Part Ⅲ? Reading Comprehension? (45 minutes, 25 points, 1 for each )
Directions: There are five passages in this part. Each passage is followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.
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Passage One
??? Children live in a world in which science has tremendous importance. During their lifetimes it will affect them more and more. In time, many of them will work at jobs that depend heavily on science --- for example, concerning energy sources, pollution control, highway safety, wilderness conservation, and population growth, and population growth. As taxpayers they will pay for scientific research and exploration. And, as consumers, ?they will be bombarded (受到轟擊) by advertising, much of which is said to be based on science.
??? Therefore, it is important that children, the citizens of the future, become functionally acquainted with science---- with the process and spirit of science, as well as with its facts and principles. Fortunately, science has a natural appeal for youngsters. They can relate it to so many things that they encounter ---- flashlights, tools, echoes, and rainbows. Besides, science is an excellent medium for teaching far more than content. It can help pupils learn to think logically, to organize and analyse ideas. It can provide practice in communication skills and mathematics. In fact, there is no area of the curriculum to which science cannot contribute, whether it is geography, history, language arts, music, or art!
???? Above all, good science teaching leads to what might be called a “scientific attitude.” Those who possess it seek answers through observing, experimenting, and reasoning, rather than blindly accepting the pronouncements of others. They weigh evidence carefully and reach conclusions with caution. While respecting the opinions of others, they expect honesty, accuracy, and objectivity and are on guard against hasty judgments and sweeping generalizations. All children should be developing this approach to solving problems, but it cannot be expected to appear automatically with the mere acquisition of information. Continual practice, through guided participation, is needed. (293 words)
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36. One of the reasons why science is important for children is that many of them will _____.
?? A. work in scientific research institutions
?? B. work at jobs closely related to science
?? C. make the final decision in matters concerning science
????? D. be fund-raisers for scientific research and exploration
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37. There is no doubt that children like learning science because_____.
?? A. science is linked with many of the things they meet
?? B. science is a very easy subject for them to learn
?? C. they encounter the facts and principles of science daily
?? D. they are familiar with the process and spirit of science
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38. Pupils can learn logical thinking while _____.
?? A. practicing communication skills
?? B. studying geography
?? C. taking art courses
?? D. learning science
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39. People with a scientific attitude ____.
?? A. are ready to accept the pronouncements of others
?? B. tend to reach conclusions with certainty
?? C. are aware that others are likely to make hasty judgments
?? D. seek truth through observation , experimentation and reasoning
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40. In the passage the writer seems to ______.
?? A. prove that science is a successful course in school
?? B. point out that science as a course is now poorly taught in school
?? C. suggest that science should be included in the school curriculum
?? D. predict that children who learn science will be good scientists
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Passage Two
My surprise over the past few winters has been the personality transformation my parents go through around mid-December as they change from Dad and Mom into Grandpa and Grandma. Yes, they become grandparents and are completely different from the people I know the other eleven and a half months of the year.
? The first sign of my parents’ change is the delight they take in visiting toy and children’s clothing stores. These two people, who usually dislike anything having to do with shopping malls, become crazy consumers. While they tell me to budget my money and shop wisely, they are buying up every doll and dump truck in sight. And this is only the beginning of the holidays!
? When my brother’s children arrive, Grandpa and Grandma come into full form. First they throw out all ideas about a balanced diet for the grandkids. While we were raised in a? house where everyone had to take two bites of corm, beets (甜菜)，or liver (foods that appeared quite often on our table despite constant complaining), the grandchildren never have to eat anything that does not appeal to them. Grandma carries chocolate in her pockets to bribe (賄賂)the littlest ones into following her around the house, while Grandpa offers “surprises” of candy and cake to them all day long. Boxes of chocolate-pie disappear while the whole-wheat bread get hard and stale. The kids love all the sweets, and when the sugar raises their energy levels, Grandma and Grandpa can always decide to leave and do a bit more shopping or go to bed while my brother and sister-in-law try to deal with their highly active kids.
? Once the grandchildren have arrived, Grandma and Grandpa also seem to forget all of the responsibility lectures I so often hear in my daily life. If Mickey screams at his sister during dinner, he is “developing his own personality”; if Nancy breaks Grandma’s mirror, she is “just a curious child.” But, if I track mud into the house while helping to unload groceries, I become “careless”; if I scold one of the grandkids for tearing pages out of my textbook, I am “ impatient.” If Paula talks back to her mother, Grandma and Grandpa smile at her spirit. If I say one word about all of this excessive love, Mom and Dad reappear to have a talk with me about petty jealousies.????? (398 words)
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41. As regards his parents’ shopping for the grandchildren, the author ______.
?? A. feels jealous?????????????????????????? B. feels amazed?????
?? C. thinks it unnecessary??????????????????? D. thinks it annoying
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42. What happens after the kids have had all the sweets?
?? A. They get highly energetic.
?? B. They quiet down.
?? C. They want more sweets.
?? D. They go to bed.
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43. Which of the following is NOT true of the visiting children?
?? A. They behave very well.
?? B. They like chocolate very much.
?? C. They receive toys from their grandparents.
?? D. They are having a lot of fun.
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44. It can be inferred from the passage that when the author was a child, he______.
