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過去將來完成時(shí)和將來完成時(shí)從字面的意思上看，它們的區(qū)別就在于時(shí)間，過去將來完成時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是過去的時(shí)間，而將來完成時(shí)

過去將來完成時(shí)和一般完成時(shí)，這兩種時(shí)態(tài)在英語語法上有一定的相似之處，它們都是表示已經(jīng)完成的事情，但是，過去將來完成時(shí)去看將來的已經(jīng)完成的事情和狀態(tài)。例如： 1.He told them he would have finished it by 8 o'clock. 他告訴他們他會(huì)在8點(diǎn)以前干完。 2.I guessed that Helen would have told her something. 我猜海倫會(huì)告訴她一些情況的。 二、一般完成時(shí)是我們經(jīng)常用到的一種時(shí)態(tài)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)為過去發(fā)生的，強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是影響；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常與模糊的時(shí)間狀語連用，或無時(shí)間狀語。例如： 1.I have finished my homework . 我已經(jīng)完成了我的功課。 2.My father has come from Japan . 我的父親已經(jīng)從日本回來。 3.I have lived here since 1999. 自從1999年我就一直住在這里。 4.She has lived here for ten years . 她在這里居住已經(jīng)有十年了。 5.My uncle has been to beijing . 我的叔叔去過北京。 6.When I got to the airport , the plane had taken off . 當(dāng)我到達(dá)機(jī)場的時(shí)候，飛機(jī)已經(jīng)起飛了。 7.How long have you been here? 你來這里多長時(shí)間了？ 8.I've been here for an hour. 我來這里已經(jīng)一個(gè)小時(shí)了。

月底就不用我的照相機(jī)了。 5.I guessed that Mother would have made some sandwiches by the time we got back. 我猜我們回來時(shí)媽媽已經(jīng)做好一些三明治了。 6. I thought he would have told you something important. 我想他會(huì)已告訴你重要的事情。 7. He knew by the time she would have left him forever. 他知道到那時(shí)她會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)的離開他。 8. The day was not so far when we would have finished this project. 我們完成這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的日子不遠(yuǎn)了。 9. He said he would have done with my camera by the end of next month. 他說到下過去將來完成時(shí)由“would+have+過去分詞”構(gòu)成。 過去將來完成時(shí)的基本用法就是：表示從過去某一時(shí)間來看將來某時(shí)會(huì)已經(jīng)完成月底就不用我的照相機(jī)了。 10. I guessed that Mother would have made delicious dinner by the time we got back. 我猜我們回來時(shí)媽媽已經(jīng)做好了美味的晚餐。

一、用合適的詞語和時(shí)態(tài)完成

行時(shí)也可用在某些從句中，這時(shí)從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句的動(dòng)作之前，從而對(duì)整個(gè)句子產(chǎn)生影響，例如： 1. I heard you’d been calling me. 我聽說你一直在給我打電話。 2. That was just the result I had been expecting. 這正是我一直期待的結(jié)果。 3. Don’t worry about it，that was exactly what we had been doing. 不要擔(dān)心，那正是我們一直做的事。 4. I wanted to know what had been going on. 我想知道一直在發(fā)生什么事。 5. I wanted to know what she had been thinking about. 我想知道她在想什么。 6. They said that they had been fighting with their enemy all these years. 他們說這些年來他們一直在和他們的敵人做斗爭。 7. Tom said that he had been fighting with cancer all these years. 湯姆說他這些年來一直和癌癥做斗爭。 8. Her mother said that she had been playing game all day. 她的媽媽說，她玩了一天的游戲。 9. I had been reading your book. 我一直在看你寫的書。 10. The rain had been pouring all night. 傾盆大雨下了一整夜。 11. The point is that we had been traveling in many countries. 最關(guān)鍵的是，我們一直在許多國家旅游。 特別注意的是：凡不能用于進(jìn)過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞均不存在過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，但動(dòng)詞want (有時(shí)還有wish) 除外。如： The boy was delighted with his new knife. He had been wanting one for a long time. 男孩對(duì)新小刀很高興。他早就想要一把了。

完了。 4. There are a lot of things I should have liked to ask you. 有好些事我本想問你的。 5. He knew by the time he arrived she would have finished her lunch. 他知道他到時(shí)她過去將來完成時(shí)的定義是：在過去的一段時(shí)間看將來某段時(shí)間已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作或者一種狀態(tài)，它的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是由“would+have+過去分詞”構(gòu)成已經(jīng)吃完午餐了。 6. Well, well! Who would have guessed it! 真是的! 這誰會(huì)想到呀! 7. I thought he would have paid this bill for you. 我想他已經(jīng)為你付賬單了。 8. I thought you would have called the police by now. 我想你現(xiàn)在一定報(bào)警了。 9. There are a lot of things I should have done before 8 o’clock. 有好些事我本應(yīng)該在八點(diǎn)之前完成的。

