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☆☆ ?公開(kāi)課絕密講義?☆☆

1、賓語(yǔ)從句的淵源，賓語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)從句

例句1：I opened the door.

主語(yǔ) 普通動(dòng)詞 賓語(yǔ)

The door 是open 的對(duì)象

賓語(yǔ)：動(dòng)作的對(duì)象

例句2：I told you a story.

You，a story 都是told 的對(duì)象

2個(gè)賓語(yǔ)，雙賓語(yǔ)

例句3：I told you that I would be late on Friday.

that I would be late on Friday. 是told 的對(duì)象

that I would be late on Friday. 是賓語(yǔ)

that I would be late on Friday. 是一句句子

【定義】賓語(yǔ)從句：一句句子作賓語(yǔ)

I think that you are right.

2、賓語(yǔ)從句難點(diǎn)：

1、連接詞的選用

2、語(yǔ)序問(wèn)題

3、時(shí)態(tài)的呼應(yīng)

4、特殊句式

5、形式賓語(yǔ)

2.1 連接詞選擇

what who whom which whose 句子中缺少主要成分

where when how why 句子中缺少次要成分

whether/if 句子中缺少是否含義

that 句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整， 句意清晰用that 在賓語(yǔ)從句中that 可以省略

【選擇要點(diǎn)】自上而下，層層選擇

表達(dá)是否 whether/if 的時(shí)候，優(yōu)先選擇whether

句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整，句意清晰用that， 在賓語(yǔ)從句中that 可以省略。

2.2 陳述句與賓語(yǔ)從句

He is feeling ill.

Mike said that he was feeling ill.

（1）當(dāng)主句是過(guò)去的時(shí)候，從句要用什么時(shí)態(tài)呢？

We must study hard.

All of us know that we must study hard.

（2）That 能否省略呢？

That 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句should=ought to

That 加的是事實(shí)

I think that you should be careful.

I’m afraid that he won’t come on time.

（3）Whether(if)引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句

Whether 加不確定的概念

I wonder whether she loves me or not .

I wonder whether/if daughters are valued as much as sons in the countryside.

I want to know whether he is still living in Beijing.

（4）疑問(wèn)代詞和疑問(wèn)副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句（賓語(yǔ)從句陳述句語(yǔ)序的兩種定義）

1. 公式法：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其他

2. 代入法：把一個(gè)答案代入連接詞位置 形成主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)格式

Who, which, what , whose , whom, when, where , how , why

Do you know who/whom they are waiting for?

I know who is crying over there.

Please tell me which bus I’ll take to go to that hotel.

（5）Which 和what 區(qū)別

Through examination we can learn what we did not know.

You must be responsible for what you have done.

Do you know what film he wants to see?

Do you know when we shall have an English exam?

Can you tell me where your father has gone.

（6）一般疑問(wèn)句與賓語(yǔ)從句

Does she live here?

He asked me whether she lived here or not.

2.3 賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)對(duì)應(yīng)

（1）當(dāng)主句是過(guò)去的時(shí)態(tài)，從句的時(shí)態(tài)要變?yōu)橄鄳?yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)（一般過(guò)去，過(guò)去進(jìn)行，過(guò)去完成，過(guò)去將來(lái)）

Will the movie star come?

I don’t know whether/if the movie star will come.

（2）主句是現(xiàn)在的時(shí)態(tài)（一般現(xiàn)在，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行，現(xiàn)在完成），從句可根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定（可以是任何時(shí)態(tài)）

Did he study English 20 years ago?

My mother asked him whether he had studied English 20 years before.

（3）復(fù)習(xí)Whether +不確定概念

（4）時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)

【時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)最終原則】從句的時(shí)態(tài)依據(jù)主句來(lái)定，主句所處時(shí)間軸確定從句時(shí)態(tài)

2.4 特殊疑問(wèn)句和賓語(yǔ)從句

（1）請(qǐng)嘗試變成賓語(yǔ)從句

What does he like ?

I wonder

I wonder what he likes.

Why did he choose that one ?

She asked me

She asked me why he had chosen that one.

Do you remember how he came ?

They have no idea at all where he has gone.

（2）特殊句式

Doubt? Whether ?that ?

Doubt +whether

Don’t doubt +that

I am sure +that

I doubt whether he can speak English.

I don’t doubt that he can speak English.

Do you doubt that he can speak English?

Not doubt? sure ?

I am not sure whether the news is true.

I am sure that he can do it well.

2.5 It 形式賓語(yǔ)

主語(yǔ)+consider/find/make/regard/think/+ it+賓補(bǔ)+ that +句子/to do sth

We find it necessary that we practise speaking English.

We find that we practise speaking English necessary.

We find it necessary that we practise speaking English.

He made it clear to us that he would leave here soon.

I think it best that you should stay here.

He always considers it our duty that we keep the classroom clean.

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