動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變化規(guī)則記憶技巧
學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的過(guò)程中,各種各樣的單詞是必須要掌握的,尤其是各種詞性,必須要掌握,這樣才能夠幫助大家更好的提升詞匯量。今天我們?yōu)榇蠹艺砹藙?dòng)詞過(guò)去式變化規(guī)則記憶技巧,一起來(lái)看一下吧。
一、規(guī)則動(dòng)詞 (Regullar Verbs)的過(guò)去式由 “動(dòng)詞原形 +- ed”構(gòu)成,具體變化有:
1. 一般的直接在詞尾加
-ed
如 : want — wanted, work — worked,
need —needed,clean —cleaned
2. 以不發(fā)音的 e 結(jié)尾的在詞尾加 -d 。
如:like —liked, live —lived
use —used, move —moved
smile--smiled,hope--hoped
注意:ie 結(jié)尾動(dòng)詞 ,直接加 d: died;tied.
3. 以一個(gè)元音字母加一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)動(dòng)詞,先雙寫(xiě)結(jié)尾的輔音字母,再加-ed 。
如:stop — stopped, trip —tripped
pian—planned;
4. 以輔音字母加y 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞, 先把 y 變成 i ,再加 -ed 。
如:study —studied, carry — carried,
hurry — hurried, marry —married
worried; studied.
注意:規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式加“ ed”后的發(fā)音規(guī)則:
在濁輔音和元音后面[d]
called [k?:ld]
borrowed[b?r??d]
moved[mu:vd]
在清輔音后面[t]
helped[helpt]
passed[pa:st]
在 [t] [d] 音后面[id]
started['sta:tid]
counted['kauntid]
needed['ni:did]
counted['kauntid]
二、不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞 (Irregular Verbs)的過(guò)去式大體上歸納有以下記憶法:
1. 以 t 結(jié)尾的詞,過(guò)去式與原形相同。如:
put —put, let —let,
cut —cut, beat —beat
read — read,must--must
2. 以 d 結(jié)尾的詞,把d 變成 t 。如 :
build —built, lend —lent,
send —sent, spend — spent
3. 以 n 結(jié)尾的詞,在詞后加t 。如:
mean — meant, burn —burnt,
learn —learnt
4. 以 ow / aw 結(jié)尾的詞, 把 ow / aw 變成 ew 。如:
blow —blew, draw —drew,
know —knew,grow —grew
throw —threw (動(dòng)詞 show 除外, show — showed )
5. 含有雙寫(xiě)字母的詞, 將雙寫(xiě)改為單寫(xiě), 在詞尾加 t 。如:
keep —kept, sleep — slept,
feel —felt,smell — smelt
sweep —swept
6. 含有元音字母 o / i 的詞,將 o / i 變成 a。如:
come —came give —gave,
sit —sat, drink — drank
7 .以 ought 和 aught 結(jié)尾,且讀音是〔:t 〕的過(guò)去式。如:
become — became,sing —sang,
bring —brought , buy — bought ,
think —thought , catch —caught ,
teach —taught
8 .把重讀開(kāi)音節(jié)中的i 改為 o,變成過(guò)去式。如:
drive —drove,ride —rode,write —wrote
9 .動(dòng)詞原形中的e 改為 o ,如:
get — got , forget —forgot
10 .動(dòng)詞原形中的ee 改為 e ,如:
feed — fed , meet —met
11 .動(dòng)詞原形中的eak 改為 oke ,如:
break —broke , speak — spoke
12 .動(dòng)詞原形中的ell 改為 old ,如:
sell —sold , tell —told
13 .動(dòng)詞原形中的an 改為 oo ,如:
stand — stood , understand —understood
14 .以 ould 結(jié)尾且讀音為〔 ud 〕的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式。如:
can —could , shall —should , will —would
15 .在動(dòng)詞原形后加d 或 t 變成過(guò)去式,并且發(fā)生音變。如:
hear 〔 hi 〕—heard 〔 h :d 〕, say〔 sei 〕—said〔 sed 〕,mean 〔 mi:n 〕—meant 〔 ment 〕
16 .不符合上述規(guī)律的動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式。如:
am , is —was , are — were , build —built , do —did , eat —ate , fall — fell , find — found , fly —flew , go —went , have / has — had , hold —held , leave — left , make — made ,may —might , run —ran , see — saw ,take —took.
以上就是為大家整理的動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變化規(guī)則記憶技巧,希望能夠?qū)Υ蠹矣兴鶐椭?。不管是什么詞性,掌握了變化規(guī)律,一通百通,學(xué)習(xí)起來(lái)就會(huì)簡(jiǎn)單很多。