Day 2丨BEC中級(jí)考前沖刺15天特訓(xùn)
HR: Staff Appraisals
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1. The Objectives of Staff Appraisal
?? Better clarify and define job functions and responsibilities;
?? Increase staff's self-esteem and motivation to perform effectively;
?? Gain new insight into staff and supervisors;
?? Distribute rewards on a fair and credible basis;
?? Clarify organizational goals so they can be more readily accepted.
2. Steps for Proper Performance Evaluation
?? Supervisors should communicate job responsibilities to employees when they are hired. Supervisors should also communicate any changes in employee job responsibilities over time.
?? When supervisors notice that employees have deficiencies, they should inform the employees of those deficiencies. Employees should be given a chance to respond to the criticism. Supervisors may also allow a short period of time for employees to correct the deficiencies. Supervisors should also communicate with employees who were evaluated favorably so that those employees recognize that their efforts are appreciated.
?? Supervisors should be consistent when conducting performance evaluations. That is, two employees who have a similar deficiency should be treated equally in the evaluation process.?
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3. Actions for Supervisors to Take After the Appraisal
?? Employees who receive a very favorable evaluation may deserve some type of recognition or even a promotion. If supervisors do not acknowledge such outstanding performance, employees may either lose their?enthusiasm and reduce their effort or search for a new job.
?? Employees who receive unfavorable evaluations must also be given attention. Supervisors must determine the reasons for poor performance. If the employees were unaware of their own deficiencies, the unfavorable evaluation can pinpoint the deficiencies that employees must correct. In this case, the supervisor may simply need to monitor the employees closely and ensure that the deficiencies are corrected.?
Day2:?HR: Staff Appraisals
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※?直擊考點(diǎn)：
?? 快速閱讀能力；
?? 把握文章結(jié)構(gòu)和大意的能力；
?? 根據(jù)語篇邏輯關(guān)系對(duì)內(nèi)容進(jìn)行銜接的能力；
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1、看標(biāo)題和副標(biāo)題,?e.g.:?
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When two brands are better than one Elena Alvarez takes a look at the effectiveness of marketing partnerships |
通過這篇文章的標(biāo)題和副標(biāo)題我們知道這篇文章講述的主題就是marketing partnerships。
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2、快速瀏覽文章，把握段落結(jié)構(gòu)和大意
采取掃讀的方法，快速瀏覽原文，分清每段的論點(diǎn)和論據(jù)。論點(diǎn)句一般是段落的第一句，后面的內(nèi)容都是圍繞著這中心展開的，都是闡釋擴(kuò)展句。比如，我們看這篇文章的一個(gè)段落：
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The philosophy behind such joint ventures is simple. In economically challenging times, marketing partnerships provide a cost-effective method of increasing brand awareness and sales. As one expert in the field puts it, 'Clever marketing partnerships allow brands to target the right people, cutting down the above-the-line spend.' _________ It is better to simplify the process and give them one focal point. |
段落的首句說，這種聯(lián)合經(jīng)營(yíng)背后的原理非常簡(jiǎn)單。換句話說，這個(gè)段落講的就是企業(yè)為什么要選擇聯(lián)合經(jīng)營(yíng)。后面提到的市場(chǎng)合作對(duì)于提高品牌知名度和銷量來說，是種非常劃算的方式，以及引用人物的直接引語作例證，都是圍繞這個(gè)中心展開的。
3、選擇合適的選項(xiàng)
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?? 所選的句子，必須是和段落中心思想相關(guān)聯(lián)的，比如，前面所舉的例子中，空格處填入的句子一定要能夠說明市場(chǎng)合作的原因；
?? 所選的句子，一定要和上下文意義連貫，這個(gè)上下文，可以是相鄰近的句子，也有可能是前面或后面兩個(gè)句子。意義上的連貫，一般會(huì)通過語言的銜接來實(shí)現(xiàn)，考生可以通過這些語言銜接的手段來判斷答案：
① 詞匯的銜接。選項(xiàng)和其上下文中可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)原詞，同義詞，近義詞的復(fù)現(xiàn)，反義詞同現(xiàn)等；
② 邏輯信號(hào)詞的銜接。如果選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)了邏輯信號(hào)詞，比如therefore，but，because，moreover，for example等邏輯詞，只要識(shí)別句子之間是否存在這樣的邏輯關(guān)系，就可以迅速做出判斷了；
③ 指代關(guān)系的銜接。如果選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)了一些代詞，如this，these，them等，那上下文中必定有所指代的對(duì)象，如果沒有指代對(duì)象，那這個(gè)選項(xiàng)一定排除。
e.g.：
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The philosophy behind such joint ventures is simple. In economically challenging times, marketing partnerships provide a cost-effective method of increasing brand awareness and sales. As one expert in the field puts it, 'Clever marketing partnerships allow brands to target the right people, cutting down the above-the-line spend.' (1)_________ It is better to simplify the process and give them one focal point. Recent research has indicated that marketing partnerships can be up to 27 per cent more productive than single company campaigns.? (2) _________ In particular it is ideal for bringing instant branding to companies that lack immediate consumer appeal. |