?? A. liked the foods he had
?? B. got a lot of pocket money
? ?C. was spoiled by his parents
?? D. was scolded if he misbehaved
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45. “Personality transformation” in the author’s parents means that they _______.
?? turned into loving parents
?? become strict parents
? ? longer care for the author
?? to believe in discipline for children
Passage Three
?? Diego Chiapello, legally blind since birth, isn’t one of Italy’s famous “mama’s boys” who live with their parents into adulthood. The 27-year-old lives alone in Milan, works as a network administrator, loves diving and dreams of sailing across the Atlantic with a sight-impaired（有視力障礙的）crew.
?? Obviously, he’s not your average disabled person -----but especially so in Italy. The country has more barriers to integration than almost anywhere else on the Continent: among European countries, Italy ranks third from the bottom in accessibility for the disabled, ahead of only Greece and Portugal, People who use wheelchairs, especially, find it difficult to navigate the country’s cobblestone (鵝卵石) streets, ride buses or visit restaurants, shops and museums. Less than a quarter of Italy’s disabled hold jobs compared with 47 percent for Europe.
? But the biggest obstacle for the country’s physically challenged may, in fact, be the fabled Italian family. Because of the social defect that still attaches to disabilities, “ they tend to keep disabled people at home” and out of public view, explains Giovanni Marri, head of an employment training center in Milan that caters to the handicapped. Thus while 15 percent of the country’s families include a disabled person,? according to surveys, only 2 percent of Italians report going to school with a disabled person and only 4percent work with one.??
? Italians are beginning to recognize the problem. Over the past decade, the government has passed laws targeting everything from workplace discrimination to accessibility requirements. A recent study by the European Union found that 85 percent of Italians admit that public transportation and infrastructure (基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施) are inadequate for the handicapped, and 97 percent say action is needed. But the biggest barrier is psychological. “Italian companies are afraid of hiring disabled people,” says Chiapello. The only way to alter that, he says, is for Italy’s disabled to do what he did--- get out of the house and demand change.?? (318 words)
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46. Which of the following words best describes “mama’s boys”?
?? A. Ordinary.
?? B. Optimistic.
? ?C. Dependent.
?? D. Desirable.
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47. In this passage, Chiapello is cited as an example of ______.
?? A. unusual disabled Italians
?? B. courageous blind sailors
?? C. typical handicapped people
?? D. vulnerable disabled Europeans
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48. In Italy, where are the disabled people most likely to be?
?? A. On the street
?? B. At home
?? C. In school
?? D. At work
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49. Italy’s general public will most probably agree that ______.
?? A. physical inadequacies are the biggest obstacle for the disabled
?? B. things should be done to remove the barriers against the disabled
?? C. workplace prejudices toward the disabled are hardly recognizable
?? D. disabled people should reduce the need of going to public places
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50. What is the passage mainly about?
?? A. Italy has not enough in aiding the disabled.
?? B. Italy’s disabled people should get out of their houses.
? ?C. Italian people have been blind to troubles of the disabled.
?? D. Italian ways of aiding the disabled should be encouraged.
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Passage Four
?The average number of authors on scientific papers is sky-rocketing. That’s partly because labs are bigger, problems are more complicated, and more different subspecialties are needed. But it’s also because U.S. government agencies have started to promote “team science.” As physics developed in the post-World War Ⅱ era, federal funds built expensive national facilities, and these served as surfaces on which collaborations could crystallize naturally.
?Yet multiple authorship --- however good it maybe in other ways --- presents for journals and for the institutions in which these authors work. For the journals, long lists of authors are hard to deal with in themselves. But those long lists give rise to more serious questions when something goes wrong with the paper. If there is research misconduct, how should the liability be allocated among the authors? If there is an honest mistake in one part of the work but not in others, how should an evaluator aim his or her review?
?Various practical or impractical suggestions have emerged during the long-standing debate on this issue. One is that each author should provide, and the journal should then publish, an account of that author’s particular contribution to the work. But a different view of the problem, and perhaps of the solution, comes as we get to university committee on appointments and promotions, which is where the authorship rubber really meets the road. Half a lifetime of involvement with this process has taught me how much authorship matters. I have watched committees attempting to decode sequences of names, agonize over whether a much-cited paper was really the candidate’s work or a coauthor’s, and send back recommendations asking for more specificity about the division of responsibility.
? Problems of this kind change the argument, supporting the case for asking authors to define their own roles. After all, if quality judgments about individuals are to be made on the basis of their personal contributions, then the judges better know what they did. But if questions arise about the validity of the work as a whole, whether as challenges to its conduct or as evaluations of its influence in the field, a team is a team, and the members should share the credit or the blame.? (367 words)
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51. According to the passage, there is a tendency that scientific papers__.??????????????????????????????????????????????
?? A. are getting more complicated
?? B. are dealing with bigger problems?
?? C. are more of a product of team work
?? D. are focusing more on natural than on social sciences?
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52. One of the problems with multiple authorship is that it is hard____.
?? A. to allocate the responsibility if the paper goes wrong
?? B. to decide on how much contribution each reviewer has made
?? C. to assign the roles that the different authors are to play
?? D. to correspond with the authors when the readers feel the need to
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53. According to the passage, authorship is important when ______.
