【新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)】(第二冊(cè))Unit 6 B 菜單(2/4)
來(lái)源:滬江聽(tīng)寫(xiě)酷
2013-05-26 08:15
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National Restaurant Association
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For the most part, however, menu decoration followed the art movements of the time. The highly decorated late 19th century menus, which were influenced by Victorian art, gave way to modern art in the 20th century. Developments with graphics and printing allowed distinctive menu cover art.
By the 1930s, the menu was seen as a part of the restaurant's plan to create a memorable meal. It could develop an appetite, tell a joke, explain a food item, create a mood, tell something of the history of the restaurant, and, above all, sell some food. Restaurant trade publications encouraged the use of the menu as part of the business strategy, and the National Restaurant Association promoted effective menu graphics in its annual competition of best menus in the nation. Its guidelines for judging included (One) originality. (Two) legibility, (Three) ease of handling, and (Four) sales effectiveness.
然而,多數(shù)情況下,菜單的裝飾風(fēng)格是隨著時(shí)代的藝術(shù)潮流而變化的。19世紀(jì)后期的菜單,受維多利亞時(shí)代藝術(shù)的影響,裝飾華麗,到了20世紀(jì)就被現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)所取代。平面造型藝術(shù)與印刷術(shù)的發(fā)展使得頗具特色的菜單封面藝術(shù)得以發(fā)展。
到了20世紀(jì)30年代,餐館為打造令人難忘的美餐,把菜單看作是實(shí)施這種計(jì)劃的一部分。菜單可以引起食欲,講個(gè)笑話,介紹某食品,創(chuàng)造一種氛圍,講述一點(diǎn)飯店的歷史,而且最重要的是,推銷(xiāo)菜肴。餐飲業(yè)的出版物則鼓勵(lì)把菜單作為經(jīng)營(yíng)策略的一部分。全國(guó)餐飲協(xié)會(huì)每年舉辦全國(guó)最優(yōu)秀菜單競(jìng)賽,屆時(shí)會(huì)有效地促進(jìn)菜單平面造型藝術(shù)的發(fā)展。指導(dǎo)這種評(píng)比的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)包括(1)有創(chuàng)意(2)清晰易讀(3)使用方便(4)銷(xiāo)售效果好。
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