一般過(guò)去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)所表示的動(dòng)作都發(fā)生在過(guò)去,那么這兩種時(shí)態(tài)有什么區(qū)別呢?
①一般過(guò)去時(shí)與具體的表示過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)如：yesterday連用；強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作在過(guò)去發(fā)生,與現(xiàn)在無(wú)關(guān).
②現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與自已的特征詞連用,強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響或過(guò)去開(kāi)始發(fā)生一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作.
例：He saw the film last night. (過(guò)去時(shí),表示他昨晚看過(guò)那部電影了,現(xiàn)在不知還要不要再看一次)
? ? ? He has (ever) seen the film before.（現(xiàn)在\完成時(shí),表時(shí)他已看過(guò)那部電影,現(xiàn)在不想再看了）
? 用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句型
1）It is the first / second time…. that…結(jié)構(gòu)中的從句部分,用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí).
　 ?It is the first time that I have visited the city.
　 ?It was the third time that the boy had been late.
2）This is the… that…結(jié)構(gòu),that 從句要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí).
　 ?This is the best film that I've (ever) seen.這是我看過(guò)的最好的電影.
　 ?This is the first time (that) I've heard him sing.　這是我第一次聽(tīng)他唱歌.
1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不能單獨(dú)與準(zhǔn)確時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，（如表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)）如yesterday(morning、afternoon),last(morning、afternoon）等，除非與for,since連用.
2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)往往同表示不確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用如already（肯定句中），yet（否定，疑問(wèn)，句末），just,before,recently,still,lately,never等
? ?He has already obtained a scholarship.他已經(jīng)獲得了一份獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。
? ?I haven't seen much of him recently (lately).我已經(jīng)很久沒(méi)有看到他（最近的）。