據(jù)美國廣播公司(ABC)27日報道,美國得克薩斯州環(huán)境質(zhì)量委員會發(fā)出緊急通知稱,該州東南部一個縣的供水系統(tǒng)中可能發(fā)現(xiàn)“食腦蟲”(brain-eating amoeba),并向該州十余個地區(qū)發(fā)布警告——建議居民不要飲用自來水!

A rare brain-eating amoeba that killed a six-year-old boy has been found in the water supply of a city in southeastern Texas, prompting environmental officials to take steps to flush and disinfect the pipes.

一種少見的食腦蟲在德克薩斯州的西南方供水處被發(fā)現(xiàn)了,這種蟲子已經(jīng)造成一位6歲男孩的死亡。環(huán)境執(zhí)法人員已經(jīng)開始沖刷和消毒供水管。

Josiah McIntyre, who had just started elementary school in Lake Jackson, fell ill in the first week of September with a headache and flu-like symptoms. Days later, after a battery of tests, doctors at Texas Children’s Hospital determined that he had been infected by?Naegleria fowleri, a microscopic amoeba found in rivers, lakes and hot springs. If ingested through the nose it can cause primary amebic meningoencephalitis, a rare debilitating disease that is usually fatal.

約西亞·麥金太爾,一名在杰克遜湖區(qū)剛開始讀小學的學生,在九月開學的第一周感到不適和頭痛,接著伴隨著流感相似的癥狀。幾天后,經(jīng)過一連串的考試,在德克薩斯州兒童醫(yī)院的醫(yī)生診斷出他感染了福氏納格里阿米巴原蟲,一種微型變形蟲,這種蟲常出現(xiàn)于野生河,湖泊以及熱泉中。這種變形蟲會通過鼻子進入人體,一旦感染會導致阿米巴性腦膜腦炎,一種少見且致死性的衰弱型疾病。

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“食腦蟲”的學名是“福氏耐格里變形蟲”,這種寄生蟲能夠順著人的鼻子一直鉆到大腦。當它到達大腦時,會引起原發(fā)性阿米巴腦膜腦炎(簡稱PAM)。

一旦被“食腦蟲”入侵引發(fā)感染,死亡率(mortality)超過97%……大多數(shù)患有PAM的人醫(yī)治無效,而且,不幸的是三分之二的患者都是健康兒童...

雖說確診病例較少,但“食腦蟲”帶來的風險巨大。據(jù)美國疾病控制和預(yù)防中心此前數(shù)據(jù),自20世紀60年代首次發(fā)現(xiàn)這種“食腦蟲”以來,美國145名已知確診病例,其中只有4人幸免于難……