一、一般現(xiàn)在時 (be;do/does)
1.概念:表示現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的動作、情況、狀態(tài)和特征。經(jīng)常性、習慣性動作。
標志詞:often, sometimes, usually, always, occasionally等和時間狀語如 in the evening, at night, twice a month, on Sundays, every day/week/month/year,等。
用法:
(1).客觀事實和普遍真理。
The earth runs around the sun.
(2)表示一個按規(guī)定、計劃或安排要發(fā)生的動作,(僅限于某些表示“來、去、動 、停、開始、結束、繼續(xù)”等的動詞 )可以與表示未來時間的狀語搭配使用 。常見的用法是:飛機、火車、輪船、汽車等定期定點運行的交通方式。

The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon.

下一趟火車今天下午3點開車。

How often does this shuttle bus run?

這班車多久一趟?

(3)在由 when, after, before, until, till, as soon as,等引導的時間狀語從句或由if, so/as long as, once, even if, although, whether…or…, in case, whatever, whenever, wherever 等引導的條件狀語從句中,通常用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時(主將從現(xiàn))。
When you have finished the report, I will have waited for about 3 hours.

等你完成這份報告的時候,我就已經(jīng)等了將近3個小時了。

二、一般過去時
1.概念:表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或情況。
2.標志詞:yesterday, last year, last night, the other day, just now, then, two days ago, in , at that time等。(有時句子中雖然不含表示過去時間的狀語,但根據(jù)語境可判斷動作或狀態(tài)已經(jīng)發(fā)生,而且與現(xiàn)在沒有任何聯(lián)系,也需用一般過去時。)
三、一般將來時(will / shall do。)
用法: going to do:打算去……,要……
This is just what I am going to say.

這正是我想說的。

about to do:即將、正要,強調近期內或馬上要做的事。
例:Don't worry, I am about to make a close examination on you.

別擔心,我馬上就給你做一次仔細的檢查。

3."be to do":按計劃、安排即將發(fā)生某事或打算做某事。 (客觀安排,人為安排)
例:She is to be seen in the lab on Monday.
星期一你準會在實驗室見到她。
5) 有些動詞,如:arrive, be close, come, do, done, go, have, leave, open, play, return, sleep, start, stay等,用于一般進行時,并且通常與一個表示將來時間的時間狀語連用,可以表示將來時。 例:My mother is coming to visit me next week.(我媽媽下周將來看我。)
四、現(xiàn)在進行時(be doing)
概念:現(xiàn)在正在進行的動作。
標志詞:now, at this moment, look, listen,
五、過去進行時(was/ were doing)
概念:強調在將來的某個具體時間正在發(fā)生的動作或事情。
例:Don't worry, you won't miss her. She will be wearing a red T-shirt and a white skirt at that time.

別擔心,你不會認不出她的。她到時會穿一件紅色的T恤衫和一條白色的短裙。

注意事項:由于本時態(tài)是由將來時和進行時融合在一起的,所以關于本時態(tài)的注意事項,可參考"一般將來時"和"現(xiàn)在進行時"的有關注意事項。
六、現(xiàn)在完成時(have done)
概念:1.表示某動作發(fā)生在過去,強調其對現(xiàn)在的影響。此時用短暫性動詞。標志詞:already, just, yet, never, before,
2. 表示某動作從過去某時刻開始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。此時用延續(xù)性動詞。標志詞:lately, recently, in the past/last few days/years, since then, up to now, so far; since+時間點;for+時間段;

時態(tài)習題:

1. While we __________ (wait) for the bus, a girl __________ (run) up to us.

2. I __________ (telephone) a friend when Bob __________ (come) in.

3. Jim __________ (jump) on the bus as it __________ (move) away.

4. We __________ (test) the new machine when the electricity __________ (go) off.

5. She __________ (not want) to stay in bed while the others ________________ (all, work) in the fields.

6. While mother ________ (put) Cathy to bed, the door bell ________ (ring).

7. As I __________ (walk) in the park, it __________ (begin) to rain.

8. Even when she ___________ (be) a child she ________________ (already, think) of becoming a ballerina (芭蕾舞演員).