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亮點(diǎn)。他讓我看一幅照片，它描述了一大群恒星，上

要有某種溫度確實(shí)很高的東西--比溫度最高的恒星中央的溫度還要高--來(lái)鍛造碳、鐵和其他元素；要是沒(méi)有這些元素，我們就令人苦惱地不會(huì)存在。超新星提供了解釋。這個(gè)解釋是一位幾乎像弗里茨?茲威基一樣行為古怪的英國(guó)宇宙學(xué)家作出的。 他是約克郡人，名叫弗雷德?霍伊爾。霍伊爾死于2001年，在《自然》雜志的悼文里被描寫(xiě)成一位"宇宙學(xué)家和好辯論的人"，二者他都受之無(wú)愧?！蹲匀弧冯s志的悼文說(shuō)，他"在一生的大部分時(shí)間里都卷入了爭(zhēng)論"，并"使自己名聲掃地"。比如，他聲稱(chēng)，而且是毫無(wú)根據(jù)地聲稱(chēng)，倫敦自然史博物館里珍藏的那件始祖鳥(niǎo)化石是假的，與皮爾當(dāng)人頭蓋骨的騙局如出一轍，這使得博物館的古生物學(xué)家們非常惱火。他們不得不花了幾天工夫來(lái)回答記者們從世界各地打來(lái)的電話(huà)。他還認(rèn)為，地球不僅從空間接受了生命的種子，而且接受了它的許多疾病，比如感冒和腺鼠疫。他有一次還提出，人類(lèi)在進(jìn)化過(guò)程中有了突出的鼻子和朝下的鼻孔，就是為了阻止宇宙病原菌掉進(jìn)去。 這篇材料你能聽(tīng)出多少？點(diǎn)擊這里做聽(tīng)寫(xiě)，提高外語(yǔ)水平>>

這是一部有關(guān)現(xiàn)代科學(xué)發(fā)展史的既通俗易懂又引人入勝的書(shū)，作者用清晰明了、幽默風(fēng)趣的筆法，將宇宙大爆炸到人類(lèi)文明發(fā)展進(jìn)程中所發(fā)生的繁多妙趣橫生的故事一一收入筆下。驚奇和感嘆組成了本書(shū)，歷歷在目的天下萬(wàn)物組成了本書(shū)，益于人們了解大千世界的無(wú)窮奧妙，掌握萬(wàn)事萬(wàn)物的發(fā)展脈絡(luò)。 收獲英語(yǔ) 收獲一本好書(shū)~！ 書(shū)本的朗讀語(yǔ)音很charming的磁性英音~(yú)~~大家可以好好學(xué)著模仿哦~~~?。?因?yàn)樵鵀槊绹?guó)人所寫(xiě),單詞采用美式拼法,不抄全文,然后聽(tīng)寫(xiě)單詞或詞組(用[-No-]表示)以及句子(用[---No---]表示)。請(qǐng)邊聽(tīng)寫(xiě)邊理解文意，根據(jù)上下文注意各句標(biāo)號(hào)，這樣有助于提高正確率。 Hints Bulgaria Switzerland buffoon The term supernova [-1-]the 1930s by a [-2-]odd astrophysicist named Fritz Zwicky. [---3---], Zwicky came to the California Institute of Technology in the 1920s and there at once distinguished himself by his abrasive personality and erratic talents. [---4---] A fitness buff, he would often drop to the floor of the Caltech dining hall or other public areas and do one-armed pushups to demonstrate his virility to anyone who seemed [-5-]to doubt it. He was notoriously aggressive, [---6---] a gentle man named Walter Baade, refused to be left alone with him. Among other things, Zwicky accused Baade, who was German, of being a Nazi, which he was not. On at least one occasion Zwicky [-7-]to kill Baade, who worked up the hill at the Mount Wilson Observatory, if he saw him on the Caltech campus. was coined in memorably Born in Bulgaria and raised in Switzerland He didn't seem to be outstandingly bright, and many of his colleagues considered him little more than an irritating buffoon. inclined his manner eventually becoming so intimidating that his closest collaborator, threatened 超新星這個(gè)名字，是一位脾氣極其古怪的天文物理學(xué)家在20世紀(jì)30年代創(chuàng)造的，他的名字叫弗里茨?茲威基。他出生在保加利亞，在瑞士長(zhǎng)大，20世紀(jì)20年代來(lái)到加州理工學(xué)院，很快以粗暴的性格和卓越的才華聞名遐邇。他似乎并不特別聰明，他的許多同事認(rèn)為他只

