對(duì)于大學(xué)英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作來(lái)說(shuō),主要應(yīng)該掌握以下修辭手段,又稱語(yǔ)句辭格,包括結(jié)構(gòu)辭格與語(yǔ)義辭格。

對(duì)比

正反對(duì)比就是要巧妙地運(yùn)用對(duì)稱的英文句式來(lái)表達(dá)互為補(bǔ)充的意思,因此恰當(dāng)?shù)剡\(yùn)用反義詞語(yǔ)往往是必不可少的。如果一旦所要表達(dá)的內(nèi)容具有這種情況,就應(yīng)盡力選用這種對(duì)稱的句式并選用適當(dāng)?shù)姆戳x詞語(yǔ)來(lái)加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)句,實(shí)現(xiàn)語(yǔ)句的亮點(diǎn)。

1)如“很多人很快就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn),他們?cè)谖镔|(zhì)上是富裕了,精神上卻很貧乏”,可以這樣達(dá):

Many people will soon find themselves rich in goods, but ragged in spirit.

(注:句中rich in 與 ragged in, goods 與 spirit 具有正反對(duì)比的關(guān)系和效果。)

2)如“利遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于弊”,可以這樣表達(dá):

The advantages for outweigh the disadvantages.

(注:句中 the advantages 與 the disadvantages 具有正反對(duì)比的關(guān)系和效果。)

3)如“他們注意到了這些說(shuō)法中的一些道理,但他們卻忽視了一個(gè)重要的事實(shí)”,可以這樣表達(dá):

They have noticed a grain of truth in the statements, but have ignored a more important fact.

(注:句中have noticed 與 have ignored, a grain of truth in the statements 與 a more important fact 具有正反對(duì)比的關(guān)系和效果。)

4)如“這樣做既有積極效果也有消極效果”,可以這樣表達(dá):

It will have both negative and positive effects by so doing.

(注:句中negative 與positive具有正反對(duì)比的關(guān)系和效果)

5)如“我們既有與我們很為相似的朋友,又有與我們很為不同的朋友”,可以這樣表達(dá):

We have friends similar to us and friends different from us.

(注: 句中similar to 與 different from具有正反對(duì)比的關(guān)系和效果)