現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和虛擬句的辨析
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
句型:have/has+過(guò)去分詞
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去,但與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)系,即用一個(gè)發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作來(lái)說(shuō)明現(xiàn)在的情況。
虛擬句
這次只探討對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬句,其句型為would/could/should/might have done。
區(qū)別
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)里所發(fā)生的事情都是真實(shí)的,并且時(shí)間點(diǎn)在現(xiàn)在。
而虛擬句指不能實(shí)現(xiàn)或純假想的情況,可以對(duì)過(guò)去、現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)進(jìn)行假想。虛擬語(yǔ)氣的本質(zhì)就是對(duì)根本不可能的情況發(fā)生假設(shè)。
例句對(duì)比
(1)
I have caught the bus because you helped me. 因?yàn)槟愕膸椭亿s上了車(chē)。
If it had not been for your help yesterday, I could not have caught the bus. 如果昨天沒(méi)有你的幫助,我不會(huì)趕上公交車(chē)。(事實(shí)是你昨天已經(jīng)幫助了我,所以我趕上了車(chē))
(2)
We have done something. 我們做了些什么。
If we had realized that we would have done differently. 如果我們?cè)缫庾R(shí)到這一點(diǎn)的話,我們的做法就會(huì)完全不同。(事實(shí)上沒(méi)及時(shí)意識(shí)到。)
(4)
He has been away from the city. 他已離開(kāi)這個(gè)城市。
If he had known the news, he would have stayed here. 如果他知道了那個(gè)新聞,他便會(huì)留下來(lái)。(事實(shí)上他不知道那個(gè)新聞,沒(méi)留下來(lái))
(5)
He hasn't finished his work. 他沒(méi)把工作做完。
If he had realized the importance of the work, he would have finished his work. 如果他意識(shí)到了這個(gè)工作的重要性,他就會(huì)把工作做完了。(事實(shí)上沒(méi)意識(shí)到,沒(méi)做完。)
- 相關(guān)熱點(diǎn):
- 英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)
- 英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法
- 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
- 感恩節(jié)