英語閱讀難句分析之定語從句
6. Smart cards,which can carry as much as 80 times more information on them than conventional cards with a magnetic stripe,are already widely used in European countries where centralized banks can roll out new services on a nationwide basis.
要點(diǎn) 本句為簡單復(fù)合句。句架為Smart cards， which ……， are already widely used in European countries where……。which為關(guān)系代詞，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾smart cards；where 為關(guān)系副詞，引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾wide：全國范圍內(nèi)的。roll out：本意為“展開（卷起之物）”，此處為引申義，指展開工作。
譯文 智能卡載有的信息量是普通磁卡信息載量的80多倍，已經(jīng)在歐洲各國廣泛使用，因而使歐洲各國中央銀行得以在全國范圍展開新型的服務(wù)。
7. How well the prediction will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount,reliability,and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted.
要點(diǎn) 本句含有一個主語從句How well the prediction will be validated by later performance和一個定語從句with which it is interpreted.定語從句中it 指代prediction，該定語從句修飾the skill and wisdom.在翻譯時主語從句用分譯法，定語從句用合譯法。validate：使有效；使有充分根據(jù)。
譯文 預(yù)測在多大程度上為后來的表現(xiàn)所證實(shí)，這取決于所采用信息的數(shù)量、可靠性和適宜性，還取決于用來解釋預(yù)測的技巧和智慧。
8. Thus,to rectify the positions taken previously,where we contented ourselves with condemnations,in my delegation's opinion,we must find an overall solution which would come to grips with both the substance as well as the superficial aspects which,after all,serve only to compel us to keep this problem constantly on the Security Council's agendas.
要點(diǎn) 本句含有三個定語從句where……condemnations，which would come to grips ……和which,after all, serve only to compel……。第二個定語從句譯成同位結(jié)構(gòu)；第三個定語從句同上下文有明顯的因果關(guān)系，譯成“因?yàn)椤薄verall：從頭到尾；總的，全面的。
譯文 因此，我們代表團(tuán)認(rèn)為，要糾正我們過去采取的只是滿足于進(jìn)行譴責(zé)的那種立場，我們必須尋求一個全面的解決方法，既能解決本質(zhì)方面的問題，又能解決應(yīng)對表面的問題，因?yàn)閮H解決表面問題畢竟只能迫使我們一次又一次地把這個問題列入安理會的議程。
9. We may define chemistry as the science in which we deal with the chemical change in matter as a result of which it is possible to form a new substance.
要點(diǎn) 本句中有兩個由which引導(dǎo)的定語從句：第一個定語從句的先行詞是science，而不是chemistry;第二個定語從句的先行詞是chemical change,而不是result或matter.
譯文 我們可以說，化學(xué)是論述物質(zhì)化學(xué)變化的科學(xué)，通過化學(xué)變化可能獲得新的物質(zhì)。
10. Time goes fast for one who has a sense of beauty,when there are pretty children in a pool and a young Diana on the edge,to receive with wonder anything you can catch！
要點(diǎn) 本句由一個主句（Time goes fast）、兩個定語從句（who……和you can catch）和一個狀語從句（when……）組成。you can catch前省略了that.按照先發(fā)生的事情先敘述以及條件在先結(jié)果在后的漢語習(xí)慣，翻譯時應(yīng)采用逆序法。
譯文 對一個有美感，能以好奇心接收你所能抓到的任何東西的人來說，時間總是過得很快，比如當(dāng)戲水池里有幾個可愛的孩子，池邊還有一位如黛安娜似的年輕女子時。
