雅思口語第二部分的卡片題對很多考生而言是個挑戰(zhàn)，其難點在于話題拓展不開，無話可說。分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，出現(xiàn)這種狀況的原因有兩方面，一是口語基本功不扎實，想到的內(nèi)容說不出來。二是對雅思口語話題還不夠了解，沒有做充分的思考和準備。對于第一種情況，即基本功的提高不可一蹴而就，需假以時日，持之以恒。本文中，將針對第二種情況，談談可用于卡片題內(nèi)容拓展的兩大策略，并結(jié)合真題做具體分析說明。

策略一：4W+1H疑問詞法

4W— When, Where, Who, What, Why；

1H— How

【真題實例】Describe a festival that is popular in your country.

You should say:

What the festival is

What time of year it is

What people do during this festival

Whether this festival has changed in recent years.

【答題思路】以該例為代表的事件題最容易從時間，地點，人物角度入手探尋素材。話題卡本身會以特殊疑問句形式給出四個方面提示。就該題而言，what time=when, what people do=how, 對照4W+1H, 我們還可以自己加三點提示，即where to celebrate, with whom to spend,和why it is important to celebrate。那么內(nèi)容一下子增加了近一半。

【細節(jié)詳解】

卡片提示（4點）

（what）The Spring Festival, is one of the\major traditional festivals in China.

（when）It falls on the first day of the first lunar month.

（what to do）Ways to celebrate the Chinese new year vary from place to place, but generally speaking, setting fireworks and firecrackers is a shared tradition and people across China decorate their house with the red color.

（whether）In recent years, Spring festival is more like a time for family get-together and personal relaxation , not a tradition to celebrate.

可增加的內(nèi)容（3點）

(where) Chinese people would like to spend the holiday at home, watching TV or playing mahjong.

(who) On this day, family members who study or work away from home all come back and stay together. It is a time for family reunion.

(why) It is essential to have such a festival to celebrate, coz it offers the working people a chance to slow down, to strengthen the family bond and more importantly, to remember their tradition.

【旁征博引】?? 對于卡片題的另外三類主流話題（人物，地點，物品），這種拓展方法同樣適用。人物題可談及與之認識的時間（when did you meet, how long have you met），地點(where did you meet each other)，一起做什么(what do you do together)，原因(why you two became friends), 如何聯(lián)系（how do you keep in touch）。地點題可談及的內(nèi)容有：第一次/上次去的時間（when did you first go there, what is the last time you went there），該地點具體位置(where is it located)，和誰去過這個地方（with whom did you go there），該地方有什么（what does this place have），怎么去這個地方(How to get there)，為什么這個地點有名（why is it famous）。物品題思路拓展：什么時間得到的（when did you get this thing），在哪可以看到或者買到（where did you first saw it or where can you buy it），誰介紹的或者送的（who recommend or gave it to you），為什么喜歡或不喜歡（why do you like/dislike it），如何使用（how to use it）。

以上只是一部分，提醒考生需要注意的是，考試時無需對每個疑問詞逐項說明，即便是卡片題上的四項提示也只是給考生作話題準備的參考而已，沒有硬性規(guī)定非說不可。我們的原則是挑選有話講的，容易講的進行拓展。

策略二：S+E論點論據(jù)法

S—statement

E—example

【真題實例】Describe a close friend

You should say:

Who the friend is

Where and when you first met

What you like about this friend

Whether this person is popular with other people.

【答題思路】根據(jù)卡片題的提示以及上述第一種拓展策略，多數(shù)人能夠?qū)τ谠撛掝}給出五至八句話的回答。即每個疑問詞引出一句話。然而，要講滿一到兩分鐘這些內(nèi)容還遠遠不夠。建議考生運用S+E法，把已想出的五至八句話看作是論點句（statement），緊接每句給予細節(jié)支撐（example）。

【細節(jié)詳解】細節(jié)的給出有多種方法，包括：解釋說明，作比較，因果論證，舉例子。依次例證如下：

S :? We got to know each other when I was in junior high school.

E：which means, we have been friends for more than ten years.

S:? She is a good-looking girl.

E:? In fact, if you look a little bit closer, she bears some resemblance with Zhang Ziyi, a well-known film star in China, also a famous Chinese beauty in western countries.

S: One of the very few differences between us is that she is more hard-working.

E:? As a result, she used to score higher than me in high school.

S :? I like her because she is considerate and sensitive.

E:? Whenever we were together, she acted like a big sister, supportive and caring. Even now when we are apart, she always surprises me by sending from afar a birthday gift to me.

S :? We used to have great time together.

E:? We both were huge fan of Jackie Chen. Together, we watched every movie of him. After school, we used to haunt stationary shop and bought this or that kind of book, sticker, and so on.

【旁征博引】這種對于每個新信息點都盡量給出細節(jié)說明的方法不僅能夠用于拓展Part 2卡片題內(nèi)容，也可以用于口語第一和第三部分。是使空洞話題變得有話聊的切實有效的策略。尤其是Part 3的問題，因為抽象，難度相對Part 1有提高，十分有必要學會提供論據(jù)，不僅內(nèi)容豐富了，觀點也得到了論證，更具說服力。