?? A. practical or impractical suggestions of the authors are considered
?? B. appointments and promotions of the authors are involved
?? C. evaluators need to review the publication of the authors
?? D. the publication of the authors has become much-cited
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54. According to the passage, whether multiple authors of a paper should be taken collectively or individually depends on ______.
?? A. whether judgments are made about the paper or its authors
?? B. whether it is the credit or the blame that the authors need to share
?? C. how many authors are involved in the paper
?? D. where the paper has been published
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55. The best title for the passage can be _____.
?? A. Writing Scientific Papers: Publish or Perish
?? B. Collaboration and Responsibility in Writing Scientific Papers
?? C. Advantages and Disadvantages of Team Science
?? D. Multiple Authors, Multiple Problems
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Passage Five
??? What produces a waterproof super glue, acts like a vacuum cleaner, and even teaches scientists about gene repair? The humble little shellfish known as the mussel ( 貽貝)
??? Mussels are found worldwide. Some live in the sea. Others inhabit freshwater streams and lakes. When you try to move a mussel from a rock, you will discover what an incredibly firm grip it has --- a necessity if the mussel is to resist the sharp grab of a hungry seabird or the pounding waves of the sea. How does it manage to cling so tight? When it choose a place to set up home, it pokes its tongue-shaped foot out of its shell and presses it against a solid surface. Special glands give off a fluid mixture of proteins into a channel that runs the length of the foot. The liquid quickly hardens into a fine, elastic thread about an inch long. Then a tiny pad-like structure at the end of this thread gives off some natural glue-like substance, the mussel lifts its foot, and anchor line number one is complete. These strategically placed threads form a bundle, which ties the mussel to its new home in much the same way that ropes hold down a tent. The whole procedure takes only three or four minutes.
??? Imagine having a very strong glue that is non-toxic and so flexible that it can penetrate the tiniest holes and corners, sticking to any surface, even under water. Shipbuilders would welcome it for repairing vessels without the expense of dry-docking them. Auto-body workers would like a really waterproof paint that keeps the rust out. Surgeons would value a safe glue to join broken bones and to close wounds… The list of possible uses appears endless.
??? However, scientists are not thinking of using the mussels themselves to produce this super glue. It would take some 10,000 shellfish to make just one gram of glue. So collection enough mussels to supply the world’s demand for super glue would wipe out the mussel population, many species of which are already endangered. Instead, American researchers have isolated and cloned the genes for five mussel glue proteins, and they are about to mass-produce them in the laboratory. However, the mussel is still one jump ahead. Only the mussel instinctively knows the exact blend of proteins needed for each kind of surface. Molecular biologist Frank Roberto has asked admiringly: “How are you ever going to imitate that?”? (407 words)
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56. A mussel grips a hard surface very firmly to ____.
?? A. seal itself from being damaged by sea water
?? B. produce the waterproof super glue
?? C. protect itself from being blown away by strong wind
?? D. protect itself from being the food of other animals
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57. The waterproof super glue originates in _____.
? ?A. the mussel’s tongue-shaped foot
?? B. some glands in the mussel’s body
?? C. the thread given off by the mussel
?? D. the channel of the mussel’s foot
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58. To tie itself safely to a new home, a mussel must _____.
?? A. produce a thread to anchor to the hard surface
?? B. draw air and water from its pad-like structure
?? C. hold down a tent as human beings do
?? D. place many anchor lines strategically
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59. Scientists are not thinking of using mussels to produce the super glue mainly because of _____.
?? A. the possible mass-production of the super glue
?? B. their concern about the cost of collecting mussels
?? C. their concern about the extinction of the species
?? D. the world’s limited demand for the super glue
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60. The main idea of this passage is that _____.
?? A. mussels can be used to produce super glue
?? B. mussels are much smarter than we think
?? C. it is important to protect mussels
?? D. mussels have an amazing power useful to man
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參考答案：36-40? B? A? D? D? C??????? 41-45? B? A? A ?D? D
46-50? C? A? B? B? D??????? 51-55? C? A? C? A? D
56-60? D? B? D? C? D?
