3. 推斷題
這種類型的填空題是最為常見(jiàn)的一種，它既考查要點(diǎn)細(xì)節(jié)上的內(nèi)容，又測(cè)試考生的靈活推斷能力。聽(tīng)到的內(nèi)容不可以拿來(lái)就用，需要根據(jù)所聽(tīng)的內(nèi)容和所記的筆記仔細(xì)斟酌推測(cè)，得出恰當(dāng)?shù)拇鸢?。?dāng)然只要符合原文，會(huì)有好幾個(gè)答案入選。下面是歷年考題中比較典型的推斷題。

2003年講座：
Features of the hierarchy of needs:
a) Social esteem and self-realization needs are exclusively (8) human need.
b) Needs are satisfi ed in a fi xed order from the bottom up.
c) (9) Motivation for needs comes from the lowest un-met level,
d) Different levels of needs may (10) when they come into play.
此題是典型的推斷題。在講座里只是提供一個(gè)現(xiàn)象，然后在填空題里讓考生根據(jù)推測(cè)得出確切的詞。講座里說(shuō)道：Needs at one level do not have to be completely satisfi ed before?needs at the next higher level come into play.（在下一個(gè)高階段的需求活動(dòng)開(kāi)始前，前一個(gè)階段的需求并不需要完全被滿足。）推測(cè)出來(lái)的言下之意就是兩種需求可以同時(shí)存在。根據(jù)這一理解，答案就出來(lái)了，coexist（不同的需求可以同時(shí)并存）。

2004年講座：
2. Skill to (4) listen for answers
1) don’t shift from subject to subject
— sticking to the same subject: signs of (5) in conversation
此題要求從細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容上進(jìn)行揣摩推測(cè)得出相應(yīng)的答案。講座里說(shuō)道：If someone sticks?to one topic, you can assume that he or she is really interested in it. 該句表明如果有人堅(jiān)持說(shuō)一個(gè)話題，你就可以認(rèn)為他或她真的對(duì)此有興趣。推測(cè)來(lái)看，應(yīng)該是對(duì)談話表示有興趣。所以，答案可以有多種選擇，如：interest / attention / concentration / attentiveness。

2008年講座：
A. (3) Historical reasons
— the Pilgrim Fathers brought the language to America;
— British settlers brought the language to Australia;
— English was used as a means of control in (4)

講座中說(shuō)：“the imposition of English as the one language of administration helps maintain?the colonizers’ control and power.” 英語(yǔ)作為一種行政語(yǔ)言幫助英國(guó)的殖民者鞏固其在殖民地的控制和力量。題目是：English was used as a means of control in (4) 。從需要推斷的內(nèi)容來(lái)看，英語(yǔ)作為一種在（什么地方）控制的手段？應(yīng)該是在英國(guó)的殖民地實(shí)施的控制。所以答案為British colonies。

2009年講座：
II. Presentation of an experimental report
— Prouding details;
— regarding readers as (2)

講座中說(shuō)：This means that you will need to spell out all the details and assume little?knowledge of the area on the part of your audience. 該句表明寫實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告時(shí)需要闡明所有的細(xì)節(jié)，并假設(shè)你的聽(tīng)眾對(duì)此領(lǐng)域所知甚少。由此可以推斷出答案與knowledge有關(guān)。而且，根據(jù)空格要求填寫形容詞，所以填入unknowledgeable。

2010年講座出現(xiàn)多道推斷題：
B. gesture
Gestures are related to culture.
1. British culture
— shrugging shoulders: (5)
— scratching head: puzzlement
2. other cultures
— placing hand upon heart: (6)
— pointing at nose: secret
這里的兩個(gè)空格都不能從講座原話直接得出，需要合理推斷，講座中提到：In British?English, shrugging shoulders may indicate an attitude of I don’t care or I don’t know. 我們可以從I don’t care or I don’t know推斷出聳肩要表達(dá)的態(tài)度就是無(wú)所謂或者不知道。填空題要求填入三個(gè)以內(nèi)的單詞，且空格下面一行中的puzzlement提示第五空格內(nèi)應(yīng)填入名詞，因此我們就需聯(lián)想到與don’t care 和don’t know相匹配的名詞，即indifference和lack of?knowledge。所以 (5) 空中可填入indifference或lack of knowledge。

此外，講座中提到：In other cultures placing your hand upon your heart is to indicate that?you are telling the truth，與上題一樣，空格內(nèi)需填入名詞，講真話是誠(chéng)實(shí)的表現(xiàn)，因此，(6) 空內(nèi)應(yīng)填入的單詞就是honesty（誠(chéng)實(shí)）。

2011年講座：
I. High-context culture
A. feature
— context: more important than the message
— meaning (1) (1)
i.e. more attention paid to (2) context than
to the message itself
講座論述了文化分類問(wèn)題。第一類為高語(yǔ)境文化；第二類為低語(yǔ)境文化。高語(yǔ)境文化的特征就在于信息的語(yǔ)境比信息本身更重要：A high-context culture is a culture in?which the context of the message, or the action, or an event carries a large part of its meaning?and significance. 因此答案必須包含語(yǔ)境這一概念，即：in (the) context/surroundings/environment。

2012年講座：
B. Ways to select samples in research?time sampling
— systematic: e.g. fi xed intervals every hour
— random: fi xed intervals but (3) (3)
Systematic sampling and random sampling are often used in?combination.

講座中提到隨機(jī)取樣就是指取樣的行為在一天中可以隨機(jī)分布，并不是定時(shí)取樣：
However, in random sampling, these five twenty minute periods may be distributed randomly?over the course of the day. That is to say, intervals between observation periods could vary. Some
longer, others shorter. 所以答案只要意為隨機(jī)分布即可，如not equally distributed/distributed?randomly/irregular等。

以上是一些歷年考題中典型的推斷題。這類題要求考生在做填空的時(shí)候，根據(jù)講座里相對(duì)應(yīng)的部分進(jìn)行推測(cè)揣摩，再填入概括性的單詞，恰如其分地重現(xiàn)講座的原有旨意。