企業(yè)是技術(shù)創(chuàng)新的主體。要落實(shí)和完善企業(yè)研發(fā)費(fèi)用加計(jì)扣除、高新技術(shù)企業(yè)扶持等普惠性政策，鼓勵(lì)企業(yè)增加創(chuàng)新投入。
Enterprises play a leading role in technological innovation. We will implement and improve preferential policies, such as extra tax deductions for research and development costs and policies that support new- and high-technology enterprises, so as to encourage enterprises to increase their spending on innovation.
落實(shí)和完善 implement and improve
普惠性政策 preferential policies
增加······投入 increase spending on
企業(yè)研發(fā)費(fèi)用加計(jì)扣除： extra tax deductions for research
按照稅法規(guī)定在開(kāi)發(fā)新技術(shù)、新產(chǎn)品、新工藝發(fā)生的研究開(kāi)發(fā)費(fèi)用的實(shí)際發(fā)生額基礎(chǔ)上，再加成一定比例，作為計(jì)算應(yīng)納稅所得額時(shí)的扣除數(shù)額的一種稅收優(yōu)惠政策。
各種“主體”的說(shuō)法：
一支以青年為主體的突擊隊(duì)
a shock force composed mainly of young people
以社會(huì)主義公有制為主體
Taking the socialist public ownership as the mainstay
各類市場(chǎng)主體的資質(zhì)
The qualification of all kinds of market entities
實(shí)行投資主體多元化，重要的企業(yè)由國(guó)家控股。
Sources of investment must be diversified. The controlling shares in lifeline enterprises must be held by the state.
支持企業(yè)更多參與重大科技項(xiàng)目實(shí)施、科研平臺(tái)建設(shè)，推進(jìn)企業(yè)主導(dǎo)的產(chǎn)學(xué)研協(xié)同創(chuàng)新。
We will encourage enterprise involvement in implementing major science and technology projects and building research platforms, and promote collaborative innovation by bringing together enterprises, academia, and research institutes, with enterprises playing the leading role.
科技項(xiàng)目 science and technology projects
科研平臺(tái) research platforms
產(chǎn)學(xué)研協(xié)同創(chuàng)新 collaborative innovation by bringing together enterprises, academia, and research institutes
“推進(jìn)企業(yè)主導(dǎo)的產(chǎn)學(xué)研協(xié)同創(chuàng)新”，這里的偏正結(jié)構(gòu)用 with 建了分支
大力發(fā)展眾創(chuàng)空間，增設(shè)國(guó)家自主創(chuàng)新示范區(qū)，辦好國(guó)家高新區(qū)，發(fā)揮集聚創(chuàng)新要素的領(lǐng)頭羊作用。
We will work hard to develop the right environment for creativity, establishing more national innovation demonstration zones, ensuring the smooth functioning of new- and high-technology national development zones, and enabling them to play a leading role in boosting innovation.
眾創(chuàng)空間 the right environment for creativity （這里中文很模糊）
增設(shè) establish more ···
國(guó)家自主創(chuàng)新示范區(qū) national innovation demonstration zones
辦好 ensure the smooth functioning of ···
集聚創(chuàng)新要素 boost innovation （這里有簡(jiǎn)化，并不嚴(yán)格對(duì)應(yīng)）
中小微企業(yè)大有可為，要扶上馬、送一程，使“草根”創(chuàng)新蔚然成風(fēng)、遍地開(kāi)花。
Medium, small, and micro businesses can accomplish great things. We need to give them a leg up to get them going. With these efforts, China’s grassroots innovation can sprout up and grow strong, bringing flowers of creation to every field.
中小微企業(yè) Medium, small, and micro businesses
大有可為 accomplish great things
助人一臂之力 To give a leg up
“草根”創(chuàng)新 grassroots innovation
“蔚然成風(fēng)、遍地開(kāi)花”，類似上篇的“讓創(chuàng)新之樹(shù)枝繁葉茂”，不過(guò)這里感覺(jué)譯文好像也并不是特別驚艷。
提高創(chuàng)新效率重在優(yōu)化科技資源配置。要改革中央財(cái)政科技計(jì)劃管理方式，建立公開(kāi)統(tǒng)一的國(guó)家科技管理平臺(tái)。
To make innovation deliver, effective allocation of science and technology resources is crucial. We need to reform the management of science and technology plans funded by the central government to establish an open and unified national science and technology management platform.
提高創(chuàng)新效率 make innovation deliver，這里應(yīng)該也不是嚴(yán)格對(duì)等。
中央財(cái)政科技計(jì)劃管理 the management of science and technology plans funded by the central government
政府重點(diǎn)支持基礎(chǔ)研究、前沿技術(shù)和重大關(guān)鍵共性技術(shù)研究，鼓勵(lì)原始創(chuàng)新，加快實(shí)施國(guó)家科技重大項(xiàng)目，向社會(huì)全面開(kāi)放重大科研基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和大型科研儀器。
With the focus on supporting basic research, research in cutting-edge technologies, and key technologies that have a broad application, the government will encourage original innovation and move faster to launch major national science and technology projects. We will enable open access to the country’s major science and research infrastructure facilities as well as large-scale or costly research equipment.
基礎(chǔ)研究 basic research
國(guó)家科技重大項(xiàng)目 major national science and technology projects
重大科研基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施 major science and research infrastructure facilities
大型科研儀器 large-scale or costly research equipment
把億萬(wàn)人民的聰明才智調(diào)動(dòng)起來(lái)，就一定能夠迎來(lái)萬(wàn)眾創(chuàng)新的浪潮。
By giving free rein to the talent and ingenuity of the Chinese people, we will welcome in a new high tide of popular innovation.
億萬(wàn)人民 the Chinese people
聰明才智 talent and ingenuity
迎來(lái)······浪潮 welcome in a new high tide of
萬(wàn)眾創(chuàng)新 popular innovation
Give free rein to 類似 give a full play to，前者是放松、放開(kāi)，后者是充分發(fā)揮。
這就是他喜歡的寫作方式，因?yàn)榭梢允顾浞职l(fā)揮想象力。
It was the type of writing which he enjoyed, because it permitted him to give free rein to his imagination. ?