答案詳解：
Passage One:
36. B。題干意為“科學對于孩子們來說很重要的原因之一是許多孩子將來會…”。本的關(guān)鍵在第二段的首句“Therefore, it is important that children, the citizens of the future, …”，從therefore“因此”，我們可以判斷，科學對于孩子重要的原因應(yīng)該是在這一段的前面進行論述的，再根據(jù)第一段的第二行“In time, many of them will work at jobs that depend heavily on science…”,可推出B為正確答案。
37. A。答案在第二段的第二行至第四行“Fortunately, science has a natural appeal for youngsters. They can relate it to so many things they encounter----”,這句話恰恰是本題題干和選項的變體。
38. D。本題為細節(jié)題。答案在第二段的第四、五行“Besides, science is an excellent medium for teaching far more than content. It can help pupils learn to think logically,…”. 第二句話中的 “it”指代前面提到的 “science”, 故可能推出“孩子們在學習科學的時候可以學會邏輯思維”。
39. D。本題答案在第三段的前兩句，即“Above all, good science teaching leads to what might be called a “scientific attitude.” Those who possess it seek answers through observing, experimenting, and reasoning,…”。注意第二句中的 “those who possess it”的指代。
40. C。本題為推斷題。從文章的句尾“All children should be developing this approach to solving problems, but it cannot be expected to appear automatically with the mere acquisition of information. Continual practice, through guided participation, is needed.”“所有的孩子都應(yīng)該培養(yǎng)這種解決問題的方法，但不能期望這種方法可以僅僅通過獲取信息而自動獲得，而必須在指導下進行不斷的練習?！保偌由先膶茖W對孩子的重要性的論述，可以推出作者的態(tài)度應(yīng)該是：提倡在學校的課程中應(yīng)該包括科學這門重要的學科。
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Passage Two:
41. B。題干是說“對于他的父母給孫子買東西這件事，作者是什么樣的感受”。本題開篇就點出的本文的主題“My surprise over the past few winters has been the personality transformation my parents go through around mid-December as they change from Dad and Mom into Grandpa and Grandma.”“在過去幾年中讓我感到吃驚的是我的父母在從父親母親轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樽娓缸婺负髠€性上所經(jīng)歷的變化”，本句中注意 “surprise”; 在第二段中，作者開始做具體敘述“The first sign of my parents’ change is …”接下來舉的事例就是題干中提到的shopping for the grandchildren, 故答案應(yīng)為B。這里amazed相當于surprise.
42. A。答案在第三段的倒數(shù)第三行“The kids love all the sweets, and when the sugar raises their energy levels,”。
43. A。本題可用排除法。題干意為“下列哪種說法不適合孩子在爺爺奶奶家的表現(xiàn)”，注意短語“be true of”“符合于，對…適用”。從第三段第四行“Grandma carries chocolate in her pockets to bribe (賄賂)the littlest ones into following her around the house, while Grandpa offers “surprises” of candy and cake to them all day long.”可排除B；從第二段中可排除C；從第二、三段的敘述可排除D。而從第三段的結(jié)尾和第四段的敘述，我們也能看出孩子們在爺爺奶奶家的表現(xiàn)并不好。故答案為A。
44. D。本題為推斷題。答案在最后一段。首句“Once the grandchildren have arrived, Grandma and Grandpa also seem to forget all of the responsibility lectures I so often hear in my daily life. ”意為“一旦見到孫子孫女們，爺爺奶奶似乎也就忘記了我以前經(jīng)常聽到的所有關(guān)于責任的演說”，從這句話可以推出作者的父母對他的態(tài)度與對孫子孫女們的態(tài)度是完全不同的，再通過下面的例子，我們可以推出“作者小時候在做錯事的時候就會受到責備?！?/div>
45. D。本題也是推斷題。從整篇文章來看，主要是講作者的父母在成為祖父以后就開始溺愛孩子，而從最后一段我們可以看出，他們以前對作者的要求是很嚴格的，故可推出正確答案為D。
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Passage Three
46. C。本題答案就在第一段的第一句“Diego Chiapello, legally blind since birth, isn’t one of Italy’s famous “mama’s boys” who live with their parents into adulthood.” 。主要注意mama’s boys后面的定語從句，表示和他們的父母一起生活直到成年的那些人。故dependent“依賴的”為最佳答案。
47. A。本題答案在第二段的首句“Obviously, he’s not your average disabled person -----but especially so in Italy.”“他不是一個普通的殘疾人”，故 “unusual disabled Italians”為正確選項。
48. B。本題答案在第三段第二行“Because of the social defect that still attaches to disabilities, “ they tend to keep disabled people at home”…”。
49. B。本題答案在最后一段的第三行“85 percent of Italians admit that public transportation and infrastructure (基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施) are inadequate for the handicapped, and 97 percent say action is needed.” “85 percent of Italians”和“97 percent”即指general public。
50. D。本題為主旨題。答案主要可從最后一段得出?！皌he government has passed laws targeting everything from workplace discrimination to accessibility requirements”“政府采取了措施…”； “85 percent of Italians admit that public transportation and infrastructure (基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施) are inadequate for the handicapped, and 97 percent say action is needed”“公眾也認為需要采取行動…”；“The only way to alter that, he says, is for Italy’s disabled to do what he did--- get out of the house and demand change.”“唯一改變的方法就是支持鼓勵殘疾人…”，故正確答案為D。
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Passage Four:
51. C。答案在第一段?！癟hat’s partly because labs are bigger, problems are more complicated, and more different subspecialties are needed. But it’s also because U.S. government agencies have started to promote “team science.””“…部分是因為實驗室更大了，問題…，而更多是因為…”，而也是因為美國政府開始促進“團隊科學”，故答案為C。
52. A。答案在第二段第三行“But those long lists give rise to more serious questions when something goes wrong with the paper. If there is research misconduct, how should the liability be allocated among the authors?”
