bystander['ba?st?nd?]?

n. 旁觀者

It's?easy to imagine how second-hand smoke can impact an innocent?bystander?- most of us have probably inhaled the smoke from someone else's tobacco without wanting to.
?
很容易想象，二手煙會影響無辜的旁人--我們中的大多數(shù)人可能非自愿地吸入過二手煙。

But it's not the only habit that can affect others; 'second-hand drinking' is a thing, too.
但是不僅二手煙會影響別人，“二手酒”也會。

It's not quite as literal, as it doesn't mean the alcohol you drink will end up in the bloodstream of another.
?
這不完全是字面上的意思，因為這說的不是你喝的酒會跑到別人的血液中去。

But over the years it's become increasingly clear that second-hand drinking is a significant public health issue.
?
但是這些年來，越來越清楚地發(fā)現(xiàn)，二手酒也是嚴重的公眾健康問題。

Now, a study in the United States has placed its effects on par with second-hand smoking.
目前美國的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，二手酒與二手煙影響相同。

Using US national survey data from 2015, research has found that each year, one in five American adults - which is an estimated 53 million people - experience harm because of someone else's drinking.
?
通過研究2015年美國全國調查數(shù)據(jù)，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)每年有五分之一的美國成年人，約為5300萬人，由于他人飲酒而遭受傷害。

These harms include things like threats or harassment, which was the most commonly cited, as well as physical aggression, drunk driving, and even financial or family problems.
這些傷害包括最常提到的威脅和騷擾，以及身體攻擊、酒駕，甚至是財政和家庭問題。

What's more, the authors found that the burden of second-hand drinking was not experienced equally.
此外，研究的作者還發(fā)現(xiàn)，人們對二手酒負擔的經(jīng)歷也不盡相同。

Young people under the age of 25 were mostly on the receiving end, and in the year previous to the survey, some 21 percent of women and 23 percent of men said they experienced harm because of someone else's alcohol use.
不到25歲的年輕人通常是二手酒的受害者。在這項調查的前一年，約21%的女性和23%的男性稱他們由于他人的酒精攝入而遭受傷害。

For men, this harm was usually from a stranger and resulted in ruined property, vandalism, or physical aggression.
對男性來說，傷害通常來自陌生人，造成財產(chǎn)損失、故意破壞財物、以及身體攻擊。

But for women, the drinker tended to be a family member, causing financial issues or problems in the house.
但是對于女性來說，醉酒者通常是家庭成員，造成經(jīng)濟問題或是家庭問題。

?

今日詞匯

bystander['ba?st?nd?]?

n. 旁觀者

?

從by+stande的構成r，便能猜出這個詞的意思。

?

an innocent bystander 無辜的旁觀者

?

I only wish I could be watching this as an uninvolved bystander.
我只希望能以吃瓜群眾的身份作壁上觀。