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用是怎么發(fā)生的：一塊鈾怎么源源不斷地釋放出強(qiáng)輻射能量，而又不像冰塊那樣融化。（只

記下內(nèi)容，然后自己回頭組織語(yǔ)句，最后校對(duì)，不要逐字逐句聽(tīng)寫(xiě)）當(dāng)然啦，還有很多相當(dāng)?shù)氐啦诲e(cuò)的表達(dá)方法可以順道一起學(xué)到! Hints: bookish dapper indulgent Peabody Yale They began as [-1-] friends and admirers, even naming fossil species after each other, and spent a pleasant week together in 1868. However, something then went wrong between them—nobody is quite sure what—and by the following year they had developed an enmity that would grow into [-2-] hatred over the next 30 years. [---3---] [---4---] On a visit to the famous dinosaur fields of Como Bluff, Wyoming, he failed to notice the bones that were, in the words of one historian, "lying everywhere like logs." But he had the means to buy almost anything he wanted. Although he came from a [-5-] background—his father was a farmer in upstate New York—his uncle was the supremely rich and extraordinarily [-6-] financier George Peabody. [---7---] mutual consuming It is probably safe to say that no two people in the natural sciences have ever despised each other more. Marsh, the elder of the two by eight years, was a retiring and bookish fellow, with a trim beard and dapper manner, who spent little time in the field and was seldom very good at finding things when he was there. modest indulgent When Marsh showed an interest in natural history, Peabody had a museum built for him at Yale and provided funds sufficient for Marsh to fill it with almost whatever took his fancy. 他們一開(kāi)始是朋友和互相崇拜者，甚至互相用對(duì)方的名字來(lái)命名化石種類，1868年還愉快地在一起工作了一個(gè)星期。后來(lái)，兩人的關(guān)系出了問(wèn)題--誰(shuí)也搞不清出了什么問(wèn)題--到了第二年，他們之間已經(jīng)成為一種敵對(duì)關(guān)系；那種關(guān)系在隨后的30年里發(fā)展為強(qiáng)烈的仇恨?？梢杂邪盐盏卣f(shuō)，自然科學(xué)領(lǐng)域里再也找不出另外兩個(gè)人比他們更互相鄙視對(duì)方的了。 　　馬什比對(duì)方大8歲。他是個(gè)離群索居的書(shū)呆子，衣冠楚楚，留著整齊的胡子，極

記下內(nèi)容，然后自己回頭組織語(yǔ)句，最后校對(duì)，不要逐字逐句聽(tīng)寫(xiě)）當(dāng)然啦，還有很多相當(dāng)?shù)氐啦诲e(cuò)的表達(dá)方法可以順道一起學(xué)到! Hints: Einstein exceedingly Marie Curie The 19th century held one last great surprise for chemists. It began in 1896 when Henri Becquerel in Paris carelessly left a packet of uranium salts on a wrapped photographic plate in a drawer. [---1---] The salts were emitting rays of some sort. Considering the importance of what he had found, Becquerel did a very strange thing: [---2---] Fortunately the student was a recent émigré from Poland named Marie Curie. Working with her new husband, Pierre, Curie found that certain kinds of rocks [-3-], yet without diminishing in size or changing in any detectable way. What she and her husband couldn't know—[---4---]—was that the rocks were converting mass into energy [-5-]. Marie Curie dubbed the effect "radioactivity." In the process of their work, the Curies also found two new elements—polonium, which they named after her native country, and radium. In 1903 the Curies and Becquerel [-6-] the Nobel Prize in physics. ([---7---]) When he took the plate out some time later, he was surprised to discover that the salts had burned an impression in it, just as if the plate had been exposed to light. he turned the matter over to a graduate student for investigation. poured out constant and extraordinary amounts of energy what no one could know until Einstein explained things the following decade in an exceedingly efficient way were jointly awarded Marie Curie would win a second prize, in chemistry, in 1911, the only person to win in both chemistry and physics. 19世紀(jì)給了化學(xué)家們最后一個(gè)重要的驚喜。這