53. C。答案在第二段的最后一句話“If there is an honest mistake in one part of the work but not in others, how should an evaluator aim his or her review? ”“如果僅發(fā)現(xiàn)某一部分有錯誤，那么評估員應(yīng)該如何進行評價呢”，因此可以推斷當進行評估檢查的時候，搞清原創(chuàng)作者就變得非常重要了”
54. A。答案在最后一段。首句“Problems of this kind change the argument, supporting the case for asking authors to define their own roles.”“這類的問題改變了論點，開始支持要求作者們定義自己的角色”，這實際上所指的就是題干當中的“文章的作者是應(yīng)該當作集體來看還是個體看”；后面“if quality judgments about individuals are to be made on the basis of their personal contributions, then the judges better know what they did. But if questions arise about the validity of the work as a whole,” “如果是以個人的投稿來評判，…；如果是從整個作品來看，…”，由此可推出對作者的評判取決于評判是根據(jù)整個作品還是根據(jù)每個作者來做出的。故答案為A。
55. D。本題可用排除法。從整篇文章來看，主要講的就是講Multiple Authors“多個作者”及其所產(chǎn)生的“multiple problems”。
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Passage 5:
56. D。本題答案在第二段第二行“When you try to move a mussel from a rock, you will discover what an incredibly firm grip it has --- a necessity if the mussel is to resist the sharp grab of a hungry seabird or the pounding waves of the sea.”注意破折號后面的解釋：要防止“hungry seabird”和“pounding waves ”,故答案為D。
57. B。本題答案在第二段的第五行“Special glands give off a fluid mixture of proteins into a channel that runs the length of the foot.…” “特殊的腺發(fā)出一種流動的混合蛋白質(zhì)…”，故答案為B。
58. D。本題答案在第二段倒數(shù)第三行“These strategically placed threads form a bundle, which ties the mussel to its new home in much the same way that ropes hold down a tent.”本句是非限制性定語從句，which指代前面的句子，也就是選項D所敘述的內(nèi)容。
59. C。本題答案在最后一段的首句“However, scientists are not thinking of using the mussels themselves to produce this super glue. It would take some 10,000 shellfish to make just one gram of glue. So collection enough mussels to supply the world’s demand for super glue would wipe out the mussel population, many species of which are already endangered.”
60. D。本題是主旨題。本文通篇都是在講“mussel”這種貽貝的特殊功能，故D最符合題意。
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Part IV? Cloze? (10 minutes, 10 points, 0.5 for each )
Directions: In this part, there is a passage with twenty blanks. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer for each blank and mark the corresponding letter on your ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.
In recent years a new farming revolution has begun, one that involves the 61 of life at a fundamental level – the gene. The study of genetics has 62 a new industry called biotechnology. As the name suggest, it 63 biology and modem technology through such techniques as genetic engineering. Some of the new biotech companies specialize in agriculture and are working feverishly to 64 seeds that give a high yield, that 65 diseases, drought and frost, and that reduce the need for 66 chemicals. If such goals could be achieved, it would be most ?67 . But some have raised concerns about genetically engineered crops.
??? In nature, genetic diversity is created within certain 68 .A rose can be crossed with a different kind of rose, but a rose will never cross with a potato. Genetic engineering, 69 usually involves taking genes from one species and inserting them into another 70 to transfer a desired characteristic. This could mean, for example, selecting a gene which leads to the production of a chemical with anti-freeze 71 from an artic fish, and inserting it into a potato or strawberry to make it frost-resistant. 72, then, biotechnology allows humans to 73 the genetic walls that separate species.
??? Like the green revolution, 74 some call the gene revolution contributes to the problem of genetic uniformity---some say even more so 75 geneticists can employ techniques such as cloning and 76 culture(培養(yǎng)), processes that produce perfectly 77 copies. Concerns about the erosion of biodiversity, therefore, remain. Genetically altered plants, however, raise new 78, such as the effects that they may have on us and the environment. “We are flying blindly into a new 79 of agricultural biotechnology with high hopes, few constraints, and little idea of the potential 80,” said science writer Jeremy Rifkin.
