本文選自吳應(yīng)時(shí)主編的《大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)閱讀真題精讀——晨讀伴侶》。本書(shū)對(duì)歷年國(guó)家大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)考試（CET-6）的仔細(xì)閱讀部分進(jìn)行了詳盡而精準(zhǔn)的分析、翻譯和注釋?zhuān)瑢?duì)四六級(jí)考生有著事半功倍的效果，對(duì)提升整體英語(yǔ)能力也很有幫助。

學(xué)習(xí)導(dǎo)讀：

海龜，雖然壽命很長(zhǎng)，但并不是每只都有機(jī)會(huì)活這么長(zhǎng)。能夠出生已經(jīng)不簡(jiǎn)單了，而這還得靠志愿者的幫助，接下來(lái)在海中的成長(zhǎng)才是挑戰(zhàn)。原來(lái)，人類(lèi)以為的長(zhǎng)壽動(dòng)物也如此不易。對(duì)于海龜是這樣，其實(shí)對(duì)于我們來(lái)說(shuō)更是這樣的。來(lái)看看這篇文章是如何把“丑陋”的海龜與長(zhǎng)盛不衰的環(huán)保話(huà)題聯(lián)系起來(lái)的吧。

[For hundreds of millions of years], turtles have struggled out of the sea [to lay their eggs] [on sandy beaches], [long before there were nature documentaries?1to celebrate them, or GPS satellites?2?and marine biologists to track them, or volunteers to hand-carry the hatchlings down to the water’s edge] [lest they become disoriented?3?[by headlights] and crawl?4?towards a motel parking lot [instead].] A formidable?5?wall (of bureaucracy?6) has been erected?7?to protect their prime?8nesting [on the Atlantic coastlines]. [With all that attention paid to them], you’d think these creatures would [at least] have the gratitude?9?[not] (to go extinct?10).
億萬(wàn)年以來(lái)，海龜們?yōu)榱说缴碁┥袭a(chǎn)卵都掙扎著從海里爬出來(lái)。那時(shí)候還沒(méi)有自然記錄片來(lái)記錄它們的活動(dòng)，沒(méi)有GPS衛(wèi)星和海洋生物學(xué)家跟蹤它們，也沒(méi)有志愿者用手把幼龜放到水邊，以防它們被照明燈弄得迷失方向，反而爬進(jìn)旅館的停車(chē)場(chǎng)。官方已經(jīng)發(fā)布命令給海龜在大西洋沿岸的筑巢地豎起了保護(hù)屏障。在這么多的關(guān)注下，你可能會(huì)認(rèn)為海龜們至少該為自己免于滅絕而表示感激。

注：1. documentary adj. 文獻(xiàn)的。例：

The importance of documentary veracity cannot be ignored.
文獻(xiàn)精確的重要性不能被忽略。

n. 紀(jì)錄片。文中此意。例：

He had accused a man of murdering his two sons after seeing a TV documentary.
他指控一個(gè)人在看了電視紀(jì)錄片后謀殺了他的兩個(gè)兒子。

[選自:BBC: NEWS | Health | Clark doctor decision challenged]

2. satellite ?n.衛(wèi)星，人造衛(wèi)星。例：

Since the advent of satellite and cable TV, viewers have been turning away from traditional broadcasters.
由于衛(wèi)星和有線(xiàn)電視的出現(xiàn)，觀眾漸漸的不用傳統(tǒng)廣播了。

[選自: BBC: NEWS | Business | Q&A: What lies ahead for ITV?]

v. 通過(guò)衛(wèi)星傳播

3. disoriented adj. 迷失方向的；感到糊涂的。例：

But that day I was totally disoriented even though I was standing right in front of the shop windows.
但是那一天我完全迷失了方向，即使我正站在商店櫥窗前。

[選自: FORBES: The Day We Lost Our Innocence]

4. crawl vi. 蠕動(dòng)，爬行；緩慢地行進(jìn)。文中此意。例：

The lovely baby crawl towards his father.
可愛(ài)的小寶寶向他的爸爸爬去。

When he was learning to crawl, the boy began developing ugly, purple bruises around his joints.
學(xué)習(xí)爬行時(shí),男孩開(kāi)始變得愈發(fā)丑陋，關(guān)節(jié)周?chē)际亲仙酿鰝?/div>

