One of the best ways to help improve fluency is to speak about subjects you know well. Speaking about what you know, you'll tend to take more risks as you've probably picked up related vocabulary along the way due to your interest in the topic. Even if you don't know all the jargon, you'll certainly be able to try out some new vocabulary you'll have seen on numerous occasions. Speaking about something you are "expert" at builds confidence because you won't have to search for the right terminology.
幫助提高流利性的最佳途徑之一，就是談?wù)撃闼煜さ脑掝}。談?wù)撃闶煜さ脑掝}，你就更有可能選擇相關(guān)詞匯、因?yàn)槟銓?duì)這個(gè)話題感興趣。即使你不了解所有的行業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)，你也會(huì)嘗試一些你在許多場(chǎng)合看到過(guò)的新詞匯。而談?wù)撘恍┠惴浅Ｉ瞄L(zhǎng)的東西，可以幫助你樹(shù)立信心，因?yàn)槟悴槐嘏ふ艺_的術(shù)語(yǔ)。

This boost in confidence can lead to a virtuous cycle: The more I speak, the more I'm willing to make mistakes, the more my English improves, which leads to a willingness to speak more, etc.
這種信心的提升會(huì)產(chǎn)生一個(gè)良性循環(huán)：我說(shuō)的越多，就越愿意犯錯(cuò)，英語(yǔ)水平也能得到更大的提升，這也促使了我更愿意說(shuō)。

The Virtuous Cycle
良性循環(huán)

A virtuous cycle is a process through which you steadily improve over time. Think of improving your English fluency as not going from point A to point B, but, rather, like a spiral that grows over time as in the graphic. You'll start off slowly, but you'll expand, you will become more fluent, which will lead you to want to speak more and so on. The key to improving fluency is to grow slowly over time and take time for the process.
良性循環(huán)是一個(gè)潛移默化、逐步提高的過(guò)程。想提高英語(yǔ)流利程度不是從A到B那么容易，這更像是隨時(shí)間變化而變化的螺旋形圖形。開(kāi)始的時(shí)候會(huì)很慢，但隨著開(kāi)口增多、你會(huì)講得越來(lái)越流利，而這也會(huì)促使你更愿意開(kāi)口。改善口語(yǔ)流利程度的方法，就是隨著時(shí)間慢慢提高、并且花費(fèi)時(shí)間去改善。

It doesn't happen over night, so you need to have the right attitude: I'm going to make mistakes, and I'll learn from them.
這個(gè)過(guò)程不是一下子就發(fā)生了，所以你需要保持正確的態(tài)度：我會(huì)犯錯(cuò)，并從中吸取教訓(xùn)。

Conversations are a River
談話像是一條河流

Good conversations flow like a river. They go from this topic to that topic, nothing is forced. If you listen to closely to yourself, or are constantly thinking "Is this right?", you'll block the flow of the river. It sounds simplistic, but I've noticed it to be absolutely true. Even if you have difficulties finding the right words, take your time, find the words and participate. Don't criticize yourself.?
良好的對(duì)話就像一條河流，從一個(gè)話題到另一個(gè)話題，沒(méi)有什么阻礙如果你過(guò)于傾聽(tīng)自己說(shuō)的，或者反復(fù)思考“這樣說(shuō)對(duì)嗎？”，你就會(huì)阻礙這條河流的進(jìn)程。這聽(tīng)起來(lái)很簡(jiǎn)單，但我意識(shí)到它絕對(duì)是正確的。即使你在尋找正確的詞匯上有困難，你也慢慢來(lái)，找到那個(gè)單詞并且參與到對(duì)話中。不要批評(píng)自己。

Here's a way to think about improving your fluency through conversation.
這是一個(gè)通過(guò)交談去思考提高流利度的方法。

1.Trust yourself to speak.
1.相信自己可以說(shuō)。

2.Make a number of mistakes, but continue the conversation.
2.在對(duì)話中犯一些錯(cuò)誤，但還是要把對(duì)話繼續(xù)下去。

3.Listen to your partner speak on the same subject.?
3.傾聽(tīng)你同伴對(duì)相同話題的表達(dá)方式。