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61. A. manipulation???? ???B. management?????? ???????? C. manufacture????? ?? D. maturity
62. A. got along with??? ???? B. given rise to??? ?????? ????? C. come up with???? ?? D. lived up to
63. A. broods????????? ???? B. breeds????????? ?? ????C. blends???????? ????? D. blasts
64. A. hatch????????? ????? B. train???????????? ??????? ????C. duplicate????????? D. patent
65. A. restrict???????? ?????? ????B. resist??????????? ? ????C. reverse????????? ?? D. retrieve
66. A. hostile???????? ?????? B. hydraulic??????? ?? ????C. hazardous????? ????????? D. harmless
67. A. beneficial????? ???????? B. disappointing????? ??????? C. surprising????????? ????? D. extreme
68. A. lines?????????? ?????? B. limits???????????? ?????? C. space????????????? ???? D. ages
69. A. after all???????? ????? B. on the other hand? ??????? C. in any case???????? ????? D. as a rest
70. A. to the point????? ????? B. in no case????????? ????? C. in an attempt???? ??? ????D. with regard
71. A. quality??????? ??????? B. property?????????? ?????? C. priority???????? ??????????? D. quantity
72. A. In essence?????? ???? B. In part???????????? ????? C. In advance????? ??????????? D. In return
73. A. brake?????????? ???? B. blaze????????????? ?????? C. breach???????? ???????????? D. brand
74. A. what????????? ????? B. as??????????????? ?????? C. where????????? ??????????? D. so
75. A. that??????????? ????? B. because??????????? ????? C. if???????????? ???????????? D. when
76. A. skin??????????? ????? B. tissue?????????? ???????? C. organ????????? ??????????? D. muscle
77. A. resembling????? ?????? B. alike????????????? ?????? C. similar???????? ???????????? D. identical
78. A. issues????????? ????? B. height???????????? ?????? C. difficulties????? ???????????? D. goals
79. A. spot??????????? ???? B. era??????????????? ????? C. deadline??? ???????????????? D. scheme
80. A. navigation?????? ????? B. mystery??????????? ????? C. outcomes?????? ??????????? D. destination
參考答案：? 61-65? A? B? C? C? B??????? 66-70? A? A? C? B? C
71-75? A? A? C? B? A??????? 76-80? C? D? A? B? C
答案詳解：
1、短語辨析：62題，69題，70題，72題
62題 B。A get along with與…相處，B give rise to引起、帶來，C come up with提出，
? D live up to實踐，做到。根據(jù)上下文，是表示“基因研究帶來了一種叫做生物
? 技術(shù)的新行業(yè)”，故只有B符合題意。
69題 B。A after all 畢竟，B on the other hand另一方面， C in any case無論如何，D as
??a rest 作為一種休息。根據(jù)上下文，是表示“另一方面，基因工程通常都會涉及到…”
? 故答案為B。
70題 C。A to the point 中肯，切題，B in no case決不，C in an attempt to do嘗試、試
? 圖，D with regard to關(guān)于。根據(jù)上下文，A、B、D均不符題意，只有C后面可接不
? 定式，表示“試圖…”。
72題 A。A in essence大體，本質(zhì)上，B in part 部分地，C in advance提前，預(yù)先，D in
??return作為報答。根據(jù)前后句意，應(yīng)選A。
?
2、同義詞、近義詞辨析：，77題
77題 D。辨析：resemble(v)“像，類似”，identical：同一的，一樣的，?？膳csame
? 互換alike：常做表語，表示相像的，類似的，similar“相似的，類似的”，本文是表
? 示“通過克隆技術(shù)生產(chǎn)出完全一樣的復制品”，故identical最符題意。
?
3、形近詞辨析：63題，65題， 71題，73題
63題 C。A brood“孵，一窩，一伙”，B breed“教養(yǎng)，品種”, C blend“混合”, D blast“一
? 陣/股，爆炸”。根據(jù)題意“通過基因工程技術(shù)將生物學和現(xiàn)代技術(shù)相結(jié)合”，故應(yīng)選
? 擇C。
? 辨析：brood?? breed?? blend?? blast
65題 D。A restrict“限制”，B. resist“抵抗，反抗”，C reverse“相反的”，D retrieve “找
? 回，重新得到”。根據(jù)題意，意為“抵抗疾病、干旱和霜凍”， 答案只能為B。
? 辨析：restrict??? reverse?? retrieve? retreat
71題 A。A quality“性質(zhì)，質(zhì)量”， B prosperity “繁榮”，，priority“優(yōu)先”，D quantity“數(shù)
? 量”，根據(jù)題意，表示“一種具有防凍性能的化學物質(zhì)”，故應(yīng)該用quality。
? 辨析：quality??? quantity
??????? priority ???property
73題：A brake“剎車”，B blaze“火焰，燃燒”，C breach“裂口，打破”，D brand“商標，牌子”。根據(jù)上下文，答案只能為C，后面可以跟genetic walls 相搭配，意為“打破基因上的限制”。
? 辨析：brake????? blaze ???breach???? brand??? blast
4、連接詞
74 題 B。根據(jù)上下文，本題是表示“像綠色革命一樣，一些人同樣認為基因革命…”,故只有as符合。
75題 A。so that…為固定句型，表示“以致于…”，引導結(jié)果狀語從句。?????????
5、其它：
61題A。A. manipulation “處理、操縱”，B. management “經(jīng)營、管理”，C. manufacture “生產(chǎn)、制造”，D. Maturity“ 成熟、（票據(jù)）到期”。根據(jù)題意，是表示“”
64題 C。A. hatch“孵化，圖謀，計劃”，B. train“訓練”，C. duplicate“復制”，D. patent
?“專利”。根據(jù)題意，是表示“一些生物技術(shù)公司在努力復制一些高產(chǎn)的種子”，故
? 只有C符合題意。
66題 A。A hostile“敵對的，不利的”，B hydraulic“水力的，水壓的”，C hazardous“危險的，冒險的”，D harmless“無害的”。根據(jù)題意，是表示“減少對害化學物質(zhì)的需求”，故只有A符合題意。
67題A。A beneficial“有益的”，B disappointing“令人失望的”，C surprising“令人驚奇的”，D extreme“極端的，非常的”。根據(jù)題意，是表示“如果這些目標都能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)的話，將是非常有益的” ，故答案只能為A。
68題C。根據(jù)題意，是表示“在一定范圍內(nèi)基因可以多樣化” ，故應(yīng)用space。????????
?
