It has long been convention that an American heads the World Bank, a European runs the IMF and a Japanese sits atop the Asian Development Bank in Manila.
美國人領(lǐng)導(dǎo)世界銀行(World Bank)，歐洲人領(lǐng)導(dǎo)國際貨幣基金組織(IMF)，日本人領(lǐng)導(dǎo)亞洲開發(fā)銀行（ADB，總部位于馬尼拉），這早已形成一種慣例。

But now that Haruhiko Kuroda will leave his position at the top of the Asian Development Bank to become governor of the Bank of Japan, western central bankers and academics are braced for the Chinese to launch efforts to install one of their own as Mr Kuroda’s successor.
但如今，在亞洲開發(fā)銀行行長黑田東彥(Haruhiko Kuroda)即將離任、以出任日本央行(BOJ)行長之際，西方央行官員以及學(xué)者們認(rèn)為，中國可能會展開活動，尋求讓一名中國人接替黑田東彥之職。

?“The Chinese have long wanted control of the ADB,” said Eswar Prasad, a senior professor at Cornell University and a senior fellow at the Brookings Institution.
康奈爾大學(xué)(Cornell University)資深教授、布魯金斯學(xué)會(Brookings Institution)高級研究員埃斯瓦爾?普拉薩德(Eswar Prasad)說：“中國人對亞行掌門人的位置期望已久。”

Taro Aso, Japanese finance minister, made clear this week that Tokyo planned to fight any attempt by any other country to take the top job at the Manila-based ADB. “Japan will have to carry out election activity in order to secure the position to succeed ADB president Kuroda,” he told reporters. Mr Aso also said that Takehiko Nakao, Japan’s top currency diplomat, was among the candidates for ADB chief.
日本財務(wù)大臣麻生太郎(Taro Aso)本周明確表示，日本政府將力爭不讓亞行行長之位落入別國之手。麻生向記者們表示：“日本將不得不展開競選活動，以確保亞行現(xiàn)行長黑田東彥的繼任者仍然是日本人?！甭樯€說，日本負(fù)責(zé)匯率事務(wù)的最高外交官中尾武彥(Takehiko Nakao)是競選亞行行長的候選人之一。

Any such Chinese push would be likely to add to tensions between the two countries, already locked in a dispute over control of the Senkaku Islands in the East China Sea. It would also reinforce growing regional anxieties about China’s behaviour, with Beijing taking an increasingly prominent role in multilateral institutions in recent years.
如果中國人競選亞行行長，可能進(jìn)一步加劇中日之間的緊張關(guān)系。東海尖閣諸島(Senkaku islands，中國稱為“釣魚島及其附屬島嶼”)控制權(quán)爭端，已導(dǎo)致中日關(guān)系陷入僵局。與此同時，此舉也可能加劇亞洲地區(qū)對中國行為的擔(dān)憂，近年來，北京方面在一些多邊機(jī)構(gòu)中表現(xiàn)越來越活躍。

The International Finance Corporation, the private sector financing arm of the World Bank, recently recruited Cai Jinyong as its chief executive in an indication of Beijing’s growing profile.
世界銀行旗下的私營部門融資機(jī)構(gòu)——國際金融公司(IFC)最近聘請蔡金勇?lián)问紫瘓?zhí)行官，這反映出中國的影響力日益顯著。

One likely Chinese candidate to head the ADB is Jin Liqun, at present the chairman of the supervisory board of China’s sovereign wealth fund and a vice-president at the ADB and the World Bank earlier in his career. Zhu Min, now a deputy to Christine Lagarde at the IMF and extremely well regarded, is also seen as qualified although he is likely to prefer to remain in Washington.
中國主權(quán)財富基金的監(jiān)事長金立群是可能競選亞行行長的中國人之一。他曾先后擔(dān)任世行中國副執(zhí)行董事和亞行副行長。聲望極高的國際貨幣基金組織副總裁朱民，也被視為符合亞行行長任職條件的人選，但他可能傾向于繼續(xù)擔(dān)任原職。

While China has long used its teeming foreign reserves and its own policy banks, particularly the China Development Bank, to help its neighbours build their energy and transport infrastructure, there has been a backlash to this approach in recent months.
中國長期以來一直利用其巨大的外匯儲備，通過本國的政策銀行（特別是中國國家開發(fā)銀行(CDB)），幫助鄰國進(jìn)行能源和交通基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，但近月來，這種做法遭到了抨擊。

“Nobody in the region believes in the peaceful rise of China anymore,” said the head of one local bank in Hong Kong.
香港一家本地銀行的負(fù)責(zé)人表示：“（亞洲地區(qū)）沒人再相信中國會和平崛起了?！?/div>

Beijing’s increase in military spending is part of the reason for those concerns. But so is the feeling that China’s economic relations with its neighbours are often colonial in nature, sucking in raw materials at cheap prices and then selling finished goods in return with little local investment.
中國增加軍事開支是其引起外界擔(dān)憂的原因之一。另一個原因是，人們覺得，中國與鄰國的經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系在本質(zhì)上往往帶有殖民色彩——進(jìn)口廉價原材料，出口制成品，很少在當(dāng)?shù)刂苯油顿Y。

Some bankers worry that if China took the top job at the ADB, it would use its position to pursue its political agenda. In the past, China has lobbied against loans to places where it has territorial claims, such as in the province of Arunachal Pradesh in northeast India, which it claims does not belong to India at all.
一些銀行家擔(dān)心，如果亞行掌門人之位落入中國之手，中國會利用這個職位推進(jìn)自己的政治議程。在過去，中國曾對亞行進(jìn)行游說，希望該行不要向與中國有領(lǐng)土爭端的地區(qū)發(fā)放貸款，比如印度東北部的阿魯納恰爾邦，中國聲稱該地區(qū)并不屬于印度。

Staffers at the ADB respond that the Japanese used the bank to further their own agenda at a time when many Asians with memories of the second world war were uncomfortable dealing with Japan directly.
對此亞行工作人員回應(yīng)稱，在許多亞洲人對二戰(zhàn)記憶猶新、不愿意直接與日本打交道的時候，日本也曾利用亞行推進(jìn)自己的議程。

The Japanese finance ministry has regarded the post as its preserve, staffing it with senior officials from its international side who have retired, leading to complaints in many cases that the occupant was too bureaucratic. At the same time, many potential candidates for the job have been reluctant to move to Manila, regarding it as a dangerous backwater.
日本財務(wù)省視亞行行長一職為自己的所有物，一貫從該省主管對外事務(wù)的退休高官中任命亞行行長，因此經(jīng)常有批評稱，亞行行長一職過于官僚化。另一方面，許多有希望出任此職的人卻不愿遷往馬尼拉，覺得那是個危險、閉塞的地方。

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