到她時(shí)，她在那家公司已工作十年了。 2.I had not been waiting long when a taxi drew up. 我沒等多久就來了一輛出租車。 3.She had been looking at the parcel for some time before she realized that it was for her mother. 這包裹她看了好一會(huì)兒才明白這是寄給她媽的。 4.Until/Up till then she had been living with her daughter. 到那時(shí)為止她一直和她女兒一起住。 5.When I first met her, she had been writing books for two years. 我第一次見到她時(shí)，她過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的過去已經(jīng)寫書兩年了。 6.Until/Up till then she had been speaking with her boss. 到那時(shí)為止她一直和她老板說話。 7. I had not been staying long when my mom came in. 我沒呆多久，我媽媽就進(jìn)來了。 8. My sister had not been waiting long when a bus drew up. 我妹妹沒等多久就來了一輛公交車。 9. Until/Up till then he had been plying basketball with his friends. 到那時(shí)為止他一直和他的朋友打籃球。 10. When I first came in this house, she had been staying for three years. 我第一次進(jìn)來這個(gè)房子時(shí)，她已經(jīng)住了三年了。 ?

一、英語過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：主語+had+been +doing something，例如： 1.? I?had?only?been?reading?a?few?minutes?when?he came in. 我剛看了幾分鐘，他就來了。 2. He was out of breath. He had been running. 他氣喘吁吁，免費(fèi)英語學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)站，他一直在跑著。 3.She?had?only?been?reviewing?her?lessons?for?a?short?while?when?her little?sister?interrupted?her.? 她僅僅預(yù)習(xí)

年來中國之前已訪問過中國兩次了。 　　2)過去完成時(shí)動(dòng)詞可以表示過去某一時(shí)刻之前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或呈現(xiàn)的狀態(tài)，這一動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到過去這一時(shí)刻或?qū)⒗^續(xù)下去。例如： 　　By the middle of last month, I had lived in Beijing for five years. 到上月中旬，我已在北京住了五年了。 　　By six o’clock they had worked for eight hours. 到六點(diǎn)為止，他們已工作八小時(shí)了。 　　When I came to Shanghai, he had been there for a long time. 我到上海時(shí)，他在那里很長時(shí)間了。 　　3)過去完成時(shí)動(dòng)詞常用于間接引語和虛擬語氣，我們以后會(huì)詳細(xì)講述。 　　4)此外，過去完成時(shí)常用于 no sooner…than… 和 hardly(scarcely) …when… 這兩個(gè)句型，前面部分用過去完成時(shí)，后面部分用一般過去時(shí)。例如： 　　No sooner had he stolen the purse than he was caught red-handed. = He had no sooner stolen the purse than he was caught red-handed. 他剛偷到錢包就被當(dāng)場抓獲。 　　Saddam had hardly realized what was happening when he was captured. = Hardly had Saddam realized what was happening when he was captured. 薩達(dá)姆還沒有意識(shí)到在發(fā)生什么事情就被抓獲了。 　　如果你想更深入的了解學(xué)習(xí)語法知識(shí)，還需要刻苦鉆研，如果遇到不會(huì)的地方要及時(shí)的和老師進(jìn)行溝通，想辦法弄懂弄通。當(dāng)然你也可以來滬江網(wǎng)校選擇適合自己的考研英語培訓(xùn)課程，這里的考研課程直擊考點(diǎn)，名師授課，幫助大家解決難題。

過去將來完成時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)，可以看出，過去將來完成時(shí)有3種時(shí)態(tài)，第一個(gè)是表過去的動(dòng)作，第二個(gè)表將來，第三個(gè)表完成，而過去將來有可表示為would/should do sth，完成時(shí)表示為have done，因此過去將來完成時(shí)就可表示為：would/should have done.例如： He told me he would have finished it by the end of the next month. 他告訴我他下個(gè)月結(jié)束時(shí)他將完成它。 二、過去將來完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：should have been done , would have been done.例如： 1.I believed by the end of that year an advanced version of that software would have been developed, but I was wrong. 我堅(jiān)信到那年年底為止，那個(gè)軟件的新版本將被開發(fā)出來。但是我錯(cuò)了。 2.He said that the garden shed would have been being cleaned for two hours by nine o’clock. 他說到九點(diǎn)為止花園的小棚子將已經(jīng)被打掃了兩個(gè)小時(shí)了。 3.It would have been completed before 8 o'clock. 它將會(huì)在八點(diǎn)之前被完成。 4.He said?his?work would have been finished by?him?the next day. 他說明天他將會(huì)完成他的工作。