76題C。A skin“皮膚”，B tissue“薄紗，（生物學）組織”，C organ“器官”，D muscle“肌肉”。根據(jù)題意，是表示“一些基因?qū)W家可以利用克隆和器官培養(yǎng)等技術(shù)”，故答案為C。
78題A。A. issues“問題”，B. height“高度”，C. difficulties“困難”，D. goals“目標”。根據(jù)題意，是表示“通過基因改變植物會帶來很多問題，諸如…”，故只有“issues”符合題意
79題B。A. spot“污點，地點”，B. era“時代，紀元”，C. deadline“最后期限”，D. scheme“計劃，方案”。根據(jù)題意，是表示“我們正在摸索著走進一個農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)的新時代”，故只有 “era”符合題意。
80題C。A. navigation“航海，導航”，B. mystery“神秘”，C. outcomes “結(jié)果，成果”，D. destination“目的地”。根據(jù)題意，是表示“對可能會帶來的潛在的后果考慮地很少”，故只有“outcome”最符題意。
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Part I? Error Detection? (5 minutes, 5 points，0.5 for each )
Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B, C and D. Identify
the part of the sentence that is incorrect.
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81. The farmer knows something that the whole civilized mankind seems to? have forgotten
?????? A ????????????????????????????????B??????????????????? C
?
, namely, when the resources of life on our planet are not inexhaustible.
???????????? D
Note: D錯，應(yīng)改為that。本題測試同位語從句，the resources of life on our planet are not inexhaustible是前面something的同位語，因此引導詞應(yīng)用that。本題中要注意namely“也就是”這一單詞的含義。
考點：同位語從句
?
82. Unable to see their business as a separate entity, many people fail to make a distinction
???? A????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????B
between their company and them.
? C??????????????????? D
Note: D錯，應(yīng)改為themselves。本句應(yīng)用反身代詞，因為主語是many people，后面是說他們的公司和他們自己之前。
考點：反身代詞
?
83. As I looked at the carpet, I wished that it could speak, since it must witness many
????????????????????????????????? A???????? B???????? C
interesting events in the past decade.
?????????????? D
Note: C錯，應(yīng)改為must have witnessed。本句中有明顯的表示過去的時間狀語in the past decade，故應(yīng)該是表示對過去的肯定推測，應(yīng)用must have done形式。
考點：情態(tài)動詞表推測
?
84. Twenty years in prison are a ridiculously harsh penalty for an action that was, after all, agreed upon by
???? ?????????????????A?????????????????????????????????? B???????? C
?both people involved.
?????????????? D
Note: A錯，應(yīng)改為is。本題考查主謂一致。表示“時間、距離、金額”等的整體概念時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。
考點：主謂一致
?
85. The clever method was paid attention by very few technicians until the early 1970s.
?????????????????? A?????? B???????????????????????? C?? D
Note: B錯，應(yīng)改為paid attention to。被動語態(tài)的動詞如果是不及物動詞，必須加上介詞，另外注意pay attention to為固定搭配。
考點：被動語態(tài)
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86. The world’s remained tropical forests are being destroyed so fast that, at current trends, by the middle
?????????????? A???????????????????????? B???????????????? C
of this century, only the most inaccessible will remain.
???????????????????????????? D
Note: C錯，應(yīng)改為with。with current trends表示“以…的趨勢”。
考點：介詞固定搭配
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87. They are newcomers and don’t realize what takes it to start and run a business here.
??????????????????????????? A????? B?? C????????????? D
Note: C錯，應(yīng)改為it takes。賓語從句的語序應(yīng)是陳述語序。
考點：賓語從句語序
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88. I live in an apartment where you don’t have any sun and so can’t even grow anything in a flower pot
?????? A?????????????? B?????????? C?????????? D?????
Note: B錯，應(yīng)改為I。本題前面主語是I, 前后代詞應(yīng)該保持一致。
考點：代詞一致
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89. The reason why I love watching Tony surf is because he is so graceful and beautiful when he surfs.
????????? A????????? B???????? C????? D
Note: D錯，應(yīng)改為that。The reason后面接表語從句不能用because引導。
考點：表語從句
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90. Hardly would he arrive at his office when his phone calls came in rapid succession.
????????????? A????????????????? B?? ?????C???????????????? D
Note: A錯，應(yīng)改為had he arrived。Hardly…when…意為“剛一…就…”，hardly所在的主句應(yīng)用過去完成時，when所在的從句用一般過去時。
考點：時態(tài)和倒裝
?
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Paper Two?? 試卷二
?
Part II? Translation (35 minutes, 20 points,10 for each section)
?
Section A
Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.
Another kind of distinction that can be made among works of art is whether they were intended as objects to be looked at or to be used. The fine arts, such as painting and sculpture, involve the production of works to be seen and experienced on an abstract level. Pieces of fine art may evoke emotional or spiritual responses in us. Those who love the fine arts feel that these responses are very valuable, for they expand our awareness of the great richness of life itself.
?
參考譯文：
藝術(shù)品的另外一個顯著特征是它是用來觀賞的還是被使用的物品。精美的藝術(shù)品，如繪畫和雕塑，都包含了看得見的和抽象體驗的作品的制作。一件件精美的藝術(shù)品可以喚起我們情感和精神上的響應(yīng)。熱愛藝術(shù)品的人會覺得這些響應(yīng)是非常有價值的，因為它們擴大了我們對生活本身豐富內(nèi)涵的了解。
分析：
1、被動結(jié)構(gòu)：
they were intended as objected to be looked at or to be used.
