距離2023年12月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試越來(lái)越近啦，同學(xué)們準(zhǔn)備的如何？今天@滬江英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)微信公眾號(hào)整理了2023年12月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯?？荚掝}預(yù)測(cè)（4）：中國(guó)文學(xué)類，一起來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)吧。

2023年12月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯?？荚掝}預(yù)測(cè)（4）：中國(guó)文學(xué)類

預(yù)測(cè)一

唐詩(shī)(Tang poetry)是中國(guó)珍貴的文化遺產(chǎn)，在中國(guó)文學(xué)和詩(shī)歌中占據(jù)重要地位。唐朝是中國(guó)詩(shī)歌的黃金時(shí)代，《全唐詩(shī)》(Complete Tang Poems)收錄了2200多位詩(shī)人所作的近5萬(wàn)首唐詩(shī)。唐代的詩(shī)人特別多，李白、杜甫、白居易是世界聞名的偉大詩(shī)人。唐詩(shī)的題材非常廣泛，從自然現(xiàn)象、政治動(dòng)態(tài)(dynamics)到社會(huì)風(fēng)俗、個(gè)人感受，幾乎包括生活的方方面面。《唐詩(shī)三百首》(300 Tang Poems)是后人編選的最受歡迎的唐詩(shī)集，在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)流傳廣泛，很多詩(shī)歌被中國(guó)的中小學(xué)語(yǔ)文教科書所采用。

參考譯文：

The Tang poetry, a precious cultural heritage of China, occupied a significant place in the field of Chinese literature and Chinese poetry. Tang Dynasty was the golden age of Chinese poetry. The Complete Tang Poems collected almost 50,000 Tang poems written by over 2,200 poets. There were a large number of poets in Tang Dynasty, among whom Li Bai, Du Fu and Bai Juyi were the greatest poets renowned in the world. The subjects of Tang poetry were rather extensive, ranging from natural phenomena and political dynamics to social customs and personal feelings, embracing almost every aspect of people's lives. The 300 Tang Poems was a collection of the most popular Tang poems compiled by the later generations. In modern society, it is so widespread that many of the poems have been adopted in the Chinese language textbooks of primary schools and secondary schools.

預(yù)測(cè)二

宋詞(Song Ci)是古代詩(shī)歌的一種，可以配樂(lè)歌唱，又稱曲子詞。因?yàn)樗卧~句子長(zhǎng)短不一，所以又稱“長(zhǎng)短句(Changduanju)”。詞有各種曲調(diào)，因此演唱方式多種多樣。詞在宋朝達(dá)到鼎盛時(shí)期。和唐詩(shī)一樣，宋詞在中國(guó)文學(xué)史上占有重要地位。在詞的發(fā)展過(guò)程中，涌現(xiàn)出很多杰出的詞人，如蘇軾、李清照、辛棄疾、陸游等。如今宋詞仍然很受歡迎?！端卧~三百首》(Three Hundred Song Ci Poems)一書非常流行，很多著名的詞作都被重新譜曲演唱。

參考譯文：

Song Ci is one form of ancient poetry and can be sung to music， thus it's also called musical Ci poetry. Since the length of the lines in a Ci poem can vary, it is also called Changduanju (lines of irregular lengths). Due to various tunes used for them, Ci poems can be sung in different ways. Ci poetry reached its peak during the Song Dynasty. Like Tang poetry, Song Ci poetry plays an important role in the history of Chinese literature as well. In the process of its development, a lot of prominent Ci composers appeared such as Su Shi, LiQingzhao, Xin Qiji, Lu You, etc. Song Ci remains popular even today. The book Three Hundred Song Ci Poems is very popular, and a good number of famous Ci poems have been set to new tunes for singing.

預(yù)測(cè)三

元曲(Yuan opera)是中國(guó)一種別具一格的文學(xué)形式和戲劇形式。它首先流行于民間，內(nèi)容充滿了生活氣息。元曲有固定的格式，但相比于唐詩(shī)宋詞(Tang and Song poetry)，有較大的靈活性。歷史上涌現(xiàn)了一批杰出元曲劇作家(playwright)，其中以關(guān)漢卿最負(fù)盛名。元曲和唐詩(shī)宋詞一樣，是中國(guó)古典文學(xué)的重要組成部分。元曲的興起對(duì)于中國(guó)民族詩(shī)歌的發(fā)展和文化的繁榮有著深遠(yuǎn)的影響。

參考譯文：

Yuan opera is a characteristic form of literature and drama in China. It first became popular among common people as its content was full of the flavor of life. Yuan opera has its own fixed form but is quite more flexible compared with Tang and Song poetry. There appeared in history a number of outstanding playwrights of Yuan opera, among whom Guan Hanqing was the most famous, like Tang and Song poetry. Yuan opera is an important part of Chinese classical literature. The rising of Yuan opera has great influences on the development of national poetry and the prosperity of culture in China.