這是一部有關(guān)現(xiàn)代科學(xué)發(fā)展史的既通俗易懂又引人入勝的書(shū)，作者用清晰明了、幽默風(fēng)趣的筆法，將宇宙大爆炸到人類(lèi)文明發(fā)展進(jìn)程中所發(fā)生的繁多妙趣橫生的故事一一收入筆下。驚奇和感嘆組成了本書(shū)，歷歷在目的天下萬(wàn)物組成了本書(shū)，益于人們了解大千世界的無(wú)窮奧妙，掌握萬(wàn)事萬(wàn)物的發(fā)展脈絡(luò)。 收獲英語(yǔ) 收獲一本好書(shū)~！ 書(shū)本的朗讀語(yǔ)音很charming的磁性英音~(yú)~~大家可以好好學(xué)著模仿哦~~~??！ 因?yàn)樵鵀槊绹?guó)人所寫(xiě),單詞采用美式拼法,不抄全文,然后聽(tīng)寫(xiě)單詞或詞組(用[-No-]表示)以及句子(用[---No---]表示)。請(qǐng)邊聽(tīng)寫(xiě)邊理解文意，根據(jù)上下文注意各句標(biāo)號(hào)，這樣有助于提高正確率。 Hint Bob Evans 3 THE REVEREND EVANS'S UNIVERSE When the skies are clear and the Moon is not too bright, the Reverend Robert Evans, a quiet and [-1-] man, lugs a bulky [-2-] onto the back deck of his home in the Blue Mountains of Australia, about 55 miles west of Sydney, and does an [-3-] thing. He looks deep into the past and finds dying stars. Looking into the past is of course the easy part. [---4---] [-5-], the North Star, our faithful companion, might actually have burned out last January or in 1854 or at any time since the early 14th century and news of it just hasn't reached us yet. The best we can say—can ever say—is that it was still burning on this date 680 years ago. Stars die all the time. [---6---] By day, Evans is a kindly and now semiretired minister in the Uniting Church in Australia, who does a bit of freelance work and researches the history of 19th-century religious movements. [---7---] He hunts supernovae. cheerful telescope extraordinary Glance at the night sky and what you see is history and lots of it, the stars not as they are now but as they were when their light left them. For all we know What Bob Evans does better than anyone else who has ever tried is spot these moments of celestial farewell. But by night he is, in his unassuming way, a titan of the skies. 羅伯特?埃文斯牧師是個(gè)說(shuō)話(huà)不多、性格開(kāi)朗的人，家住澳大利亞的藍(lán)山山脈，在悉尼以西大約80公里的地方。當(dāng)天空晴朗，月亮不太明亮的時(shí)候，他帶著一臺(tái)又笨又大的望遠(yuǎn)鏡來(lái)到自家的后陽(yáng)臺(tái)，干一件非同尋常的事。他觀察遙遠(yuǎn)的過(guò)去，尋找臨終的恒星。 　　觀察過(guò)去當(dāng)然是其中容易的部分。朝夜空瞥上一眼，你就看到了歷史，大量歷史--你看到的恒星不是它們現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)，而是它們的光射出時(shí)的狀態(tài)。據(jù)我們所知，我們忠實(shí)的伙伴北極星，實(shí)際上也許在去年1月，或1854年，或14世紀(jì)初以后的任何時(shí)候就已經(jīng)熄滅，因?yàn)檫@信息到現(xiàn)在還無(wú)法傳到這里。我們至多只能說(shuō)--永遠(yuǎn)只能說(shuō)--它在680年以前的今天還在發(fā)光。恒星在不斷死亡。羅伯特?埃文斯干得比別人更出色的地方是，他發(fā)現(xiàn)了天體舉行告別儀式的時(shí)刻。 　　白天，埃文斯是澳大利亞統(tǒng)一教會(huì)一位和藹可親、快要退休的牧師，干點(diǎn)臨時(shí)工作，研究19世紀(jì)的宗教運(yùn)動(dòng)史。到了夜間，他悄悄地成為一位天空之神，尋找超新星。 這篇材料你能聽(tīng)出多少？點(diǎn)擊這里做聽(tīng)寫(xiě)，提高外語(yǔ)水平>>