我們遠(yuǎn)去的光是向光譜的紅端移動(dòng)的，而朝我們射來(lái)的光是向藍(lán)端移動(dòng)的~~~ ?《萬(wàn)物簡(jiǎn)史》推出部落節(jié)目版，戳這里訂閱: 文中需聽(tīng)寫(xiě)單詞或詞組用[-No-]表示，句子用[---No---]表示。請(qǐng)邊聽(tīng)寫(xiě)邊理解文意，這樣可以提高聽(tīng)力準(zhǔn)確度，并為訓(xùn)練聽(tīng)譯打下基礎(chǔ)哦~~~ Hints: spectrum pitch [-1-], at about the time that Einstein was affixing a cosmological constant to his theory, at the Lowell Observatory in Arizona, an astronomer with the [-2-] intergalactic name of Vesto Slipher (who was in fact from Indiana) was taking spectrographic readings of distant stars and discovering that [-3-]. The universe wasn't static. The stars Slipher looked at showed [-4-] signs of a Doppler shift—the same mechanism behind that [-5-] stretched-out yee-yummm sound cars make as they flash past on a racetrack. The phenomenon also applies to light, and in the case of receding galaxies it is known as a red shift ([---6---]). The Doppler effect [-7-] Johann Christian Doppler, an Austrian physicist, who first noticed the effect in 1842. Briefly, what happens is that as a moving object approaches a [-8-] one its sound waves become bunched up as they cram up against whatever device is receiving them (your ears, say), [---9---] This bunching is [-10-] by the listener as a kind of pinched and elevated sound (the yee). [---11---] (the yummm). Coincidentally cheerily they appeared to be moving away from us unmistakable distinctive because light moving away from us shifts toward the red end of the spectrum, approaching light shifts to blue is named for stationary just as you would expect of anything that is being pushed from behind toward an immobile object. perceived As the sound source passes, the sound waves spread out and lengthen, causing the pitch to drop abruptly 說(shuō)來(lái)也巧，大約就在愛(ài)因斯坦為自己的理論添上一個(gè)常數(shù)的時(shí)候，在亞利桑那州的洛厄爾天文臺(tái)，有一位天文學(xué)家在記錄遠(yuǎn)方恒星的光譜圖上的讀數(shù)，發(fā)現(xiàn)恒星好像在離我們遠(yuǎn)去。該天文學(xué)家有個(gè)來(lái)自星系的動(dòng)聽(tīng)名字：維斯托?斯萊弗（他其實(shí)是印第安納州人）。原來(lái)，宇宙不是靜止的。斯萊弗發(fā)現(xiàn)，這些恒星明確顯示出一種多普勒頻移的跡象--跟賽車場(chǎng)上飛馳而過(guò)的汽車發(fā)出的那種連貫而又特有的"嚓--嗖"的聲音屬于同一機(jī)制。這種現(xiàn)象也適用于光；就不停遠(yuǎn)去的星系而言，它被稱之為紅移（因?yàn)殡x我們遠(yuǎn)去的光是向光譜的紅端移動(dòng)的，而朝我們射來(lái)的光是向藍(lán)端移動(dòng)的）。 這篇材料你能聽(tīng)出多少？點(diǎn)擊這里做聽(tīng)寫(xiě)，提高外語(yǔ)水平>>

遲了蜜月，寫(xiě)

于是專利局職員身份，愛(ài)因斯坦的論文并沒(méi)有引起多少注意。他去了大學(xué)中學(xué)應(yīng)聘做教師都遭拒，便又重新做起了三級(jí)審查員，只不過(guò)他沒(méi)有停止思索。他很少帶筆記本記錄些什么，但如果帶了興許會(huì)更好。他的下一個(gè)原子學(xué)說(shuō)得到了很高的評(píng)價(jià)~~~ ?《萬(wàn)物簡(jiǎn)史》推出部落節(jié)目版，戳這里訂閱: 文中需聽(tīng)寫(xiě)單詞或詞組用[-No-]表示，句子用[---No---]表示。請(qǐng)邊聽(tīng)寫(xiě)邊理解文意，這樣可以提高聽(tīng)力準(zhǔn)確度，并為訓(xùn)練聽(tīng)譯打下基礎(chǔ)哦~~~ Physicists as a rule are not overattentive to the pronouncements of Swiss patent office clerks, and so, despite the [-1-] of useful tidings, Einstein's papers attracted little notice. [---2---] So he went back to his job as [-3-], but of course he kept thinking. He hadn't even come close to finishing yet. When the poet Paul Valéry once asked Einstein if he kept a notebook to record his ideas, Einstein looked at him with mild but [-4-] surprise. "Oh, that's not necessary," he replied. "It's so seldom I have one." [---5---] Einstein's next idea was one of the greatest that anyone has ever had—indeed, the very greatest, according to Boorse, Motz, and Weaver in their thoughtful history of atomic science. "As the creation of a single mind," they write, "[-6-]," [-7-] abundance Having just solved several of the deepest mysteries of the universe, Einstein applied for a job as a university lecturer and was rejected, and then as a high school teacher and was rejected there as well. an examiner third class genuine I need hardly point out that when he did get one it tended to be good. it is undoubtedly the highest intellectual achievement of humanity which is of course as good as a compliment can get. 物理學(xué)家一般不大重視瑞士專利局職員發(fā)表的東西，因此盡管提供的信息又多又有用，愛(ài)因斯坦的論文并沒(méi)有引起多少注意。由于剛剛解開(kāi)宇宙中幾個(gè)最難解開(kāi)的謎團(tuán)，愛(ài)因斯坦申請(qǐng)大學(xué)講師的職位，但是遭到拒絕，接著又申請(qǐng)中學(xué)教師的職位，再次遭到拒絕。于是，他重新干起三級(jí)審查員的活兒--不過(guò)，他當(dāng)然沒(méi)有停止思索。他離大功告成還遠(yuǎn)著呢。 　　有一次，詩(shī)人保羅?瓦萊里問(wèn)愛(ài)因斯坦，他是不是隨身帶著個(gè)筆記本記錄自己的思想，愛(ài)因斯坦稍稍而又著實(shí)吃驚地看了他一眼。"哦，那是沒(méi)有必要的，"他回答說(shuō)，"我極少帶個(gè)筆記本。"我無(wú)須指出，要是他真的帶個(gè)本子的話，倒是很有好處的。愛(ài)因斯坦的下一個(gè)點(diǎn)子，是一切點(diǎn)子中最偉大的點(diǎn)子--布爾斯、莫茨和韋弗在他們很有創(chuàng)見(jiàn)的原子科學(xué)史中說(shuō)，這確實(shí)是最最偉大的點(diǎn)子。"作為一個(gè)腦子的獨(dú)創(chuàng)，"他們寫(xiě)道，"這無(wú)疑是人類最高的智力成就。"這個(gè)評(píng)價(jià)當(dāng)然很高。 這篇材料你能聽(tīng)出多少？點(diǎn)擊這里做聽(tīng)寫(xiě)，提高外語(yǔ)水平>>