[選自: CNN: MAGAZINE | ASIANMOW | Asiaweek | Profiles In Courage]

n. 蠕動(dòng)，爬行；緩慢地行進(jìn)。例：

Traffic on this road was moving at a crawl.
這條路傻瓜的車(chē)輛緩慢地行進(jìn)著。

5. formidable adj.可怕的，令人敬畏的，強(qiáng)大的（文中此意），難以應(yīng)付的。例：

But Corley has more experience at the highest level than Witter and represents a formidable hurdle.
但是科里比維特在最高級(jí)別賽事上有著更多經(jīng)驗(yàn)，這意味著他是一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的障礙。

[選自: BBC: SPORT | Boxing | Witter ready for final world shot]

The enemy surrendered to our formidable army.
敵軍向我們強(qiáng)大的軍隊(duì)投降了。

6. bureaucracy n. 官僚，官僚主義，官僚作風(fēng)；（公司的）管理人員。例：

The bureaucracy is usually inefficient form of government.
官僚主義往往是政府效率低下的一種形式。

7. erect vt. 樹(shù)立，建立，使豎立。文中此意。例：

But plans to erect 127 wind turbines have split the community and the candidates.
但是建立127個(gè)風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)的計(jì)劃分裂了社區(qū)人員和候選者。

[選自: BBC: Scottish election: Energy issues drive island voters]

adj. 直立的，垂直的。例：

Erect trees lined both sides of the road
道路兩旁筆直的樹(shù)排成行。

8. prime adj. 主要的，首要的；最好的，一流的。文中此意。例：

Mr Berlusconi has been prime minister three times since he first took office in 1994.
這已是總理貝盧斯科尼自1994年第一次就職以來(lái)的第三次連任。

[選自: BBC: NEWS | World | Europe | Italy crisis: Silvio Berlusconi resigns as PM]

prime minister 首相

a prime example

最好的例證

n. 青春，全盛期，青壯年時(shí)期。例：

In the prime of life
正直盛年

We should do what you want to do in the prime of life
趁年輕我們應(yīng)該做自己想做的事情。

9. gratitude n. 感謝，感激。例：

?Do your best, Pivnick suggests, and hope that her gratitude will get you a promotion.
做到最好，帕瓦尼克建議到，希望她的感激能讓你升職。

[選自: FORBES: How To Deal With A Younger Boss]

10. extinct adj.滅絕的；熄滅了的。例：

an extinct species
已滅絕的物種

The species was made extinct in Ireland in the 18th century, mainly due to human persecution.
由于人類(lèi)的迫害，這個(gè)物種于18世紀(jì)在愛(ài)爾蘭滅絕。

[選自: BBC: NEWS | N. Ireland | Northern Ireland Red Kite project hailed success]

But Nature is indifferent [to human notions?1] (of fairness), and a report [by the Fish and Wildlife Service] showed a worrisome drop [in the populations of several species] (of North Atlantic turtles), ^notably?2?loggerheads?3^, (which can grow to [as much as?4] 400 pounds.) The South Florida nesting?5?population, ^the largest^, has declined [by 50%] [in the last decade], [according to Elizabeth Griffin], {a marine biologist with the environmental group Oceana}. The figures prompted?6?Oceana [to petition?7?the government to upgrade the level of protection for the North Atlantic loggerheads from “threatened” to “endangered”] – [meaning they are in danger of disappearing without additional help]. ?
但是自然對(duì)人們的平等觀念卻非常冷淡。漁業(yè)以及野生動(dòng)物組織的一項(xiàng)報(bào)告顯示，北大西洋里有好幾種海龜?shù)臄?shù)量都在下降，實(shí)在令人擔(dān)憂(yōu)。尤其是一種能夠長(zhǎng)到400磅的大海龜，據(jù)環(huán)境保護(hù)組織Oceana的海洋生物學(xué)家Elizabeth Griffin說(shuō)，南弗羅里達(dá)海岸數(shù)量最多的海龜在過(guò)去的十年里銳減了50%。這些數(shù)字迫使Oceana向政府請(qǐng)求將對(duì)北大西洋大海龜?shù)谋Ｗo(hù)程度由“受到威脅”提升到“瀕臨滅絕”——這意味著如果沒(méi)有額外的保護(hù)，它們將面臨消失的危險(xiǎn)。