重要的物體--比如冥王星的衛(wèi)星--也逃過(guò)了人們的注意力。在這方面，絕不只是冥王星。在"旅行者"號(hào)探險(xiǎn)之前，人們以為海王星只有兩顆衛(wèi)星，"旅行者"號(hào)又發(fā)現(xiàn)了6顆。在我小時(shí)候，人們以為太陽(yáng)系只有30顆衛(wèi)星。現(xiàn)在的衛(wèi)星總數(shù)至少已經(jīng)達(dá)到90顆，其中起碼三分之一是在剛剛過(guò)去的10年里發(fā)現(xiàn)的。 在考慮整個(gè)宇宙的時(shí)候，你當(dāng)然需要記住，我們其實(shí)還不知道我們太陽(yáng)系的家底。 　　現(xiàn)在，當(dāng)我們飛越冥王星的時(shí)候，你會(huì)注意到另一件事：我們?cè)陲w越冥王星。要是你查一查旅行計(jì)劃，你會(huì)明白這次旅行的目的地是我們太陽(yáng)系的邊緣，我們恐怕還沒(méi)有到達(dá)。冥王星也許是標(biāo)在教室掛圖上的最后一個(gè)物體，但太陽(yáng)系并不到此為止。實(shí)際上，離終點(diǎn)還遠(yuǎn)著呢。要到達(dá)太陽(yáng)系的邊緣，我們非得穿過(guò)奧爾特云，那是個(gè)彗星飄游的茫茫天際。而我們--我為此感到很遺憾--還要再花1萬(wàn)年時(shí)間才能抵達(dá)奧爾特云。冥王星遠(yuǎn)不是太陽(yáng)系外緣的標(biāo)志，就像教室里的掛圖上隨便暗示的那樣，它僅僅是在五萬(wàn)分之一路程的地方。 這篇材料你能聽(tīng)出多少？點(diǎn)擊這里做聽(tīng)寫(xiě)，提高外語(yǔ)水平>>

知道該山的真正密度，因此不可能得出一個(gè)真正確切的數(shù)字。為了方便起見(jiàn)，赫頓假設(shè)這座山的密度與普通石頭相等，即大約是水的密度的2.5倍，但這不過(guò)是根據(jù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)所作的估計(jì)。 　　有一個(gè)人把注意力轉(zhuǎn)向這個(gè)問(wèn)題。他是個(gè)鄉(xiāng)下牧師，名叫約翰?米歇爾，家住約克郡人跡稀少的桑希爾村。盡管環(huán)境偏僻而簡(jiǎn)陋，米歇爾卻是18世紀(jì)一位偉大的科學(xué)思想家，深受人們的尊敬。 　　尤其是，他認(rèn)識(shí)到地震的波動(dòng)性質(zhì)，對(duì)磁場(chǎng)和引力進(jìn)行了大量創(chuàng)造性的研究，比任何人都早200年設(shè)想過(guò)黑洞的存在，這是相當(dāng)了不起的--連牛頓都跨不出這么一大步。當(dāng)?shù)聡?guó)出生的音樂(lè)家威廉?赫歇爾認(rèn)為自己生活中的真正興趣是天文學(xué)的時(shí)候，他就是向米歇爾討教了天文望遠(yuǎn)鏡的制作方法。自那以來(lái)，行星科學(xué)界一直對(duì)他懷有感激之情。 這篇材料你能聽(tīng)出多少？點(diǎn)擊這里做聽(tīng)寫(xiě)，提高外語(yǔ)水平>>

記下內(nèi)容，然后自己回頭組織語(yǔ)句，最后校對(duì)，不要逐字逐句聽(tīng)寫(xiě)） Hints: The Principles of Geology consolidated elaborated Even when conducting serious science his manner was generally [-1-]. Once Mrs. Buckland found herself being shaken awake in the middle of the night, her husband crying in excitement: “My dear, I believe that Cheirotherium's footsteps are undoubtedly testudinal.” [---2---] Mrs. Buckland made a flour paste, which she spread across the table, while the Reverend Buckland fetched the family tortoise. Plunking it onto the paste, they goaded it forward and discovered to their delight that its [-3-] did indeed match those of the fossil Buckland had been studying. Charles Darwin thought Buckland a buffoon—[-4-]—but Lyell appeared to find him inspiring and liked him well enough to go touring with him in Scotland in 1824. [---5---] Lyell was extremely shortsighted and went through most of his life with a pained squint, which gave him a troubled air. (Eventually he would lose his sight altogether.) His other slight peculiarity was the habit, when [-6-] by thought, of taking up