英語(yǔ)中有12個(gè)主要時(shí)態(tài)，都來(lái)自于三時(shí)（過(guò)去、現(xiàn)在、將來(lái)） ，今天，小編就大致給同學(xué)們講講英語(yǔ)中的時(shí)態(tài)問(wèn)題，一起來(lái)看看吧！

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現(xiàn)在以I listen為例，舉例英語(yǔ)中有12個(gè)主要時(shí)態(tài)如下所示：

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：I listen?????? 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：I am listening?????? 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：I was listening

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：I have listened?????? 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)：I have been listening?????? 一般將來(lái)時(shí)：I shall listen”或“I will listen.”

將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)：I shall be listening?????? 一般過(guò)去時(shí)：I listened?????? 過(guò)去完成時(shí)：I had listened

過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)：I had been listening?????? 將來(lái)完成時(shí)： I shall have listened?????? 將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)： I shall have been listening

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(1)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+have/has+過(guò)去分詞(done)

①肯定句：主語(yǔ)+have/has+過(guò)去分詞+其他

②否定句：主語(yǔ)+have/has+not+過(guò)去分詞+其他

③一般疑問(wèn)句：Have/Has+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞+其他

④特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句（have/has+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞+其他\

He has worked for us for ten years.

Has he worked for us for ten years.

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(2)過(guò)去完成時(shí)

基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+had+過(guò)去分詞(done)

①肯定句：主語(yǔ)+had+過(guò)去分詞+其他

②否定句：主語(yǔ)+had+not+過(guò)去分詞+其他

③一般疑問(wèn)句：Had+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞+其他

　　肯定回答：Yes,主語(yǔ)+had

　　否定回答：No,主語(yǔ)+hadn't

④特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句（had+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞+其他）

　　語(yǔ)法判定:

（1） by + 過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。如：

I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.

（2） by the end of + 過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。如：

We had learnt over two thousand English words by the end of last term.

（3） before + 過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。如：

They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.

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(3)將來(lái)完成時(shí)

（shall）will+have+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞

before+將來(lái)時(shí)間或by+將來(lái)時(shí)間

before或by the time引導(dǎo)的現(xiàn)在時(shí)的從句

He will have worked for us.=He will work for us.

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(4)過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí)

should / would have done sth.

He said that he would have worked for us.=He said that he would work for us.

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(5)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

基本與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)相同，但是現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)只能表示仍然持續(xù)的概念

have/has been +-ing 分詞

He has been working for us for ten years.=He has worked for us for ten years.

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(6)過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

had been +-ing 分詞

He said that he had been working for us for ten years.=He said that he had worked for us for ten years.

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(7)將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

主語(yǔ)+ shall/will have been doing

He will have been working for us.=He will work for us.

翻譯為：他最近一直在為我們工作（過(guò)去在工作，現(xiàn)在在工作，將來(lái)還會(huì)工作）

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(8)過(guò)去將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

should+have been+現(xiàn)在分詞用于第一人稱

would have been+現(xiàn)在分詞用于其他人稱

He said that he would have been working for us.=He said that he would work for us.

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