六、切實(shí)加強(qiáng)政府自身建設(shè)
VI. Improving Government

我們要全面推進(jìn)依法治國(guó)，加快建設(shè)法治政府、創(chuàng)新政府、廉潔政府和服務(wù)型政府，增強(qiáng)政府執(zhí)行力和公信力，促進(jìn)國(guó)家治理體系和治理能力現(xiàn)代化。
We will fully promote the law-based governance of the country; move more swiftly to build an innovative, clean, service-oriented rule of law government; enhance the government’s administrative capacity and public credibility; and modernize China’s governance system and capacity for governance.

這部分文本主要涉及法律與行政方面，難度較大，很多“術(shù)語(yǔ)”官方和學(xué)界都暫時(shí)找不到太完美的譯法。二級(jí)筆譯考過(guò)中國(guó)的法律體系，考到了很多專(zhuān)業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)，出處是前一年的白皮書(shū)。所以白皮書(shū)和政府工作報(bào)告很重要。

依法治國(guó) the law-based governance of the country
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? the law-based governance of China
法治政府 law government / law-based government
執(zhí)行力 administrative capacity
治理能力 capacity for governance

【“法治政府”，law-based government 或者rule of law government均可，在表述中國(guó)官方文獻(xiàn)時(shí)前者更通用。government that is ruled by law[51]過(guò)于冗長(zhǎng)，不適合作為術(shù)語(yǔ)。government of law(s) 修辭色彩較強(qiáng)，不適合于法律條文、政府報(bào)告等】

堅(jiān)持依憲施政，依法行政，把政府工作全面納入法治軌道。憲法是我們根本的活動(dòng)準(zhǔn)則，各級(jí)政府及其工作人員都必須嚴(yán)格遵守。
We will exercise governance in accordance with the Constitution and other laws and bring all government work in line with the rule of law.

The Constitution is the fundamental guide on which our every action should be based; governments at all levels and their employees must faithfully observe it.


施政 exercise governance
各級(jí) at all levels
根本準(zhǔn)則 the fundamental guide
嚴(yán)格遵守 faithfully observe （observe 除了觀察也表示遵守、見(jiàn)證）
政府及其工作人員 governments and their employees
(這句employee 用得真好，臨時(shí)工也可以算進(jìn)去)

要尊法學(xué)法守法用法，依法全面履行職責(zé)，所有行政行為都要于法有據(jù)，任何政府部門(mén)都不得法外設(shè)權(quán)。
We must respect, study, abide by, and apply the law, and fully perform our duties in accordance with it. All government activities must have a legal basis, and no government body may assume any power which is not provided for by law.

尊法學(xué)法守法用法 respect, study, abide by, and apply the law
（注意冠詞）
履行職責(zé) perform duties
行政行為 government activities
于法有據(jù) have a legal basis
法外設(shè)權(quán) assume any power which is not provided for by law

深化行政執(zhí)法體制改革，嚴(yán)格規(guī)范公正文明執(zhí)法，加快推進(jìn)綜合執(zhí)法，全面落實(shí)行政執(zhí)法責(zé)任制。
We will deepen reform of the administrative law enforcement system, enforce the law in a strict, well-regulated, impartial, and appropriate manner, press ahead with coordinated law enforcement, and fully implement the accountability system for administrative law enforcement.

執(zhí)法這個(gè)詞因?yàn)槁?tīng)得太多，有時(shí)候反而忽略了它的本來(lái)含義。按理論來(lái)講，政府的任何行為都應(yīng)該是法律條文的具體體現(xiàn)，也就是法律執(zhí)行，施行法律，所以英語(yǔ)是 law enforcement。然后是立法、司法，基本上就是這三大塊，都和法律緊密相連。很多人經(jīng)常誤以為法院、檢察院也屬于政府，其實(shí)理論上并不是。

行政執(zhí)法體制 the administrative law enforcement system
嚴(yán)格規(guī)范公正文明 strict, well-regulated, impartial, and appropriate
綜合執(zhí)法

一切違法違規(guī)的行為都要追究，一切執(zhí)法不嚴(yán)不公的現(xiàn)象都必須糾正。
We must see to it that all violations of laws and regulations are investigated and prosecuted, and all failures to strictly and impartially enforce the law are rectified.

追究 investigate and prosecute
糾正 rectify

這里的公正的是 impartial，要和公平 fair 區(qū)分開(kāi)。fair 側(cè)重物質(zhì)均衡； impartial 則是正直，不偏不倚，也特別強(qiáng)調(diào)不帶感情色彩。

堅(jiān)持創(chuàng)新管理，強(qiáng)化服務(wù)，著力提高政府效能。提供基本公共服務(wù)盡量采用購(gòu)買(mǎi)服務(wù)方式，第三方可提供的事務(wù)性管理服務(wù)交給市場(chǎng)或社會(huì)去辦。
We will develop new ways of conducting regulation, strengthen services, and work to improve government performance.

In basic public services, we need to do all we can to use service procurement as the means of provision, and routine services that can be provided by a third party should be handed over to the market or society.


創(chuàng)新管理 develop new ways of conducting regulation
政府效能 government performance
購(gòu)買(mǎi)服務(wù) service procurement
交給 hand over to

Provision 提供/供給
The department is responsible for the provision of residential care services.
該部門(mén)負(fù)責(zé)住宿照顧服務(wù)的提供。

積極推進(jìn)決策科學(xué)化民主化，重視發(fā)揮智庫(kù)作用。全面實(shí)行政務(wù)公開(kāi)，推廣電子政務(wù)和網(wǎng)上辦事。
We will work to ensure decisions are made in a sound and democratic way and place importance on the role of think tanks. We will fully put into practice transparency in government affairs and promote the use of e-government and online administration.

科學(xué)化民主化 in a sound and democratic way
智庫(kù) think tanks
行政務(wù)公開(kāi) transparency in government affairs
電子政務(wù) e-government

各級(jí)政府要自覺(jué)接受同級(jí)人大及其常委會(huì)的監(jiān)督，接受人民政協(xié)的民主監(jiān)督，認(rèn)真聽(tīng)取人大代表、民主黨派、工商聯(lián)、無(wú)黨派人士和各人民團(tuán)體的意見(jiàn)。
All levels of governments must actively accept oversight by people’s congresses and their standing committees at their respective administrative level; accept the democratic oversight of CPPCC committees; and earnestly solicit the views of deputies to people’s congresses, non-CPC parties, federations of industry and commerce, public figures without party affiliation, and people’s organizations.

自覺(jué)接受······監(jiān)督 actively accept oversight by
民主監(jiān)督 the democratic oversight
聽(tīng)取·····意見(jiàn) solicit the views of
人大代表 deputies to people’s congresses
民主黨派 non-CPC parties
無(wú)黨派人士 public figures without party affiliation

我們的所有工作都要全面接受人民的監(jiān)督，充分體現(xiàn)人民的意愿。
All our work must be subject to the people’s oversight and be done in the way they expect it to be done.

接受·····監(jiān)督 be subject to the oversight ?