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Reminiscing with friends about the good old days may be fun, but it's unlikely to be accurate. Social pressure when recalling a shared event with somebody else who was also there causes false memories to be formed, according to scientists. People regularly replace their stored memory with the one that is recounted by a friend, a study claims.
回憶和朋友們?cè)谝黄鸬臍g樂時(shí)光絕對(duì)是令人愉悅的事情，但是人的記憶力不可能做到精確。科學(xué)家認(rèn)為“社會(huì)壓力”是造成人們形成錯(cuò)誤的記憶鏈條的關(guān)鍵。

Researchers from University College London arranged for volunteers to watch a documentary film in small groups. Three days later, they returned to the lab individually to take a memory test, answering questions about the film. They were also asked how confident they were in their answers. They were later invited back to the lab to retake the test while the scientists scanned their brain activity. This time, the subjects were also given a 'lifeline' - the supposed answers of the others in their film viewing group, along with social media-style photos.
來(lái)自倫敦學(xué)院的研究員們安排了一組志愿者觀看紀(jì)錄片來(lái)進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)，3天后，小組的每一個(gè)成員分別來(lái)到實(shí)驗(yàn)室來(lái)進(jìn)行針對(duì)他們的記憶力的測(cè)試，測(cè)試他們對(duì)于看過(guò)的那部紀(jì)錄片的記憶程度，以及需要回答他們對(duì)于測(cè)試的回答的信心程度。緊接著，他們被送到實(shí)驗(yàn)室重新開始測(cè)試，與此同時(shí)，科學(xué)家對(duì)他們的腦部活動(dòng)進(jìn)行掃描。
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The participants conformed to the group on these 'planted' responses, giving incorrect answers nearly 70 per cent of the time.
實(shí)驗(yàn)顯示，大量承受社會(huì)壓力的志愿者在回答問題時(shí)，70%的答案是錯(cuò)誤的。
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The most outstanding feature of the false memories was a strong co-activation and connectivity between two brain areas - the hippocampus and the amygdala.The hippocampus is known to play a role in long-term memory formation, while the amygdala, sometimes known as the emotion centre of the brain, plays a role in social interaction. The scientists think that the amygdala may act as a gateway connecting the social and memory processing parts of our brain.
科學(xué)家分析，人體大腦中有兩個(gè)區(qū)域“海馬體”“杏仁核”對(duì)錯(cuò)誤的記憶力有著“不可推卸的責(zé)任”，據(jù)悉，海馬體主要負(fù)責(zé)學(xué)習(xí)和記憶，日常生活中的短期記憶都儲(chǔ)存在海馬體中，如果一個(gè)記憶片段，比如一個(gè)電話號(hào)碼或者一個(gè)人在短時(shí)間內(nèi)被重復(fù)提及的話海馬體就會(huì)將其轉(zhuǎn)存入大腦皮層，成為永久記憶。杏仁核，附著在海馬的末端，呈杏仁狀，是邊緣系統(tǒng)的一部分。是產(chǎn)生情緒，識(shí)別情緒和調(diào)節(jié)情緒，控制學(xué)習(xí)和記憶的腦部組織，而且研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，幼兒自閉癥似乎也與擴(kuò)大的杏仁核有關(guān)。科學(xué)家認(rèn)為杏仁核作為人腦中的“機(jī)動(dòng)門”扮演著社會(huì)意識(shí)以及記憶力的鏈接角色。