THE TRANSLATOR'S CHARTER
翻譯工作者憲章

Approved by the Congress at Dubrovnik in 1963, and amended in Oslo on July 9, 1994 The International Federation of Translators
本憲章于1963年9月在杜布羅夫尼克（南斯拉夫）召開的國(guó)際翻譯工作者聯(lián)合會(huì)（國(guó)際譯聯(lián)）第四次代表大會(huì)上通過(guò)。當(dāng)時(shí)參加國(guó)際譯聯(lián)的有23個(gè)國(guó)家的翻譯工作者團(tuán)體。

Noting that translation has established itself as a permanent, universal and necessary activity in the world of today; that by making intellectual and material exchanges possible among nations it enriches their life and contributes to a better understanding amongst men; that in spite of the various circumstances under which it is practiced translation must now be recognized as a distinct and autonomous profession.
國(guó)際翻譯工作者聯(lián)合會(huì)認(rèn)為，翻譯工作在當(dāng)代世界被看作是一種經(jīng)常、普遍和必不可少的活動(dòng)形式；翻譯工作能夠使各國(guó)人民進(jìn)行精神與物質(zhì)上的交流，豐 富各國(guó)人民的生活，促進(jìn)人們之間的了解；盡管從事翻譯工作的環(huán)境各有不同，但當(dāng)前必須把翻譯工作看作是一種固定、獨(dú)立的職業(yè)。

And desiring to lay down, as a formal document, certain general principles inseparably connected with the profession of translating, particularly for the purpose of stressing the social function of translation, laying down the rights and duties of translators, laying the basis of a translator's code of ethics, improving the economic conditions and social climate in which the translator carries out his activity, and recommending certain lines of conduct for translators and their professional organizations, and to contribute in this way to the recognition of translation as a distinct and autonomous profession.
希望以正式文件的形式，闡明與翻譯工作者的職業(yè)密切相關(guān)的幾項(xiàng)共同原則，以便著重指出翻譯工作的社會(huì)職能，明確翻譯工作者的權(quán)利和義務(wù)，奠定翻譯 工作者道德規(guī)范的基礎(chǔ)，改善翻譯工作者從事翻譯工作的經(jīng)濟(jì)條件與社會(huì)環(huán)境，為翻譯工作者及其職業(yè)團(tuán)體提供某些活動(dòng)方針，借以肯定翻譯工作是一種固定、獨(dú)立 的職業(yè)。

Announced the text of a charter proposed to serve as guiding principles for the exercise of the profession of translator.
有鑒于此，國(guó)際翻譯工作者聯(lián)合會(huì)特公布本憲章，作為翻譯工作者從事翻譯活動(dòng)的指針。

SECTION I GENERAL OBLIGATIONS OF THE TRANSLATOR
第一章 翻譯工作者的義務(wù)

1. Translation, being an intellectual activity, the object of which is the transfer of literary, scientific and technical texts from one language into another, imposes on those who practice it specific obligations inherent in its very nature.
1、翻譯工作作為一種腦力勞動(dòng)其目的是將文學(xué)、科學(xué)方面的材料從一種語(yǔ)言譯成另一種語(yǔ)言，從事這一工作的人承擔(dān)著由該工作性質(zhì)產(chǎn)生的特殊義務(wù)。

2. A translation shall always be made on the sole responsibility of the translator, whatever the character of the relationship of contract which binds him/her to the user.
2、不管翻譯工作者與使用譯文的個(gè)人和機(jī)關(guān)建立的是什么關(guān)系或合同，譯文概由翻譯工作者負(fù)責(zé)。

3. The translator shall refuse to give to a text an interpretation of which he/she does not approve, or which would be contrary to the obligations of his/her profession.
3、凡是翻譯工作者不同意的或與翻譯工作者業(yè)務(wù)職責(zé)相抵觸的對(duì)原文的解釋，翻譯工作者應(yīng)該加以拒絕。

4. Every translation shall be faithful and render exactly the idea and form of the original. this fidelity constituting both a moral and legal obligation for the translator.
4、任何譯文都應(yīng)忠實(shí)于原意，準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)原文的思想和形式，遵守這種忠實(shí)的原則是翻譯工作者法律上與道德上的義務(wù)。

5. A faithful translation, however, should not be confused with a literal translation, the fidelity of a translation not excluding an adaptation to make the form, the atmosphere and deeper meaning of the work felt in another language and country.
5、然而，正確的譯文不應(yīng)同逐字翻譯混為一談，因?yàn)榉g的忠實(shí)并不排除文字上的必要改變，以便使人能夠用另一種語(yǔ)言在另一個(gè)國(guó)家體會(huì)到原作的形式、氣氛及其內(nèi)在含意。

6. The translator shall possess a sound knowledge of the language from which he/she translates and should, in particular, be a master of that into which he/she translates.
6、翻譯工作者應(yīng)通曉原文，更重要的是要精通用來(lái)進(jìn)行翻譯的語(yǔ)言。

7. He/she must likewise have a broad general knowledge and know sufficiently well the subject matter of the translation and refrain from undertaking a translation in a field beyond his competence.
7、翻譯工作者應(yīng)該知識(shí)廣博，對(duì)所譯對(duì)象應(yīng)有足夠了解，對(duì)不熟悉的工作不予承擔(dān)。

8. The translator shall refrain from any unfair competition in carrying out his profession; in particular, he/she shall strive for equitable remuneration and not accept any fee below that which may be fixed by law and regulations.
8、翻譯工作者在職業(yè)活動(dòng)中應(yīng)該不作任何不誠(chéng)實(shí)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；翻譯工作者不能接受低于法律專門決議、習(xí)慣或者他所在的職業(yè)團(tuán)體明文規(guī)定的報(bào)酬。

9. In general, he/she shall neither seek nor accept work under conditions humiliating to himself/herself or his/her profession.
9、翻譯工作者不應(yīng)該在有損于個(gè)人或職業(yè)尊嚴(yán)的條件下去尋找或接受工作。

10. The translator shall respect the legitimate interests of the user by treating as a professional secret any information which may come into his/her possession as a result of the translation entrusted to him/her.
10、翻譯工作者應(yīng)該尊重使用譯文的個(gè)人和機(jī)關(guān)的合法利益，應(yīng)將所有在從事委托給他的翻譯工作時(shí)可能得到的資料視為職業(yè)秘密。

11. Being a "secondary" author, the translator is required to accept special obligations with respect to the author of the original work.
11、翻譯工作者作為"再創(chuàng)造"的作者，對(duì)原作者負(fù)有特殊義務(wù)。

12. He/she must obtain from the author of the original work or from the user authorization to translate a work, and must furthermore respect all other rights vested in the author.
12、翻譯工作者未經(jīng)原著作者或原著所有者的允許，不得翻譯該項(xiàng)著作，同時(shí)也應(yīng)該尊重作者其他各項(xiàng)權(quán)利。

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