1. Computer
1.計(jì)算機(jī)

Computer goes back over 400 years. Computer referring to the ‘electronic device (or system of devices) which is used to store, manipulate, and communicate information’ isn’t found until the 1940s, but computer as a machine for performing calculations dates to 1869, according to current OED research.
Computer這詞有400多年的歷史，直至二十世紀(jì)四十年代，computer才意為用于信息儲(chǔ)存、操作和交流的電子設(shè)備（或系統(tǒng)設(shè)備），但根據(jù)牛津英語(yǔ)字典最近做的調(diào)查，computer意指能進(jìn)行運(yùn)算的機(jī)器可追溯到1869年。

2. Email
2. 郵件

The term for messages sent via the Internet (or a system for sending these messages) comes from the late 1970s; it is the obsolete email meaning ‘enamel’ that is found as far back as 1594, from the (still current) French word émail, ‘enamel’.
這個(gè)詞匯起源于二十世紀(jì)七十年代末，指通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)發(fā)送出去的信息（或用來(lái)發(fā)送這些信息的系統(tǒng)）。而email之前還意為琺瑯（enamel），人們發(fā)現(xiàn)它的這層含義最遠(yuǎn)能追溯到1594年，來(lái)源于現(xiàn)在仍在使用的法語(yǔ)單詞émail（英文單詞為enamel）。

3. Punk
3. 朋克

The word punk first entered the mainstream thanks to the punk rock music scene in the 1970s. Punk had already had a long and varied history, though. It is first found in the 16th century, designating a prostitute. After this, it had various different sexual connotations. Later still it was used of a coward, and an amateur, before being reclaimed and celebrated by rebellious 1970s music fans.
多虧了二十世紀(jì)七十年代的朋克音樂(lè)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，punk一詞第一次進(jìn)入主流視野。然而它在那之前卻已經(jīng)有一段漫長(zhǎng)曲折的歷史。Punk最早出現(xiàn)于16世紀(jì)，意指妓女。在此之后，它曾意指許多不同的性暗示。在二十世紀(jì)七十年代的音樂(lè)迷抗議著要為punk重新定義、慶祝其新含義前，它仍被用來(lái)形容膽小者和業(yè)余愛(ài)好者。

4.?Crib
4. 嬰兒床

The earliest sense of crib is a ‘barred receptacle for fodder used in cowsheds’. More surprisingly, the informal use of crib, chiefly North American, to mean ‘a(chǎn) person’s apartment or house’ has a long heritage. Shakespeare himself used crib to mean ‘a(chǎn) small habitation’ or a confined space, in Henry IV, Part 2: ‘Why rather, sleep, liest thou in smoky cribs, Upon uneasy pallets stretching thee and hushed with buzzing night-flies to thy slumber, than in the perfumed chambers of the great, under the canopies of costly state, And lulled with sounds of sweetest melody?’.
Crib最早指牛棚里裝飼料的木制容器。而更出人意料的是，crib主要在北美的非正式用法（取公寓或房子之意）由來(lái)已久。莎翁自己就在《亨利四世》的第二部分用crib指代小住處/密閉的空間——“為什么睡眠，你寧愿棲身在煙熏的茅屋里，在不舒適的草薦上伸展你的肢體，讓嗡嗡作聲的蚊蟲(chóng)催著你入夢(mèng)，卻不愿偃息在煙霧氤氳的王侯的深宮之中，在華貴的寶帳之下，讓最甜美的樂(lè)聲把你陶醉？”

5. Hobbit
5. 霍比特人

Earlier than The Hobbit (1937), hobbit (or hobbet) – albeit with an entirely different etymology – was used to mean ‘a(chǎn) seed-basket’ or a local measure meaning two of something; these uses date as far back as 1863, according to OED research.
盡管詞源迥異，Hobbit/ hobbet在1937年小說(shuō)《霍比特人》出版前指種子盆栽或是當(dāng)?shù)赜脕?lái)指代一些事物中某兩個(gè)的方法。據(jù)牛津英語(yǔ)字典的調(diào)查顯示，這些用法最早能追溯到1863年。

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