雅思語(yǔ)法從句整理
語(yǔ)法是考試寫(xiě)作文，做閱讀題的好技巧，備考雅思閱讀寫(xiě)作的過(guò)程中，需要掌握的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)很多，下面是小編給大家分享的相關(guān)內(nèi)容，大家可以作為參考。
雅思語(yǔ)法從句一
在雅思寫(xiě)作中，一般的簡(jiǎn)單句會(huì)用一個(gè)形容詞做定語(yǔ)來(lái)修飾一個(gè)名詞，但當(dāng)定語(yǔ)成分太過(guò)復(fù)雜而不能只用單個(gè)形容詞擔(dān)當(dāng)時(shí)，就要借助于一個(gè)句子來(lái)做定語(yǔ)修飾名詞。
像這樣由句子擔(dān)當(dāng)定語(yǔ)，對(duì)被修飾的先行詞進(jìn)行有限定制約，使該詞的含義更具體，更明確，我們稱(chēng)之為限定性定語(yǔ)從句，下面我們結(jié)合例句進(jìn)行對(duì)比學(xué)習(xí)：
a)I don’t like lazy people(形容詞做定語(yǔ)放在名詞前面).
b)I don’t like the people who never keep their words. 我不喜歡從不遵守諾言的人.
在限定性定語(yǔ)從句中，有兩個(gè)比較重要的概念。以b句為例,獨(dú)立主句是：I don’t like the people;定語(yǔ)從句為“who neverkeep their words”，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞，做定語(yǔ)修飾名詞“the people”， 且從句和主句是由who來(lái)連接的。在定語(yǔ)從句中，“thepeople”被稱(chēng)為先行詞，指被定語(yǔ)從句所修飾或限制的對(duì)象?！皐ho”被稱(chēng)為關(guān)系詞即重復(fù)指代先行詞，并在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)一定成分的連詞。
從上面的解析不難看出，關(guān)系詞在限定性定語(yǔ)從句中很重要，是連接主句和從句的關(guān)鍵。關(guān)系詞可以分為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞，下面我們一起來(lái)進(jìn)行具體的學(xué)習(xí)。
I.關(guān)系代詞主要有：who, whom, whose, which, that.
A. 當(dāng)先行詞為人時(shí)，可用關(guān)系代詞who,whom,whose 和that.
a. 若關(guān)系代詞在從句中做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，選用 who 或that.
eg：The woman is a responsible teacher who /that is loved by herstudents.
= The woman is a responsible teacher and she is loved by her students.
b. 若關(guān)系代詞在從句中做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，選用 whom(***),who 或that.
eg: The girl whom we are talking about is a good friend of us.
c. 若關(guān)系代詞在從句中做定語(yǔ),表示人的所有關(guān)系時(shí)，選用 whose 或of whom.
Eg:I know a friend whose sister is a famous dancer.
= I know a friend. His sister is a famous dancer. (whose 代替了his,指人friend)
B.當(dāng)先行詞為物時(shí)，可用關(guān)系代詞which, that 或whose.
a. 若關(guān)系代詞在從句中做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，選用 which 或that.
Eg:These are the trees which / that are destroyed in the fire(做主語(yǔ)).
b. 若關(guān)系代詞在從句中做定語(yǔ),表示物的所有關(guān)系時(shí)，選用 whose 或of which.
Eg:The children saw an elephant whose legs were hurt badly.
綜上所述，當(dāng)先行詞為人和物時(shí)，若在從句中做主語(yǔ)或是賓語(yǔ)，這時(shí)可用選用關(guān)系代詞that，做定語(yǔ)時(shí)用whose.
II. 關(guān)系副詞主要有：where,when 和why.
A. 當(dāng)先行詞為表示地點(diǎn)的名詞時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句由副詞where引導(dǎo).
In the sixth century BC, ancient Greece was a country where there were alot of new ideas.
B. 當(dāng)先行詞為表示時(shí)間的名詞時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句由副詞when引導(dǎo).
Plato lived at a time when philosophy was very fashionable.
C. 當(dāng)先行詞為表示原因的名詞時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句由副詞why引導(dǎo).
Can you tell me the reason why you lied to me?
需要注意的是，限制性定語(yǔ)從句不能被省略，否則句意就不完整，例如I met someone who said he knows you.