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A? In such circumstances, the effects are frequently major and can be long-lasting. B? Some experts therefore predict that this style of marketing will take up an increasingly large proportion of many companies' total marketing budgets. C? Successful marketing partnerships can consequently bring a financial advantage even to small and struggling companies such as these. D? In return, its partner enjoys a broader distribution platform from which to promote its brand. E? With only a finite number of consumers in any target market, there is no need to overwhelm prospects with competing messages from different organisations. F? These are fairly standard items, but clearly the company hopes to transform them by broadening the associations consumers have with the brand. G?? For example, Profit Plus, a large UK financial services company, has recently joined forces with a leading supplier of electricity. |
? ? ?根據(jù)以上兩點(diǎn)判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，可推斷出，第1個(gè)空格的句子一定要能夠說明為什么進(jìn)行市場(chǎng)合作，同時(shí)要
和上下文的target the right people，simplify the process and give them one focal point有關(guān)，要保持意義連貫，空格處的句子一定是講簡(jiǎn)化過程相關(guān)內(nèi)容的。符合要求的選項(xiàng)只有E，“目標(biāo)市場(chǎng)的客戶是有限的，沒有必要讓潛在客戶接受來自不同機(jī)構(gòu)的相互競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的信息”。
第2個(gè)空格的段落第一句話表明這段講述的是市場(chǎng)合作帶來的好處。 B選項(xiàng)中的邏輯信息詞therefore表明前后的因果關(guān)系，而“這種形式的營(yíng)銷將在很多公司的總營(yíng)銷預(yù)算中占據(jù)越來越多的比例”就是市場(chǎng)
合作優(yōu)勢(shì)的表現(xiàn)，因此正確答案是B。
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一起來做個(gè)小練習(xí)吧!
NO.1 Choose the best sentence from the list to fill each of the gaps.
Staff Appraisals?
A director of the advertising agency owned by tycoon Bob Jacoby once grumbled that he wasn't enjoying his work. Jacoby's reply was, 'I don't pay you good money to enjoy yourself. If you enjoy working here, you should be paying me money.' Jacoby's sentiments used to be common. (0) .... G… Happily, things have changed. Most organisations now undertake regular staff appraisals, at which employees have the opportunity to discuss one-to-one with their line manager their ambitions and hopes, their strengths and weaknesses, their achievements and their disasters. But it is worth remembering how new all this is, and why.???
For a start, appraising isn't something many managers do naturally, of their own accord.? They often find appraisals difficult to handle and have to be made to carry them out. Appraisal systems have become widespread partly as a result of employment legislation, but more particularly because companies have learned that such assessments can work to their advantage. (1) …… The company can improve its collective performance by helping employees to improve their individual performance.???????
Managers who use appraisals need to approach them very carefully.? They should bear in mind their own experiences of being appraised when in junior positions, recalling which appraisals were helpful, which were not, and why. In most cases, their own bosses did their homework, checking out the job specification, the C.V. and any?previous reports. (2)……. As a result, a lot of time would have been wasted, debating exactly what had happened and when.
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Being prepared and appreciating what it is like to be on the receiving end are, indeed, the keys to successful appraising.? It is important to begin an appraisal by giving members of staff a chance to express their own views about their performance. (3)…… Any information gained from colleagues is normally given in a positive spirit, since nowadays everyone understands appraisals and appreciates that they are carried out with good intentions.?
The atmosphere in the appraisal should be one of positive and open discussion about how the employee is performing in the company.? (4) …… Some individuals will feel unjustly criticised when their boss makes comments on their performance. Others will respond fiercely to a critical assessment - although if they defend themselves passionately, that is no bad thing!
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Finally, it is important to regard appraisals as part of a continuing process.? (5) …… Instead, they should be followed up with friendly questions from time to time, making it clear to employees that new goals and strategies suggested in them are to be taken seriously and are to be acted upon.?
If these pieces of advice are followed, it is hoped that both the employees and the company as a?whole will benefit from the experience.?
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A. However, managers must take great care in this respect.
B. Only after that should managers put forward their own points, which are likely to include comments collected from others in the organisation.
C. They should not be forgotten as soon as they are over.
D. Like many other aspects of free enterprise, appraisals are an excellent example of underlying self-interest.
E. Sometimes the appraiser goes too far the other way and fails to communicate problem areas and scope for improvement.
F. lf they relied on memory, they probably got things wrong.
G. Employees were paid, and they obeyed; if they didn't like it, they could leave.
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NO.2 ??What is golden handshake?
A. 金色的握手
B. 純真的友誼
C. 解雇費(fèi)，退職金
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趕緊點(diǎn)擊右邊鏈接參加吧：【BEC中級(jí)15天沖刺特訓(xùn)】Day2 閱讀填空-HR: Staff Appraisals