【練習】

Dinosaurs, saber-tooth tigers and the dodo bird are famous examples __1

of animals that have become extinct. In case of the dinosaurs, it __2

seems likely that a catastrophic event alters the global climate __3

enough to lead to their disappearance. More recent extinctions　and near-extinctions－such as the blue whales, tiger, panda, and __4

North American bison—have been the direct result of human activity. By the early 1990s, species were becoming extinct at a rate of three per hour, or 27,000 every day – a figure quoted by the American biologist Edward O.Wilson of Harvard University, based on his　most conservative estimates. This rate of extinctions carries with　it some terrible consequences. Each plant that becomes extinct,for example, may take with it as much as 30 insects and animals __5

that depend on it for food. Habitat loss is one of the most important causes of extinction. For rising populations in many countries __6

lead to the clearing of more land, habitats such as raining forest __7

and grasslands disappear.

In the East Africa, once renowned for its wildlife, few wild animals __8

remain living outside the boundaries of national parks and game __9

reserves. In other parts of the world, coastal ecosystems are clearing __10

for development. Wetland areas are drying out as a result of water extraction to support farming and tourism. Bird species are among　the worst affected by the loss of wetlands.

【答案】

1. saber-tooth—saber-toothed

如果是“形容詞+名詞”作前置修飾語，那么名詞要加-ed。

2. ^case—the

in case of 和 in the case of 的意思是不同的，前者的意思是“萬一”，后者的意思是“在……的情況中”。

3. alters—altered

這里談的是恐龍滅絕的時期，所以時間是過去。

4. whales—whale

定冠詞＋可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù) 是特指，所以the blue whales是特指，但是上下文并沒有提及特定的藍鯨，所以從整個句子的意思來看，這里是指物種，是類指，所以應該用“定冠詞＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”形式。

5. much—many

insects and animals 是可數(shù)名詞，所以應該說as many as。

6. For—As/Since

盡管for作為連詞可以引導原因狀語分句，但是它一般不放在句首。

7. raining—rain

rain forest，指熱帶雨林。

8. the去掉

East Africa是專有名詞。

9. living—alive

remain是系動詞，后面的形容詞是主語補足語，living不能作主語補足語。

10. clearing—cleared

這里需要用被動語態(tài)。

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