Many people might claim that, at least at one point in their lives, they could be classified as a “pack rat” or a “closet clutterer”. However, compulsive hoarding is an anxiety disorder that involves much more than keeping extra papers and magazines around, or collecting CDs under your desk.
相信在人生的某個(gè)階段，很多人都有愛收藏東西把家里弄成一團(tuán)亂的經(jīng)歷。我們這篇文章中提到的囤積強(qiáng)迫癥其實(shí)是一種焦慮性障礙，可遠(yuǎn)不止把多余的報(bào)紙雜志囤在家里、收集CD堆在桌子底下這么簡(jiǎn)單。

Severe compulsive hoarding can interfere with a person’s activities–such as cooking, cleaning, showering, and sleeping–because piles of newspapers or clothes are found in the sink, in the shower, on the bed, and in every corner of a home.
嚴(yán)重的囤積強(qiáng)迫癥會(huì)干擾到人們做飯、清潔和洗澡等正常生活行為，因?yàn)槟銜?huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)家里的水槽、洗澡間、床上甚至各個(gè)角落都堆滿了報(bào)紙和衣物。

The American Psychiatric Association is recognizing hoarding as a true mental disorder in its diagnostic manual being published in May, 2012. Here, then, are eight things you should know about hoarding.
美國(guó)精神病學(xué)會(huì)在2012年5月發(fā)布的診斷手冊(cè)中將囤積強(qiáng)迫癥正式確認(rèn)為精神障礙。下面是關(guān)于囤積強(qiáng)迫癥你需要了解的8件事：

1. Compulsive hoarding affects approximately 700,000 to 1.4 million people in the US.
光在美國(guó)，囤積強(qiáng)迫癥就影響了大約70萬(wàn)-140萬(wàn)的人群。

2. Compulsive hoarding is often considered a form of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) because between 18 and 42 percent of people with OCD experience some compulsion to hoard. However, compulsive hoarding can affect people who don’t have OCD.
強(qiáng)迫性囤積癥通常被認(rèn)為是強(qiáng)迫性精神障礙的一種，因?yàn)?8%-42%有強(qiáng)迫性精神障礙的人都有囤積的強(qiáng)迫性征兆。不過強(qiáng)迫性囤積癥同樣也會(huì)影響沒有強(qiáng)迫性精神障礙的人。

3. The compulsion to hoard often starts during childhood or the teen years, but doesn’t usually become severe until adulthood.
囤積強(qiáng)迫癥一般會(huì)從童年或青少年時(shí)期開始，但一般都要到成年以后才會(huì)變得比較嚴(yán)重。

4. Hoarding can be more about fear of throwing something away than about collection or saving. Thinking about discarding an item triggers anxiety in the hoarder, so she hangs on to the item to prevent angst.
囤積強(qiáng)迫癥的核心癥狀其實(shí)不是收集和節(jié)省，而是害怕把東西丟掉。對(duì)于愛囤積東西的人們來(lái)說(shuō)，對(duì)丟棄物品的顧慮會(huì)觸發(fā)焦慮心理，所以她為了防止焦慮，她可能會(huì)一直保留該物品不丟棄。

5. Many hoarders are perfectionists. They fear making the wrong decision about what to keep and what to throw out, so they keep everything.
很多愛囤積東西的人都是完美主義者。在到底什么該保留什么該丟掉的問題上，他們害怕做錯(cuò)誤的決定，所以他們會(huì)把什么保留下來(lái)。

6. Compulsive hoarders rarely recognize their problem. Generally, only after the hoarding becomes a problem with other family members is the problem discussed.
患有囤積強(qiáng)迫癥的人們基本不會(huì)意識(shí)到自己有這方面的毛病。通常只有當(dāng)家里囤積的東西太多，影響到其他家庭成員的正常生活時(shí)，人們才會(huì)正視和討論這個(gè)問題。

7. Compulsive hoarding can be difficult to control. It is usually treated in the same way OCD is. However, compulsive hoarding doesn’t usually respond as well as other kinds of OCD.
囤積強(qiáng)迫癥很難控制，一般的治療方案與強(qiáng)迫性精神障礙的相同，但治療效果不如其他強(qiáng)迫性精神障礙的好。

8. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) may be more effective for compulsive hoarding than medications, especially when it involves a therapist going into the home of the hoarder and helps her to develop habits and a consistent behavioral program to try to de-clutter her home, car, and life.
對(duì)于強(qiáng)迫性囤積癥來(lái)說(shuō)，認(rèn)知行為療法比藥物治療要更有效。通常需要治療師去到患者也就是愛囤積物品的人家中，幫助她培養(yǎng)習(xí)慣，進(jìn)行一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期堅(jiān)持的行為項(xiàng)目，來(lái)整理家里車?yán)锏奈锲罚屔罡袟l理化。