improbable positions on furniture—lying across two chairs at once or "[-7-]" (to quote his friend Darwin). Often when lost in thought he would slink so low in a chair that his buttocks would all but touch the floor. Lyell's only real job in life was as professor of geology at King's College in London from 1831 to 1833. [---8---] (Although Lyell never read Hutton in the original, he was a keen student of Playfair's reworked version.) singular Together they hurried to the kitchen in their nightclothes. footprints that was the word he used It was soon after this trip that Lyell decided to abandon a career in law and devote himself to geology full-time. distracted resting his head on the seat of a chair while standing up It was around this time that he produced The Principles of Geology, published in three volumes between 1830 and 1833, which in many ways consolidated and elaborated upon the thoughts first voiced by Hutton a generation earlier. 即使在從事嚴(yán)肅的科學(xué)活動(dòng)的時(shí)候，他的方式一般來(lái)說(shuō)也是怪怪的。有一次，巴克蘭半夜里于興奮之中把他的太太推醒，大叫一聲："天哪，我認(rèn)為，化石上的腳印肯定是烏龜?shù)哪_印。"夫妻倆穿著睡衣急匆匆地來(lái)到廚房。巴克蘭太太和了面團(tuán)，鋪在那張桌上，巴克蘭牧師拿來(lái)家里養(yǎng)的烏龜。他們把烏龜往面團(tuán)上一扔，趕著它往前走。他們高興地發(fā)現(xiàn)，它的腳印果然和巴克蘭一直在研究的化石上的腳印完全一致。查爾斯?達(dá)爾文認(rèn)為巴克蘭是個(gè)小丑--這是他的原話(huà)--而萊爾卻似乎覺(jué)得他對(duì)自己很有啟發(fā)，還很喜歡他，1824年和他一塊兒去了蘇格蘭。就是在那次蘇格蘭之行以后，萊爾決定放棄律師職業(yè)，把全部時(shí)間投入了地質(zhì)學(xué)。 萊爾近視得厲害，在一生的大部分時(shí)間里痛苦地瞇著眼睛，因此露出一副愁眉苦臉的樣子．（最后，他完全喪失了視力。）他還有一個(gè)有點(diǎn)古怪的地方，當(dāng)他想得出神的時(shí)候，他會(huì)在家具上擺出難以想像的姿勢(shì)--要么橫在兩張椅子上，要么（用他的朋友達(dá)爾文的話(huà)來(lái)說(shuō)）"頭枕著椅子面，身體伸得筆直"。一旦陷入沉思，他往往會(huì)慢慢地從椅子上滑下來(lái)，臀部幾乎貼著地板。萊爾一生中的惟一工作是在1831-1833年期間當(dāng)過(guò)倫敦大學(xué)國(guó)王學(xué)院的地質(zhì)學(xué)教授。就是在這段時(shí)間里，他寫(xiě)出了《地質(zhì)學(xué)原理》，并在1831-1833年期間分3卷出版。這部書(shū)在許多方面鞏固和闡述了一代人之前由赫頓首先提出的見(jiàn)解。（雖然萊爾從來(lái)沒(méi)有讀過(guò)赫頓作品的原文，但他懷著濃厚的興趣研究過(guò)普萊費(fèi)爾的改寫(xiě)本。） 這篇材料你能聽(tīng)出多少？點(diǎn)擊這里做聽(tīng)寫(xiě)，提高外語(yǔ)水平>>

記下內(nèi)容，然后自己回頭組織語(yǔ)句，最后校對(duì)，不要逐字逐句聽(tīng)寫(xiě)） Hints: thermodynamics elucidate Rumford Humphry Davy In between these undertakings, he somehow found time to conduct a good deal of solid science. [---1---] He also invented several useful objects, including a drip coffeemaker, [-2-] , and [-3-] still known as the Rumford fireplace. In 1805, during a sojourn in France, he wooed and married Madame Lavoisier, widow of Antoine-Laurent. The marriage was not a success and they soon parted. [---3---] But our purpose in mentioning him here is that in 1799, during