注：1. notion n. 概念，意念；看法，想法，觀點(diǎn)。例：

The President pushed back strongly on the notion of there being any linkage with missile defense.
總統(tǒng)強(qiáng)烈駁回與導(dǎo)彈防御系統(tǒng)有關(guān)聯(lián)的看法。

[選自: WHITEHOUSE: Press Briefing]

Kenny’s notion of rural life is a lot of sunshine and fun.
肯尼心目中的鄉(xiāng)村生活應(yīng)該是充滿(mǎn)陽(yáng)光和歡樂(lè)的。

y adv. 顯著地，特別地。例：

This idea has been adopted by other managers as well, most notably superstar CEO Andrew Grove.
這個(gè)想法得到了其他管理人員，特別是明星首席執(zhí)行官安德魯?格羅夫的采納。

[選自: FORBES: Most Popular | Managers: If You Don't Have Anything Nice to Say, Broadcast It]

The organization had many enemies, most notably among feminists. ?
這個(gè)組織有許多敵人,特別是在男女平等主義者中。

3. loggerhead n. 紅海龜，笨蛋

4. as much as

①表示數(shù)量 “多達(dá)”，文中此意。

We can take as much as our buyer can supply. ??
買(mǎi)主能提供多少我們就能要多少。

②表示程度 “盡量”

You ought to rest as much as possible.
你應(yīng)當(dāng)盡量多休息

③表示經(jīng)常性

Do you dine out as much as you did in London?
你還想在倫敦那樣經(jīng)常在外面吃飯嗎？

5. nest n. 窩，巢

vi. 筑巢。例：

The seabirds nest on rocks off the coast.
鳥(niǎo)在靠近海岸的巖石上筑巢。

6. prompt adj. 敏捷的，迅速的；即刻的。例：

Our new manager is prompt on the job.
我們新來(lái)的經(jīng)歷工作很敏捷

These bills on your desk need prompt payment.
你桌上的這些賬單需要立即支付。

vt. 激起；促進(jìn)，推動(dòng)。文中此意。例：

The Ohio-California split could prompt the nation's high court to take up the issue.
俄亥俄州-加利福尼亞分裂可能促使美國(guó)最高法院接手來(lái)解決這一問(wèn)題。

[選自: CNN: NEWS | Tech | Ruling lets California police search your phone without a warrant]

The traffic accident prompt the driver to renew his insurance.
這起交通事故促使這位司機(jī)為自己的保險(xiǎn)續(xù)期了。

7. petition n. 請(qǐng)?jiān)笗?shū)，申請(qǐng)書(shū)；訴狀。例：

A petition was signed by hundreds of local residents.
數(shù)百名當(dāng)?shù)鼐用裨谡?qǐng)?jiān)笗?shū)上簽字了。

The court denied Mark’s petition.
法院拒絕了馬克的訴狀。

vt. (向...)情愿，正是請(qǐng)求。文中此意。例：

Thompson will have to petition for an exemption of the 18-year-old age requirement.
湯普森將為免除（滿(mǎn)足）18歲的年齡要求而請(qǐng)?jiān)浮?/div>

[選自：NPR: 16-Year-Old Lexi Thompson Gets Historic LPGA Win]

Which raises the obvious question: what [else] do these turtles want [from us], ^anyway^? It turns out, ^according to Griffin^, that [while we have done a good job (of protecting the turtles) [for the weeks they spend on land (as egg-laying females, as eggs and as hatchlings)原],] we have neglected?1?the years (they spend [in the ocean].) “The threat is from commercial?2?fishing,” says Griffin. Trawlers (which drag large nets through the water and along the ocean floor)原and long line fishers (which can deploy?3?thousands of hooks on lines that can stretch?4?for miles)原take a heavy toll?5?[on turtles].
以上的事實(shí)引起了一個(gè)明顯的問(wèn)題：海龜們到底想從我們這得到些別的什么？按照Griffin的說(shuō)法：我們對(duì)保護(hù)海龜們?cè)诎渡隙冗^(guò)的幾個(gè)星期做得非常好（照顧產(chǎn)卵的母海龜，照顧龜卵，照顧幼龜），但是我們卻忽略了它們?cè)诤＠锒冗^(guò)的時(shí)光。Griffin說(shuō)，“威脅主要來(lái)自商業(yè)捕撈”。拖撈船（那些拖著從水里或沿著海底前進(jìn)的大網(wǎng)的船）和長(zhǎng)線(xiàn)捕魚(yú)（在延綿數(shù)里的漁網(wǎng)上布滿(mǎn)上千個(gè)魚(yú)鉤）使海龜傷亡慘重。

