高校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)穩(wěn)中有升。
We worked to strengthen employment and social security. We improved the policies to stimulate employment and initiated the scheme to help college students and graduates to start businesses, ensuring a steady increase in the employment of college graduates.

完善就業(yè)促進(jìn)政策→ improve the policies to stimulate employment 偏正短語(yǔ)的處理。"完善就業(yè)促進(jìn)政策，推出創(chuàng)業(yè)引領(lǐng)計(jì)劃，高校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)穩(wěn)中有升"，三個(gè)小句邏輯關(guān)系理順為手段→目的。

就業(yè)和社會(huì)保障 employment and social security
推出 initiate （著手改革 to initiate a reform ）
計(jì)劃 scheme （money-making scheme / private pension scheme）
高校畢業(yè)生 college graduates
穩(wěn)中有升 a steady increase 依然是動(dòng)詞化為名詞。

Scheme，含義廣泛，萬(wàn)金油類(lèi)型。可以表示：設(shè)計(jì)、策劃、謀劃、
計(jì)劃，規(guī)劃、方案、結(jié)構(gòu)、組織、配合、陰謀、事物的規(guī)律、安排
（pattern, arrangement, layout, design, diagram, blueprint, chart, map, drawing, schematic, disposition, order, organization, schema,plot, plan, ploy, manoeuvre, strategy, stratagem, tactic, machination, subterfuge, trick, device, dodge, wile, ruse, intrigue,）

表示計(jì)劃時(shí)，比 plan 更強(qiáng)調(diào)通盤(pán)籌劃和某些細(xì)節(jié)的精心安排

an irrigation scheme with dams, reservoirs, and channels.
有水壩、水庫(kù)和水渠的灌溉系統(tǒng)
a pension scheme 養(yǎng)老金方案
a scheme of philosophy 哲學(xué)的體系
the present scheme of society 現(xiàn)存的社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)
a scheme of postal rates 郵資一覽表
working scheme 加工方案; 施業(yè)規(guī)劃; 工作計(jì)劃
material allocation scheme 國(guó)家物資分配制度; 物資的統(tǒng)一調(diào)撥

統(tǒng)一城鄉(xiāng)居民基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度，企業(yè)退休人員基本養(yǎng)老金水平又提高10%。新開(kāi)工保障性安居工程 740萬(wàn)套，基本建成511萬(wàn)套。
We unified the basic pension systems for rural residents and non-working urban residents and increased basic pension benefits for enterprise retirees by a further 10%. Construction began on 7.4 million government-subsidized housing units, and 5.11 million such units were basically completed.

統(tǒng)一 unify （統(tǒng)一的稅制 a unified system of taxation）
城鄉(xiāng)居民基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度 the basic pension systems for rural residents and non-working urban residents
基本養(yǎng)老金 basic pension
企業(yè)退休人員 enterprise retirees
保障性安居工程 government-subsidized housing units

全面建立臨時(shí)救助制度，城鄉(xiāng)低保標(biāo)準(zhǔn)分別提高9.97%和14.1%，殘疾軍人、烈屬和老復(fù)員軍人等優(yōu)撫對(duì)象撫恤和生活補(bǔ)助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)提高20%以上。
We established a nationwide temporary-assistance system, increased subsistence allowances by 9.97% for urban residents and 14.1% for rural residents, and increased subsidies and living allowances by more than 20% for disabled military personnel, families of revolutionary martyrs, and old-age veterans.

臨時(shí)救助制度 temporary-assistance system
低保 subsistence allowances
殘疾軍人 disabled military personnel
烈屬 revolutionary martyrs /?mɑ?t?/
老復(fù)員軍人old-age veterans
撫恤 subsidies
生活補(bǔ)助 living allowances

Subsistence is the condition of just having enough food or money to stay alive. 生存
below the subsistence level 在生存線(xiàn)之下

繼續(xù)促進(jìn)教育公平。加強(qiáng)貧困地區(qū)義務(wù)教育薄弱學(xué)校建設(shè)，提高家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生資助水平，國(guó)家助學(xué)貸款資助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大幅上調(diào)。
We continued to make progress in securing fair access to education. We strengthened efforts to improve badly built and poorly operated schools providing compulsory education in poor areas, increased financial aid to students from poor families, and significantly increased the amount available per eligible student for national study assistance loans.

這段第二句，同樣的三個(gè)小句，用的是并列關(guān)系。

教育公平 fair access to education
貧困地區(qū) poor areas
義務(wù)教育薄弱學(xué)校 badly built and poorly operated schools providing compulsory education
國(guó)家助學(xué)貸款 national study assistance loans

Secure : If you secure something that you want or need, you obtain it, often after a lot of effort. 爭(zhēng)取到 ，強(qiáng)調(diào)要通過(guò)努力或競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，或需要付出代價(jià)才能獲得所渴望的東西。
Federal leaders continued their efforts to secure a ceasefire.
聯(lián)邦政府的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人們繼續(xù)他們爭(zhēng)取停火的努力。

中等職業(yè)學(xué)校免學(xué)費(fèi)補(bǔ)助政策擴(kuò)大到三年。
The scheme to subsidize the waiving of tuition fees at schools providing secondary vocational education was extended to cover three years of study.

擴(kuò)大到三年 → was extended to cover three years of study，注意 cover 的增譯，跳出字面，從主要信息和意義著手。

學(xué)費(fèi) tuition fees
中等職業(yè)學(xué)校 schools providing secondary vocational education

scheme 上文已介紹，這里又新上了政策的意思。
waive： 放棄；免除（ 現(xiàn)在分詞形式）
secondary 第二的；中等的；次要的；中級(jí)的 、間接的
Such considerations are secondary to our main aim of improving efficiency. 對(duì)於我們提高效率的主要目的來(lái)說(shuō), 這些想法都是次要的.
secondary education 中等教育
a secondary technical school 中等技術(shù)學(xué)校
secondary modern school [英]中等技術(shù)學(xué)校, 職業(yè)中學(xué)
secondary product 副產(chǎn)品
secondary organ 附屬機(jī)構(gòu)
a secondary cause 次要原因
a secondary stress 【語(yǔ)】次重音
secondary infection 繼發(fā)感染

實(shí)行義務(wù)教育免試就近入學(xué)政策，28 個(gè)省份實(shí)現(xiàn)了農(nóng)民工隨遷子女在流入地參加高考。
Policies have been introduced to ensure that children can receive compulsory education at schools close to where they live without having to take entrance exams, and 28 provincial-level administrative areas began to allow children who live with their migrant worker parents to take the college entrance exam in their cities of residence.

ensure that 老面孔，可以多用了。從這段英漢的對(duì)比可以看出，準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)原義很有難度，尤其需要表義簡(jiǎn)潔。
省份 provincial-level administrative areas （看來(lái)直轄市之類(lèi)的也包括了）
農(nóng)民工隨遷子女 children who live with their migrant worker parents

貧困地區(qū)農(nóng)村學(xué)生上重點(diǎn)高校人數(shù)連續(xù)兩年增長(zhǎng) 10%以上。經(jīng)過(guò)努力，全國(guó)財(cái)政性教育經(jīng)費(fèi)支出占國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值比例超過(guò) 4%。
The number of students from poor rural areas who were newly enrolled in key colleges and universities increased by more than 10% for the second year running. Through hard work, government spending on education has come to reach over 4% of GDP.

貧困地區(qū)農(nóng)村學(xué)生 students from poor rural areas
連續(xù)兩年 for the second year running
財(cái)政性教育經(jīng)費(fèi)支出 government spending on education?