Scientists have said that humans could live on Mars only if fungi found inside the Chernobyl nuclear reactor is used to protect against radiation.

科學(xué)家稱，只有利用在切爾諾貝利核反應(yīng)堆中發(fā)現(xiàn)的真菌來防輻射，人類才能在火星上生存。

According to researchers, a layer of fungus, that is around 21 centimetres thick, could "largely negate the annual dose-equivalent of the radiation environment on the surface of Mars".

研究人員稱，約21厘米厚的真菌層就能“大大減少相當(dāng)于火星表面輻射環(huán)境中一年的輻射量”。

Nils Averesch, Stanford researcher and study co-author told a science website called New Scientist: "What makes the fungus great is that you only need a few grams to start out."

這項(xiàng)研究的作者之一、斯坦福大學(xué)研究員Nils Averesch對科學(xué)網(wǎng)站New Scientist說：“這種真菌的厲害之處在于只需幾克就能防輻射?！?/div>

"It self-replicates and self-heals, so even if there's a solar flare that damages the radiation shield significantly, it will be able to grow back in a few days."

“它可以自我復(fù)制和自愈，所以即使太陽耀斑嚴(yán)重破壞輻射防護(hù)層，幾天后也能恢復(fù)如初?！?/div>

The fungi have been able to absorb harmful cosmic rays on the International Space Station (ISS). It could be used to protect future colonies on Mars.

這種真菌能吸收國際空間站上的有害宇宙射線，可以保護(hù)火星上未來的殖民地。

In 1986, a power station on the outskirts of Pripyat suffered a massive accident in which one of the reactors caught fire and exploded, spreading radioactive material into the surroundings. It was one of the biggest disasters in Ukraine. Five years later, in 1991 black fungi was found on the reactor which had been flooded with gamma.

1986年，普里皮亞季郊區(qū)的一個(gè)核電站發(fā)生重大事故，其中一個(gè)反應(yīng)堆起火爆炸，放射性物質(zhì)擴(kuò)散到周圍。那是烏克蘭最嚴(yán)重的一場災(zāi)難。5年后，在1991年，在充滿伽馬射線的反應(yīng)堆發(fā)現(xiàn)了黑色真菌。

The fungi not only survive the radiation, but it also grew towards it as if it was attracted. Large amounts of 'melanin' allow the fungi to absorb normally harmful rays which it then converts into chemical energy.??

這種真菌不僅從輻射中幸存了下來，還向著輻射的方向生長，好像被某種力量吸引著。大量的黑色素使這種真菌能吸收有害射線，將其轉(zhuǎn)化成化學(xué)能量。

These fungi use the deadly rays to produce energy via radiosynthesis.

這些真菌利用這些致命射線通過輻射合成產(chǎn)生能量。