注：1. neglect vt. 忽視，疏忽，忽略；漏做。文中此意。例：

People today often neglect the consequences of sleep deficit.
當(dāng)今的人們經(jīng)常忽視睡眠不足帶來(lái)的后果。

Many users neglect take this simple precaution because it feels like a repetitive hassle.
許多用戶(hù)忽視這個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的預(yù)防措施，因?yàn)樗杏X(jué)就像一個(gè)重復(fù)的麻煩。

[選自: CNN: Work-issued mobile devices emerging as key security risk]

n. 忽視,疏忽，漏做

Frank was fired because of the neglect of duty.
弗蘭克因玩忽職守被開(kāi)除了。

2. commercial adj. 商業(yè)的，商務(wù)的，貿(mào)易的。短語(yǔ)：

commercial intercourse 通商

the commercial venture 商業(yè)投資

a commercial center 商業(yè)中心。例：

They say the problem will damage tourism and the UK's reputation as a commercial centre.
他們說(shuō)這個(gè)問(wèn)題將損害旅游業(yè)和英國(guó)作為商業(yè)中心的聲譽(yù)。

[選自: BBC: Newspaper review: Papers question immigration checks][centre英國(guó)媒體習(xí)慣這么用，美國(guó)習(xí)慣用center。]

3. deploy vt. 部署，調(diào)度（軍隊(duì)或武器）;有效地利用，調(diào)動(dòng)。例：

Within this report I hope to incorporate some recommendations that would deploy money smarter.
我希望在這個(gè)報(bào)告中能涵蓋一些優(yōu)化資金部署的建議。

[選自: FORBES: Getting Our Ducks in a Row]

to deploy arguments/resources 利用論據(jù)/資源

4. stretch vt. 拉長(zhǎng)。例：

Do you known why my sweaters are always stretched?
你知道為什么我的毛衣總是被拉長(zhǎng)嗎？

vi. 伸, 延。文中此意。例：

But the speed limit for most of that stretch with revert to 70mph on Friday.
但是速度限制在星期五恢復(fù)到了每小時(shí)70公里。

[選自: BBC: M80 roadworks speed restrictions to be lifted]

n. 一段時(shí)間，一段路程；拉長(zhǎng)，延伸。例：

We have waited for a stretch of two hours.
我們已經(jīng)等了兩個(gè)小時(shí)了。

He is driving on a stretch of open field.
他正在一片開(kāi)闊的原野上飛馳。

5. toll n. 過(guò)路（橋）費(fèi)；代價(jià)，傷亡數(shù)（文中此意）。例：

You should pay the toll.
你應(yīng)該付過(guò)路費(fèi)。

Another 32 people were missing, the report added, suggesting the death toll could rise.
報(bào)道補(bǔ)充道，另有32人失蹤，這也預(yù)示著死亡人數(shù)可能進(jìn)一步增加。

[選自：MSN: China floods kill 52, force 100,000 to evacuate]

vt. 征收（過(guò)路費(fèi)）；（緩慢而有規(guī)律地）敲（鐘）。例：

The government set up stations to toll fees.
政府征收過(guò)路費(fèi)。

Church bells tolled the death of the bishop.
教堂為主教的去世鳴鐘。

[Of course], [like every other environmental issue today], this is playing out [against the background of global warming and human interference?1?with natural ecosystems]. The narrow strips?2?(of beach) (on which the turtles lay their eggs) are being squeezed?3?[on one side by development and on the other by the threat of rising sea levels] [as the oceans warm.] [Ultimately?4] we must get a handle [on those issues] [as well], or a creature (that outlived?5?the dinosaurs) will meet its end [at the hands of humans], [leaving our descendants?6?to wonder how creature so ugly could have won so much affection?7].
當(dāng)然，和其他環(huán)境一樣，這些都是發(fā)生在全球變暖和人類(lèi)對(duì)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)干涉的背景下。一方面人類(lèi)開(kāi)發(fā)，另一方面因海水變暖海平面上升，使得海龜們產(chǎn)卵的那些沙灘縮小。最終，我們必須著手處理這些問(wèn)題，否則，這比恐龍壽命還要長(zhǎng)的生物將會(huì)滅絕于人類(lèi)手中，只給我們的后代留下疑問(wèn)：為什么這么丑的生物會(huì)獲得人們?nèi)绱硕嗟年P(guān)注？

