精細閱讀PASSAGE one

本篇來自于Time Magazine（時代周刊）2009年7月2日題為A Brief History of Black Boxes（黑匣子的歷史）文章，原文略有刪減。原文參見：,8599,1908245,

文章首段闡述了飛機上的黑匣子的功能，即記錄飛機的飛行狀況。第二段是對首段的實例說明。第三段按時間順序描述了黑匣子的發(fā)展歷程，請關注三個時間：1958， 1960和1965。 最后一段說明改進后的現(xiàn)代黑匣子既有語音記錄的功能，又能記錄飛行數(shù)據(jù)。

原題：57.What does the author say about the black box?
A) It ensures the normal functioning of an airplane.
B)The idea for its design comes from a comic book.
C) Its ability to ward off disasters is incredible.
D) It is an indispensable device on an airplane.

答案：57 D It is an indispensable device on an airplane
原文中的Their ability to withstand almost any disaster makes them seem like something out of a comic book.可能是誤導學生選擇C的原因。withstand意為“經受，承受”，而C中的ward off 則為“避開，擋住”之意。本句句意為：飛機失事后，黑箱子往往能完好無損，躲過災難，這簡直令人難以置信（就像漫畫書中的東西一樣）

原題：58.What information could be found from the black box on the Yemeni airliner?
A) Data for analyzing the cause of the crash.
B) The total number of passengers on board.
C) The scene of the crash and extent of the damage.
D) Homing signals sent by the pilot before the crash.
答案：58 A Data for analyzing the cause of the crash
原文定位為第二段最后一句：“the discovery marked a huge step toward determining the cause of a tragedy in which 152 passengers were killed.” cause of a tragedy與選項中的cause of the crash一致。

原題：59. Why was the black box redesigned in 1965?
A) New materials become available by that time.
B) Too much space was needed for its installation.
C) The early models didn’t provide the needed data.
D) The early models often got damaged in the crash
答案：59 D The early models often got damaged in the crash
原文定位于第三段“Early models often failed to withstand crashes, however, so in 1965 the device was completely redesigned....” failed to withstand crashes與選項中的got damaged in the crash同義。

原題：60. Why did the Federal Aviation Authority require the black boxes be painted orange or yellow?
A) To distinguish them from the color of the plane.
B) To caution people to handle them with care.
C) To make them easily identifiable.
D)To conform to international standards.
答案：　60 C To make them easily identifiable
原文定位于第三段最后一句…be painted orange or yellow to aid visibility. to aid visibility意為“有助于提高能見度”，與easily identifiable同義。

原題：61.What do we know about the black boxes from Air France Flight 447?
A)There is still a good chance of their being recovered.
B)There is an urgent need for them to be restructured.
C)They have stopped sending homing signals.
D)They were destroyed somewhere near Brazil.
答案：　61 A There is still a good chance of their being recovered
原文定位于最后一段…but statistics say they’re still likely to turn up. Turn up 與recovered 同義，“被找到”。be restructured 意為“被重建”。

精細閱讀PASSAGE two

本篇來自于Time Magazine（時代周刊）2009年7月8日題為Yes, I Suck: Self-Help Through Negative Thinking（是的，我糟透了：消極思維益于自助）文章，原文略有刪減。原文參見：,8599,1909019,

文章題目中的I suck可能會令考生困惑，意為“很爛”、“很差”、“糟透了”。Suck 一詞在英語口語中使用頻率很高，在英語電影中經常聽到。文章首段第一句提出自助的理論基礎是變消極思維為積極思維，但之后的連續(xù)兩個問句讓讀者對此論述提出了質疑。第二段闡述了加拿大科學家的研究結果，即積極思維的效果適得其反。3-5段分別用兩個實驗論證了這一研究結果的正確性：90年代的作文案例（第三段）和68名學生的自我肯定案例（第三、四段）。作者在最后一段推薦了一種新的心理療法：靜思法。

原題：62.What do we learn from the first paragraph about the self-help industry?
A)It is a highly profitable industry.
B)It is based on the concept of positive thinking.
C)It was established by Norman Vincent Peale.
D)It has yielded positive results.
答案：62. B It is based on the concept of positive thinking
原文定位于首段第一句“The $ 11 billion self-help industry is built on the idea that you should turn negative thoughts like “I never do anything right”into positive ones like “I can succeed.”屬于細節(jié)理解題。選項中的based on與文中的built on同義。

原題：63.What is the finding of the Canadian researchers?
A)Encouraging positive thinking may do more harm than good.
B)There can be no simple therapy for psychological problems.
C)Unhappy people cannot think positively.
D)The power of positive thinking is limited.
答案：63. A Encouraging positive thinking may do more harm than good
原文定位為第二段：“Researchers in Canada just published a study in the journal Psychological Science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have opposite effect;”之后，作者在下一段又再次強調了這一觀點“older research showing that when people get feedback which they believe is overly positive, they actually feel worse , not better.” cause of a tragedy與選項中的cause of the crash一致。抓住關鍵詞“opposite effect；feel worse , not better”，答案即可一目了然。

原題：64.What does the author mean by“…you’re just underlining his faults”（Line4,Para.3）？
A)You are not taking his mistakes seriously enough.
B)You are pointing out the errors he has committed.
C)You are emphasizing the fact that he is not intelligent.
D)You are trying to make him feel better about his faults.
答案：64. C You are emphasizing the fact that he is not intelligent
與答案較為相近的是選項B。本題關鍵是正確理解文章中兩個單詞“underline（加強，強調）”與“dim（遲鈍的，愚笨的）”。選項B中的point out是“指出”之意，與文章中的underlining意思不符。

原題：65.What do we learn from the experiment of Wood,Lee and Perunovic?
A)It is important for people to continually boost their self-esteem.
B)Self-affirmation can bring a positive change to one’s mood.
C)Forcing a person to think positive thoughts may lower their self-esteem.
D)People with low self-esteem seldom write down their true feelings.
答案：　65. B Forcing a person to think positive thoughts may lower their self-esteem
原文定位于第五段Those with low self-esteem didn’t feel better after the forced self-affirmation. In fact, their moods turned significantly darker than those of members of the control group, who weren’t urged to think positive thoughts。抓住關鍵詞“didn’t feel better；darker”。

原題：66.What do we learn from the last paragraph?
A) The effects of positive thinking vary from person to person.
B) Meditation may prove to be a good form of psychotherapy.
C) Different people tend to have different ways of thinking.
D) People can avoid making mistakes through meditation.
答案：66. B Meditation may prove to be a good form of psychotherapy　
原文定位于最后一段。作者在最后一段提出了新的心理療法，建議人們接受消極思維，而不要一味用積極思維去反抗。In contrast這一短語的應用，說明meditation是積極思維的對立面，即消極思維的一種方式。只有把自己的不足放到更廣泛、更現(xiàn)實的層面去思考，才會大事化小，小事化了。選項D中的內容文中并未提及。