它是用來觀賞的還是被使用的物品
ü???????? 注：英語的被動句往往譯成漢語后不帶被字結(jié)構(gòu)，注意符合漢語習慣
2、定語的處置：
（1）定語前置：the fine arts精美的藝術(shù)品
?????????????? emotional or spiritual responses情感和精神上的響應(yīng)
ü???????? 注意詞語的選擇
（2）定語后置：objects to be looked at or to be used 用來觀賞的還是被使用的物品
?????????????? the production of works to be seen and experienced
看得見的和抽象體驗的作品的制作
????????????? ?our awareness of the great richness of life itself 我們對生活本身豐富內(nèi)涵的了解
（3）定語從句：Another kind of distinction that can be made among works of art
藝術(shù)品的另外一個顯著特征
Those who love the fine arts 熱愛藝術(shù)品的人
ü???????? 注：英語定語多后置，漢語多前置
3、狀語的處置：…, for they expand our awareness of the great richness of life itself.
?????????????? …因為它們擴大了…
ü???????? 注：for表示補充說明原因，無需提前
4、表語從句：…is whether they were intended as objects to be looked at or to be used
?????????????? 它是用來觀賞的還是被使用的物品
ü???????? 注意whether的翻譯
5、賓語從句：…feel that these responses are very valuable覺得這些響應(yīng)是非常有價值的
Section B
Directions: Translate the following paragraph into English. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.
在17世紀和18世紀，中國的藝術(shù)、建筑和哲學在西方很受欣賞。此外，中國的絲綢、茶葉和瓷器在西方也備受欣賞，并在一定程度上改變了許多西方的生活方式。進入20世紀后期，西方人再次轉(zhuǎn)向中國文化。他們除了喜歡中國菜肴外，還學習漢語，嘗試中國醫(yī)藥，練習中國武術(shù)，觀看功夫電影。
參考譯文：
During the 17th and 18th centuries, Chinese art, architecture and philosophy had been quite appreciated in the west. In addition, Chinese silk, tea and porcelain had been warmly welcomed, and had altered, to some extent, the lifestyle of many westerners. In the last part of the 20th century, the westerners focused their attention on Chinese culture again. Besides enjoying Chinese food, they learned Chinese, tried out Chinese medicine and herbs, watched gongfu films.
分析：
1、被動結(jié)構(gòu)：…很受欣賞 had been quite appreciated
2、并列結(jié)構(gòu)：…也備受欣賞，并在一定程度上改變了許多西方的生活方式
??????????? ?had been warmly welcomed, and had altered, to some extent, the lifestyle…
…學習漢語，嘗試中國醫(yī)藥，練習中國武術(shù)，觀看功夫電影
???????????? they learned Chinese, tried out Chinese medicine and herbs, watched gongfu films.
ü???????? 注：盡量采用相同形式
3、避免重復：…很受欣賞had been quite appreciated
…備受欣賞had been warmly welcomed
ü???????? 注：漢語詞語多重復，英語詞語多變化
4、重點短語：此外 in addition?????? 一定程度上to some extent
5、時間的翻譯：在17世紀和18世紀 during the 17th and 18th centuries
?????????????? 進入20世紀后期in the last part of the 20th century
6、分詞短語的使用：他們除了喜歡中國菜肴外，還學習漢語，…
?????????????????? Besides enjoying Chinese food, they learned Chinese…
ü???????? 注：句子更加簡練
?
7、語序：狀語：在西方很受欣賞had been quite appreciated in the west
ü???????? 注：漢語狀語多前置，英語多后置
定語：許多西方的生活方式the lifestyle of many westerners.
ü???????? 注：漢語定語多前置，英語多后置（形容詞一般前置）
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Part III? Writing (25 minutes, 15 points)
Directions: Read the story in Chinese below, and then write a composition of no less than 150 words under the title of "The Goal of Life". Your composition should be based on the story and the following outline:
1. What have you learned from the story?
2. What is the goal of your life? If you have achieved the goal of your life, what would you do?

　　目 標
????????
??? 在英國有一位殘疾青年，他雙腿走起路來很困難，卻憑著堅強的信念和毅力創(chuàng)造了一次又一次的壯舉：他19歲時登上了世界最高峰珠穆朗瑪峰；21歲時登上了阿爾卑斯山；22歲時登上了乞力馬扎羅山。28歲前他登上了世界上所有著名的高山。然而，就在28歲這一年他自殺了。原來在他11歲時，他父母在攀登乞力馬扎羅山時不幸遭遇雪崩雙雙遇難。他的父母在臨行前給他留下了遺囑，希望他能像父母一樣，登上世界上所有著名的高山。這位殘疾青年把父母的遺囑作為他人生奮斗的目標，當實現(xiàn)全部目標的時候，他感到前所未有的無奈和絕望。他留下遺言：“如今，功成命就的我感到無事可做了，我沒有了新的目標......”
???? ??
寫作提示:
1.本篇作文題屬于情景作文.
2.主題是描寫生活目標的重要性.
3.所提供的故事作為文章論點的正反例子.???
?(范文略)