注：1. interference n.干涉，干預(yù)，文中此意。例：

Other claims asserted by Oracle against HP include defamation and intentional interference with contractual relations.
甲骨文針對(duì)惠普的另一些索賠包括誹謗和故意干擾合同關(guān)系。

[選自: MSN: Oracle brings new claims against HP in Itanium case]

相關(guān)詞匯：interfere ?

vi. interfere (in) 干涉，干預(yù)

interfere (with) 妨礙，打擾。例：

I’ve always tried not to interfere in your affairs.
我一直盡量不干涉你的事。

Skyscrapers may interfere with television reception.
摩天大樓可能會(huì)干擾電視的接受效果。

2. strip vi.剝，剝?nèi)?。例?/p>

The officer was stripped of the rank.
那位軍官被免去了軍銜。

n. 窄條，帶狀物。文中此意。例：

I’m told the man I’m looking for lives near the cemetery, beside the landing strip.
我被告知我正在找的那個(gè)人住在墓地附近，跑道旁邊。

[選自: CNN: NEWS | Travel | Exploring Costa Rica's Osa Peninsula]

3. squeeze vt. 壓榨，擠。文中此意。例：

squeeze toothpaste 擠牙膏

And who wants to try to squeeze their seat into space decreed to be “standard”? ?
那誰(shuí)又愿意按照法定的“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”來(lái)擠壓各自的位置呢？

[選自：BBC: NEWS | UK | Magazine | Chaos in the changing room]

n. 榨取，勒索。例：

The farmers were driven to rebel by the squeeze of the landlords.
農(nóng)民們?cè)诘刂鞯膲赫ハ卤黄绕饋?lái)反抗了。

形近詞：sneeze vi.打噴嚏

4. ultimate

ultimately adv.最后，最終，根本（文中此意）例：

This, ultimately, paves the way for maximising the repayment of debt to the taxpayer over time.
最終，這為最大化的將應(yīng)償還債務(wù)轉(zhuǎn)移給納稅人鋪平了道路。

[選自: FORBES: Former Billionaire Loses Company, Owes $4 Billion]

詞根 ultimate adj. 最后的，最終的；根本的。例：

in ultimate 到最后，結(jié)果

the ultimate authority 最高當(dāng)局

an ultimate principle 基本原理

Hard work is the ultimate source of success.
努力工作是成功的之本。

5. outlive v. 比（某人）長(zhǎng)壽 ?（文中此意），活到（某事）已被遺忘。例：

In birds, the reverse is true - and male birds generally outlive the females.
在鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)中，相反的情況是真實(shí)存在的——雄鳥(niǎo)大致說(shuō)來(lái)比雌鳥(niǎo)壽命長(zhǎng)。

[選自：BBC: Women grow old genetically]

6. descendant n. 后代，后裔（文中此意）；（由過(guò)去類(lèi)似物發(fā)展來(lái)的）派生物。例：

This is where Juan's forebears repose, and where he, as a direct descendant is entitled to be buried.
這就是胡安祖先安葬的地方，在這里，他作為直接后裔有權(quán)安葬。

[選自: BBC: NEWS | From Our Own Correspondent | From Cornwall to Mexico ]

They are descendants of the original English and Scottish settlers.
他們是最初的英格蘭和蘇格蘭定居者的后代。

His design was a descendant of a 1956device.
他的設(shè)計(jì)是從一個(gè)1956年的裝置衍生而來(lái)的。

adv. 下降的；祖?zhèn)鞯?。例?/p>

Those tradition is descendant.
這些都是祖?zhèn)飨聛?lái)的。

7. affection n.愛(ài)，慈愛(ài)；感情；影響。例：

The orphans need more care and affection.
孤兒們需要更多的照顧和關(guān)愛(ài)。

David completely ignored his wife’s affections.
大衛(wèi)完全忽視了他妻子的感情。

Why is there a sudden affection for the Post World War II period in the US?
為什么對(duì)于二戰(zhàn)后的美國(guó)有如此突然的影響。

[選自：FORBES: A Young World is No Place for Old Corporations]