4.Notice differences between the vocabulary you've used, and the vocabulary your partner has used.?
4.注意你和你同伴各自使用的詞匯之間的差別。

5.Compare the differences and consider the following questions:?
5.對(duì)比差異，思考以下問(wèn)題：

(1) Can you pick up any new vocabulary?
(1)你可以習(xí)得這些新詞匯嗎？

(2) Were there any differences in the way your partner used the expressions?
(2)你同伴的表達(dá)方式有什么不同？

(3) Why were there differences??
(3)為何會(huì)有不同？

(4) Were they differences in grammar usage?
(4)這些區(qū)別是語(yǔ)法運(yùn)用方面的嗎？

6.If you are speaking with native speakers, pay special attention to small things like the preposition used in a phrasal verb.?
6.如果你和英語(yǔ)母語(yǔ)人士交談，要特別注意小細(xì)節(jié)，比如用在動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)前的介詞。

7.Start to change your own expressions using the knowledge you've gained.?
7.開(kāi)始運(yùn)用你學(xué)到的知識(shí)改變你的表達(dá)方式。

This process takes place naturally, but thinking about this process consciously will help you make it part of your English learning process. Once you've done this, your English will improve much more rapidly. However, it takes time, so have patience and trust yourself!
這個(gè)過(guò)程是自然而然發(fā)生的，但有意識(shí)地思考這個(gè)過(guò)程，會(huì)幫助你把它變成你英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中的一部分。一旦這樣做了，你的英語(yǔ)能更快地提高。不過(guò)，這很花時(shí)間，所以保持耐心和信心！

I Don't Want to Speak until I'm Perfect OR I'll Make Too Many Mistakes!
我不想說(shuō)英語(yǔ)，直到我（的英語(yǔ)）已經(jīng)很完美，否則我會(huì)犯很多錯(cuò)誤！

Many students who are unsure may feel like they shouldn't speak until everything's just right. Or, perhaps they feel that they'll make too many mistakes. For me, there's no such thing as too many mistakes. The more mistakes you make, the better - if you pay attention.
很多不自信的學(xué)生可能會(huì)覺(jué)得，在英語(yǔ)沒(méi)有達(dá)到很棒的時(shí)候，他們不應(yīng)該開(kāi)口說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。或者說(shuō)，可能他們覺(jué)得會(huì)犯很多錯(cuò)誤。于我而言，不可能不犯錯(cuò)。你越犯錯(cuò)越好，前提是如果你關(guān)注了（這些錯(cuò)誤）。

Attitude is Everything
態(tài)度決定一切

If you worry about making too many mistakes, you're not paying attention to improving your English. By taking your attention off your own mistakes, and comparing your English to your partner's you'll become more relaxed and better able to speak English.?
如果你（一直）擔(dān)心犯太多錯(cuò)誤，你就不會(huì)關(guān)注提高英語(yǔ)。把你的注意力從自己的錯(cuò)誤上轉(zhuǎn)移開(kāi)，去對(duì)比你和他人英語(yǔ)（表達(dá)方法）的區(qū)別，你會(huì)變得更輕松，更能夠說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。

Putting the Process into Practice
把這個(gè)過(guò)程付諸實(shí)踐

Choose a topic in which you are an expert. Something you really love to do, a place you enjoy visiting, anything you're interested in. Find a partner, and talk like the expert you are. It'll build confidence and you can put some of these ideas to practice because you'll be more relaxed.?
選擇一個(gè)你非常擅長(zhǎng)的話題，你喜歡做的事情、你喜歡的地方、任何你感興趣的東西。找一個(gè)同伴，和你談?wù)撓嗤瞄L(zhǎng)的話題。這會(huì)樹(shù)立信心，你也能把這些方法運(yùn)用到實(shí)踐中，因?yàn)槟愀械礁虞p松。

聲明：本雙語(yǔ)文章的中文翻譯系滬江英語(yǔ)原創(chuàng)內(nèi)容，轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明出處。中文翻譯僅代表譯者個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)，僅供參考。如有不妥之處，歡迎指正。