a [-4-] brief interlude in London, he founded the Royal Institution, yet another of the many learned societies that popped into being all over Britain in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. [---5---], who was appointed the institution's professor of chemistry shortly after its inception and rapidly gained fame as an outstanding lecturer and productive experimentalist. He became the world's foremost authority on thermodynamics and the first to elucidate the principles of the convection of fluids and the circulation of ocean currents. thermal underwear a type of range Rumford stayed on in France, where he died, universally esteemed by all but his former wives, in 1814. comparatively For a time it was almost the only institution of standing to actively promote the young science of chemistry, and that was thanks almost entirely to a brilliant young man named Humphry Davy 在此期間，他擠出時(shí)間搞了大量純科學(xué)工作。他成為世界上最著名的熱力學(xué)權(quán)威，成為闡述液體對(duì)流和洋流循環(huán)原理的第一人。他還發(fā)明了幾樣有用的東西，包括滴濾咖啡壺、保暖內(nèi)衣和一種現(xiàn)在仍叫做倫福德火爐的爐灶。1805年在法國(guó)逗留期間，他向安托萬(wàn)－洛朗?拉瓦錫的遺孀拉瓦錫太太求愛(ài)，娶她當(dāng)了夫人。這樁婚事并不成功，他們很快就分道揚(yáng)鑣。倫福德繼續(xù)留在法國(guó)，直到1814年去世。他受到法國(guó)人的普遍尊敬，除了他的幾位前妻。 　　我們之所以在這里提到他，是因?yàn)?799年他在倫敦的短暫停留期間創(chuàng)建了皇家科學(xué)研究所。18世紀(jì)末和19世紀(jì)初，英國(guó)各地涌現(xiàn)了許多學(xué)術(shù)團(tuán)體，它成了其中的又一名成員。在一段時(shí)間里，它幾乎是惟一的一所旨在積極發(fā)展化學(xué)這門(mén)新興科學(xué)的有名望的機(jī)構(gòu)，而這幾乎完全要?dú)w功于一位名叫漢弗萊?戴維的杰出的年輕人。這個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)成立之后不久，戴維被任命為該研究所的化學(xué)教授，很快就名噪一時(shí)，成為一位卓越的授課者和多產(chǎn)的實(shí)驗(yàn)師。 這篇材料你能聽(tīng)出多少？點(diǎn)擊這里做聽(tīng)寫(xiě)，提高外語(yǔ)水平>>

說(shuō)是很不幸的。開(kāi)爾文是19世紀(jì)的--也是任何世紀(jì)的--最杰出的人物之一。德國(guó)科學(xué)家赫爾曼?馮?亥姆霍茨--他本人也是科學(xué)上的高手--寫(xiě)道，開(kāi)爾文是他遇到過(guò)的最"理解力強(qiáng)、洞察事理、思想活躍"的人。"在他的面前，我有時(shí)候覺(jué)得自己是木頭木腦的。"他不無(wú)沮喪地說(shuō)。 　　這種心態(tài)是可以理解的，因?yàn)殚_(kāi)爾文確實(shí)是維多利亞時(shí)代的超人。他1824年生于貝爾法斯特，父親是皇家學(xué)院的數(shù)學(xué)教授，過(guò)不多久就調(diào)到格拉斯哥。開(kāi)爾文證明自己是個(gè)神童，小小年紀(jì)(10歲)就考上了格拉斯哥大學(xué)。20歲出頭，他已經(jīng)在倫敦和巴黎的學(xué)府學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)，畢業(yè)于劍橋大學(xué)（他贏得該大學(xué)在賽艇和數(shù)學(xué)兩個(gè)方面的最高獎(jiǎng)，還抽空創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)音樂(lè)俱樂(lè)部），當(dāng)選為彼得學(xué)院的研究員，（以英文和法文）寫(xiě)了10多篇關(guān)于純粹數(shù)學(xué)和應(yīng)用數(shù)學(xué)的論文。這些作品都很有創(chuàng)見(jiàn)，他不得不匿名發(fā)表，免得使他的長(zhǎng)輩們感到難堪。他22歲回到格拉斯哥，擔(dān)任自然哲學(xué)教授。在此后的53年里，他一直保有這個(gè)職位。 這篇材料你能聽(tīng)出多少？點(diǎn)擊這里做聽(tīng)寫(xiě)，提高外語(yǔ)水平>>