Ⅱ.重點句型詳解

1．Then_came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.

接著傳來了令人煩惱的消息——多莉得了重病。

(1)表示方位、時間或方式的副詞或介詞短語，如here, there, now, then, up, down, in, away, off, out, in the

room, on the wall等置于句首時，句子倒裝。

①Look, here comes the bus.看，公共汽車來了。

②Out rushed the children.孩子們沖了出去。

③There goes the bell.鈴響了。

(2)本句中的news與that Dolly had become seriously ill是同位語關(guān)系。一個名詞或代詞后面有時可接一個單詞、短

語或從句，對前者做進一步的解釋，說明它指的是誰或是什么，這就是同位語。

①We heard of the news that our team had won.

我們聽說了我們隊贏了這一消息。

②We must face the fact that we have run out of all the money.我們必須面對我們已花完了錢這一事實。

[即境活用1]　(1)In the dark forests ______， some large enough to hold several English towns.

A．stand many lakes　　　　 B．lie many lakes ? ? ??C．many lakes lie ? ? ? ? ?D．many lakes stand

答案：B

解析：表地點的介詞短語放在句首時用完全倒裝，表示某物位于某處用動詞lie.

(2)Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the class ______ he had to meet his uncle at the

airport.

A．why ? ? ? ?B．that ? ? ?C．where ? ? ? ?D．because

答案：B

解析：考查同位語從句。句意為：他沒來上課，因他必須到機場接他叔叔，沒人相信這個理由。his reason后接同位語

從句，由for being absent from the class隔開，從句是個完整的句子，故選B項。

2．Did she die young because she was a clone?

因為她是克隆的，所以才早逝了嗎？

young 為形容詞，在句中做狀語。

在描繪性文字中，形容詞(短語)或形容詞化的分詞有時起狀語作用，說明主句所述的原因、時間或主語所處境況或意義增補。

(1)表原因

表原因的形容詞(短語)或形容詞化的分詞多放在句首，句子的主語亦是其邏輯主語。表原因的形容詞(短語)相當(dāng)于原因狀

語從句。如：

Thirsty and hungry (＝As he was thirsty and hungry), he went to a farmer‘s cottage to ask for

something to eat.

由于又饑又渴，他來到一家農(nóng)舍要點吃的。

Frightened(＝Because she was frightened), she asked me to go with her.

由于害怕，她要我跟她一起去。

(2)表時間

形容詞(短語)表主語動作發(fā)生的時間，放在句首。其作用相當(dāng)于一個時間狀語從句。如：

Ripe (＝When they are ripe), the oranges taste sweet.

這些橘子熟了時，味道甜美。

(3)說明主語的境況或意義增補

形容詞(短語)表示主語所處境況或意義增補時，常放在句末。相當(dāng)于一個和前面句子并列的句子。如：

Holmes found the man lying on the floor, dead (＝and he was dead). 福爾摩斯發(fā)現(xiàn)那個人躺在地板上，死

了。

One woman was lying in bed, awake (＝and she was awake).

有位婦女醒著躺在床上。

For a moment she just stood there, unable (＝and she was unable) to believe what had just happened.

她在那兒呆呆地站了一會兒，不敢相信剛才發(fā)生的事情。

[即境活用2]　(2008?北京)After the long journey, the three of them went back home, ______.

A．hungry and tiredly ? ? ?B．hungry and tired ? ? ?C．hungrily and tiredly ? ? ? D．hungrily and tired

答案：B

解析：本題考查形容詞做狀語。