雅思語(yǔ)法從句二
表語(yǔ)從句是雅思寫(xiě)作中非常常用的另一種從句，可構(gòu)成各種句型。
1 The first thing to be mentioned is that
2 Another point to be considere d is that
3 The last thing to be shown is that
4 The first advantage of (doing) something is that
5 Another advantage of (doing) something is that
6 The third advantage of (doing) something is that
7 The first disadvantage of (doing) something is that
8 Another disadvantage of (doing) something is that
9 The third disadvantage of (doing) something is that
10 The first possible reason is that
11 Another cause is that
12 The third element is that
13 The first measure to be taken is that
14 Another solution is that
15 The third step is that
16 That is why
17 Why…is that…
18 A hot topic discussed by people is whether
19 A is to B what C is to D
20 A is to B as C is to D
21 My view is that…
雅思語(yǔ)法從句三
需要備好各種從句：其中5.5分以上必備三大經(jīng)典從句：定語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句)
1. 定語(yǔ)從句：
多用who(指人)、which(指物)、that(即可指人也可以指物)，還有一個(gè)經(jīng)典的容易被忽視的定語(yǔ)從句在大作文中可以表達(dá)事件發(fā)生的原因：即由why引導(dǎo)的固定句型...the reason(s) why...
E.g:There may be some reasons why entertainment stars earn high salaries but overall Iagree that they are overpaid.
2. 賓語(yǔ)從句：
文章中提出觀點(diǎn)的好句型，無(wú)論是你自己的觀點(diǎn)還是文章中原來(lái)給出的觀點(diǎn)都可以。建議多用that引導(dǎo)的，不容易出錯(cuò)，如：some people think/agree/suggest/insist that...
E.g:A growing number of parents believe that being overly dependent on social networkingwebsites only makes their children more isolated in the real world.
3.狀語(yǔ)從句：
狀語(yǔ)的種類(lèi)特別多，所以狀語(yǔ)從句是你最能夠表現(xiàn)句型多樣化的機(jī)會(huì)。牢記以下幾種狀從的分類(lèi)，句子的豐富性自然就出來(lái)了：
A.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句(引導(dǎo)詞：when/as/while/since/the moment...)
E.g:The related sectors should take effective measures the moment the problem appeared.
B.地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句(引導(dǎo)詞：where/wherever)
E.g:Generally，air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.
C.原因狀語(yǔ)從句(引導(dǎo)詞：because/since/as/seeing that...)
E.g:As this policy would also affect the cost of public transport, it would be very unpopularwith everyone who needs to travel on the roads.
D.條件狀語(yǔ)從句(引導(dǎo)詞：if/as long as/providing that/provided that...)
E.g:The government will increase its support for public education, provided that such funds canbe put to good use.
E.讓步狀語(yǔ)從句(就是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，引導(dǎo)詞：though/although/while/no matterwho/where/which/how...)
E.g:*While (表示二者對(duì)比)some people link happiness to wealth and material success, othersthink it lies in emotions and loving personal relationships. *Even though it is unlikely that all workers do feel happy in their work, I think it is notunrealistic to promote more job satisfaction in any job.
雅思語(yǔ)法從句四
形式主語(yǔ)從句是雅思寫(xiě)作中非常常用的一種句型。我們先來(lái)看一下它是如何構(gòu)成的。(That + 一個(gè)完整的句子可做主語(yǔ))。比如說(shuō)：(That education is important) is clear.這就是主語(yǔ)從句的基本形式。但如果句子要是這樣，主語(yǔ)過(guò)長(zhǎng)。所以，我們習(xí)慣于用it來(lái)代替原來(lái)的主語(yǔ)。而把原來(lái)的主語(yǔ)放在句子的最后。這句話(huà)可改為：It is clear that education is important.這就叫做形式主語(yǔ)從句。
以下的形式主語(yǔ)從句句型在雅思寫(xiě)作中都常常用到。希望大家能認(rèn)真掌握，靈活使用。
1 It is often the case that
2 It’s a fact that
3 It seems that
4 It’s said that
5 It’s reported that
6 It’s believed that
7 It’s universally accepted that
8 It’s announced that
9 It’s estimated that
10 It must be admitted that
11 It’s obvious that
12 It must be stressed out that
13 It is widely-accepted that
14 It cannot be denied that
15 It can be foreseen that
16 It’s as clear as crystal that
17 It goes without saying that
18 It is acknowledged that
19 It is well-known that
20 It is estimated that
以上就是雅思必備的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，希望可以給大家學(xué)習(xí)帶來(lái)幫助。
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