預(yù)測(cè)四

明清兩朝(the Ming and Qing Dynasties)是中國(guó)小說(shuō)的繁榮時(shí)期。從思想和主題方面來(lái)說(shuō)，這個(gè)時(shí)代的小說(shuō)包含了傳統(tǒng)文化的精神，充分顯示出其文學(xué)價(jià)值和社會(huì)作用。在文學(xué)史上，明清小說(shuō)具有與唐詩(shī)、宋詞、元曲（Tang Shi, Song Ci and Yuan Qu）一樣重要的地位。中國(guó)文學(xué)四大名著(Four Great Works of literature）都是明清時(shí)期的代表作品。這些享有世界聲譽(yù)的作品都已經(jīng)被改編成影視劇，受到中外觀眾的喜愛(ài)。

參考譯文：

The Ming and Qing Dynasties are times of prosperity for Chinese novels. From the aspects of both ideas and themes, the novels in this period have contained the soul of traditional culture, fully displaying its value of literature and social effects. In the history of literature, Ming-Qing novels are as important as Tang Shi, Song Ci and Yuan Qu. All the Chinese Four Great Works of literature are representative works of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. These world-famous works have been adapted into films and TV series which are popular with Chinese and foreign audiences.?

預(yù)測(cè)五

盡管中國(guó)古代神話(mythology)沒(méi)有十分完整的情節(jié)，神話人物也沒(méi)有系統(tǒng)的家譜(genealogy)，但它們卻有著鮮明的東方文化特色，其中尤為顯著的是它的尚德精神(the spirit of esteeming virtue)。這種尚德精神在與西方神話特別是希臘神話比較時(shí)，顯得更加突出。在西方神話尤其是希臘神話中，對(duì)神的褒貶標(biāo)準(zhǔn)多以智慧、力量為準(zhǔn)則，而中國(guó)古代神話對(duì)神的褒貶則多以道德為準(zhǔn)繩。這種思維方式深植于中國(guó)的文化之中。幾千年來(lái)，這種尚德精神影響著人們對(duì)歷史人物的品評(píng)與現(xiàn)實(shí)人物的期望。

參考譯文：

Although ancient Chinese mythology does not have relatively complete plot and mythological figures don't have systematic genealogy, they have distinct features of oriental culture, among which the spirit of esteeming virtue is particularly significant.When compared with Western mythology, especially Greek mythology, this spirit of esteeming virtue is even more prominent.In Western mythology, especially Greek mythology,the criteria for judging whether a god is good or not are mostly the god’s wisdom and strength,while in ancient Chinese mythology, the criterion lies in morality. This way of thinking is deeply rooted in Chinese culture.For thousands of years, this spirit of esteeming virtue has affected people’s comments on historical figures and expectations of real people.

預(yù)測(cè)六

與舞蹈和音樂(lè)相伴的歌謠跟口頭流傳的神話，遠(yuǎn)在文字出現(xiàn)之前就已大量產(chǎn)生。中國(guó)的文學(xué)正是發(fā)端于此。不過(guò)歌謠本是人們?cè)谏钪须S興而發(fā)的東西，上古時(shí)代也沒(méi)有保存和記載它們的手段，因之也就很快湮滅，不留痕跡。我們只能從一些古籍書中推斷它們的存在。古書中記載了一些據(jù)稱年代非常久遠(yuǎn)的歌謠，但是大多出于后人的偽托，能夠斷定朝代的歌謠要到《詩(shī)經(jīng)》里才能看見(jiàn)。從這點(diǎn)來(lái)看，古代神話對(duì)中國(guó)文學(xué)的影響更為顯著。

參考譯文：

?Long before the emergence of the written word, ballads, accompanied by music and dance, and myths passed around by word of mouth, were widely popular. Chinese literature finds its origins in these traditions. However, ballads were what people improvised out of daily life, and due to lack of means to record and preserve them in ancient times, they quickly disappeared without leaving much of a trace. Today, we can only deduce their existence from ancient books, which recorded some time-honored ballads, though most of these are believed to be derivatives of later generations. Ballads in the book of songs are the earliest writings that can be dated. From this point of view, ancient mythology obviously has had a great influence on Chinese literature.

預(yù)測(cè)七

在中國(guó)的南方和北方，飲食差異很大，也就是說(shuō)，北方廚師（chef）所烹飪的菜肴口味更重，而在南方的食譜（recipe）中，菜肴的味道相對(duì)清淡。有時(shí)我們說(shuō)南方菜肴的美味在于它的甜度和新鮮。在中國(guó)的一些省份，如寧夏、河北、四川、陜西和云南，餐食多為辣味，這是由于濕冷的天氣和高海拔（high altitude）所導(dǎo)致的。人們認(rèn)為出汗是預(yù)防濕冷氣候?qū)е碌募膊〉囊粋€(gè)好方法。

參考譯文：

There is a big difference in the diets between Northern and Southern China, that is, the dishes made by Northern chefs have a heavier taste, and those are comparably light in Southern chefs' recipes. Sometimes, we say it is tasty as sweet and fresh in Southern dishes. In some provinces of China like Ningxia, Hebei, Sichuan, Shanxi, and Yunnan, the diets are made hot and spicy because of the humid cold weather and high altitude.? People believe that to sweat is a good method for preventing diseases caused by humidity and cold.