給了他的子女，其中許多被他的兒子沃爾特帶到了新西蘭，他于1840年移居到那個(gè)國(guó)家。沃爾特成為一名杰出的新西蘭人，最后官至土著居民事務(wù)部部長(zhǎng)。1865年，他把他父親收藏品中的主要標(biāo)本，包括那顆著名的禽龍牙齒，捐贈(zèng)給了惠靈頓的殖民博物館（就是現(xiàn)在的新西蘭博物館），此后一直存放在那里。而那顆引發(fā)這一切的禽龍牙齒--很可能是古生物學(xué)里最重要的牙齒--現(xiàn)在不再對(duì)外展出。 這篇材料你能聽(tīng)出多少？點(diǎn)擊這里做聽(tīng)寫(xiě)，提高外語(yǔ)水平>>

設(shè)為基礎(chǔ)的，他只好順?biāo)浦鄣馗闪艘幌?。他得出的結(jié)果是：地球的年齡是8900萬(wàn)年--這個(gè)年齡與開(kāi)爾文的假設(shè)完全吻合，不幸的是與現(xiàn)實(shí)根本不符。 　　情況如此混亂，到19世紀(jì)末，你可以獲知--取決于你查的是哪種資料--我們距離開(kāi)始出現(xiàn)復(fù)雜生命的寒武紀(jì)的年數(shù)是300萬(wàn)年、1800萬(wàn)年、6億年、7.94億年或24億年--或者是這個(gè)范圍里其他數(shù)量的年。直到1910年，美國(guó)人喬治?貝克爾才作出了一個(gè)最受人尊重的估計(jì)，他認(rèn)為地球的年齡也許不超過(guò)5500萬(wàn)年。 　　正當(dāng)事情似乎亂作一團(tuán)的時(shí)候，出了另一位杰出人物，有了一種嶄新的方法。他是個(gè)直率而又聰明的新西蘭農(nóng)家孩子，名叫歐內(nèi)斯特?盧瑟福。他拿出了無(wú)可辯駁的證據(jù)：地球至少已經(jīng)存在許多億年，很可能還更古老。 　　值得注意的是，他的證據(jù)是以煉金術(shù)為基礎(chǔ)的--天然，自發(fā)，科學(xué)上信得過(guò)，毫不神秘，盡管是煉金術(shù)。結(jié)果證明，牛頓畢竟沒(méi)有大錯(cuò)。那種方法到底是怎么知道的，當(dāng)然要等下一章來(lái)敘述。 這篇材料你能聽(tīng)出多少？點(diǎn)擊這里做聽(tīng)寫(xiě)，提高外語(yǔ)水平>>

算過(guò)。）1919年，當(dāng)哈勃第一次把腦袋伸向望遠(yuǎn)鏡的時(shí)候，我們已知的星系數(shù)只有一個(gè)：銀河系。其他的一切要么被認(rèn)為是銀河系的組成部分，要么被認(rèn)為是遠(yuǎn)方天際眾多氣體中的一團(tuán)氣體。哈勃很快證明這種看法是極其錯(cuò)誤的。 　　在之后的10年里，哈勃著手研究有關(guān)宇宙的兩個(gè)最基本的問(wèn)題：宇宙已經(jīng)存在多久？宇宙的范圍有多大？為了回答這兩個(gè)問(wèn)題，首先必須知道兩件事--某類星系離

像是開(kāi)始為引力問(wèn)題找個(gè)答案。他從一開(kāi)頭就清楚地認(rèn)識(shí)到，狹義相對(duì)論里缺少一樣?xùn)|西，那就是引力。狹義相對(duì)論之所以“狹義”，是因?yàn)樗芯康耐耆窃跓o(wú)障礙的狀態(tài)下運(yùn)動(dòng)的東西。但是，要是一個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)中的東西--尤其是光--遇