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29s,79s處有破折號(hào)
44s處有一冒號(hào)
Pierre Salinger
California


Self-image is the picture you have of yourself, the sort of person you believe you are. Included in your self-image are the categories in which you place yourself, the roles you play and other similar descriptors you use to identify yourself. If you tell an acquaintance you are a grandfather who recently lost his wife and who does volunteer work on weekends, several elements of your self-image are brought to light — the roles of grandparent, widower and conscientious citizen. But self-image is more than how you picture yourself; it also involves how others see you. Three types of feedback from others are indicative of how they see us: conformation, rejection, and disconfirmation. Conformation occurs when others treat you in a manner consistent with who you believe you are.You believe you have leadership abilities and your boss put you in charge of a new work team. On the other hand, rejection occurs when others treat you in a manner that is inconsistent with yourself definition. Pierre Salinger was appointed senator from California, but subsequently lost his first election. He thought he was a good public official, but the voters obviously thought otherwise — Their vote was inconsistent with his self-concept. The third type of feedback is disconfirmation, which occurs when others fail to respond to your notion of self by responding neutrally. A student writes what he thinks is an excellent composition, but the teacher writes no encouraging remarks. Rather than relying on how others classify you, consider how you identify yourself. The way in which you identify yourself is the best reflection of your self-image.
自我形象是你自己的印象,你覺(jué)得你是什么樣的人。包括在 你的自我形象中你將自己歸到什么類(lèi)別。你過(guò)去常常將你所 扮演的角色和其他類(lèi)似的描述來(lái)定義你自己。如果你告訴一 個(gè)熟人你最近失去了妻子且在周末做義工的祖父,你的自我 形象中的每個(gè)元素會(huì)點(diǎn)亮它----祖父母的角色鰥夫和認(rèn)真負(fù) 責(zé)的市民。 但是自我形象不僅僅是你對(duì)自己的想象,也包含了別人是如 何看待你的。這里有三種類(lèi)型的來(lái)自他人的反饋,這些反饋 是陳述性的,別人如何看待我們的:一致、拒絕、不確定。 一致出現(xiàn)在其他人用一致的方式對(duì)待你認(rèn)為自己是那種類(lèi)型 的的人。你認(rèn)為你有領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力,你的老板讓你去管理你一個(gè) 新的工作團(tuán)隊(duì)。另一方面,拒絕出現(xiàn)在當(dāng)其他人接受了你自 己的定義卻采用不一致的方式對(duì)待你。Pierre Salinger是從 加利福尼亞來(lái)的參議員,但是卻輸了他的第一次選舉卻輸了 。他認(rèn)為他是一個(gè)優(yōu)秀的政府工作人員,但是投票者顯然不 這么認(rèn)為----他們的投票與他的自我定義不同。第三種反饋 類(lèi)型是不確定,出現(xiàn)在當(dāng)其他人沒(méi)有成功地回應(yīng)你的自我觀 點(diǎn)并保持中立。一個(gè)學(xué)生寫(xiě)了他認(rèn)為很優(yōu)秀的作文,但是老 師沒(méi)有寫(xiě)下任何鼓勵(lì)的評(píng)價(jià)。而不是取決于其他人如何將你 分類(lèi),考慮你是如何定義你自己的。你定義你自己的方法是 對(duì)自我形象的最好反映。(寫(xiě)的不是很好···) ——譯文來(lái)自: xiaoweizhuan