小編前言：閱讀是四級(jí)英語中重要的得分點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)，對(duì)長難句的分析則決定了對(duì)閱讀的徹底理解，也是學(xué)習(xí)語法，積累高級(jí)詞匯、句型不可或缺的來源。而四級(jí)英語真題閱讀部分均選自Times、Telegraph等著名外文報(bào)紙及雜志，其行文和詞匯原汁原味，值得考生細(xì)細(xì)品味和靈活借鑒。準(zhǔn)備2013年12月英語四級(jí)的同學(xué)們，還等什么？趕快學(xué)起來吧！同時(shí)，歡迎各位考生針對(duì)例句的翻譯及分析給出自己的理解哦！

1. It seems simple enough to distinguish between the organism and the surrounding environment and to separate forces acting on an organism into those that are internal and biological and those that areexternal and environmental. (1996. 閱讀. Text 3)
【譯文】區(qū)分有機(jī)體和周圍環(huán)境，以及分辨作用于有機(jī)體的各種力是生物內(nèi)部的力還是來自外部環(huán)境的，似乎十分簡單。
【析句】句子的主干結(jié)構(gòu)是It seems simple to distinguish between...and...and to seperate...into..., it形式主語，真正的主語是動(dòng)詞不定式。forces acting on an organism中，acting為現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，相當(dāng)于that are。those后that引導(dǎo)定語從句，and連接并列的those+定語從句結(jié)構(gòu)。

2. If we look at man as an animal and try to analyze the environmental forces that are acting on the organism, we find that we have to deal with things like climate, soil, plants, and such like factors common to all biological situations; but we also find, always, very important environmental influences that we can only class as “cultural”, which modify the physical and biological factors. (1996. 閱讀. Text 3)
【譯文】如果我們將人類看作動(dòng)物并嘗試分析環(huán)境對(duì)有機(jī)體的影響，那么我們不得不考慮氣候、土壤、植物等一些對(duì)于所有生物環(huán)境來說共同的要素；但我們也發(fā)現(xiàn)，被定義為“文化”的環(huán)境影響始終非常重要，它可以改變物理和生物因素。
【析句】本例句有兩個(gè)復(fù)合句的分句構(gòu)成，以分號(hào)為界。前句If we look at man...and try to analyze...為條件狀語從句，從句中含有that引導(dǎo)定語從句，主句為we find that+賓語從句；后句中，主句we find environmental influences very important,environmental influences后是that引導(dǎo)定語從句，為避免句子頭重腳輕，將always important提前，并起到了強(qiáng)調(diào)作用，最后，which modify...是非限制性定語從句，修飾前面整句話。

3. Since this concern about the decline and fall of the English language is not perceived as a generational phenomenon but rather as something new and peculiar to today's young people, it naturally follows that today's English teachers cannot be doing their jobs. (1996. 閱讀. Text 4)
【譯文】既然這種對(duì)于英語語言的衰退的擔(dān)憂并不被看作一代人的現(xiàn)象，而是特指對(duì)于今天的年輕人的新現(xiàn)象，因此可以很自然地認(rèn)為是現(xiàn)在的英語老師教得不好。
【析句】主句it naturally follows that...,it形式主語，that引導(dǎo)主句從句；從句較長，但結(jié)構(gòu)不難since this concern about... is not perceived as...but rather as...,since引導(dǎo)讓步主語從句，從句中包含短語perceive...as的被動(dòng)形式和not...but rather...。

本文句子翻譯及解析為滬江英語原創(chuàng)，轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明出處。