TEXT The airport, though, is here to stay. To protect it, the new coastline is being bolstered with a formidable twelve kilometers of sea defences. The brunt of a typhoon will be deflected by the neighbouring island of Lantau (10題考點(diǎn)所在); the sea walls (11題考點(diǎn)所在) should guard against the rest. Gentler but more persistent bad weather – downpours of the summer monsoon (12題考點(diǎn)所在) – is also being taken into account. A mat-like material called geotextile (13題考點(diǎn)所在) is being laid across the island to separate the rock and sand layers. That will stop sand particles from being washed into the rock voids, and so causing further settlement. This island is being built never to be sunk.

這是一組只有四題的Local的Summary，只對(duì)應(yīng)文章中最后一個(gè)段落。雖然很斷，但很清楚，原文中所標(biāo)明的考點(diǎn)位置仍然明確地體現(xiàn)出了原題空與空之間、句與句之間的邏輯關(guān)系和順序。這一現(xiàn)象其實(shí)在大量的Summary題目中都存在。

二、主旨o(jì)r細(xì)節(jié)？

再說(shuō)第一要素Gist/Detail。盡管由于近年來(lái)Local的Summary比較活躍，題目所考察的信息有時(shí)候相當(dāng)具體。但作為一段連續(xù)文字、完整句子構(gòu)成的段落，語(yǔ)句之間沒(méi)有任何關(guān)聯(lián)式無(wú)論如何讓人難以想象的事情。

應(yīng)當(dāng)指出，說(shuō)Summary是偏Gist的題型，或者體現(xiàn)出對(duì)Gist考察的題型，并不等于最后填空的答案就是文章大意。這是兩個(gè)概念。和Heading直接以段落主題為主要信息考察點(diǎn)，并且答案常常就是段落TS的改寫不一樣的是，Summary對(duì)于主旨性，結(jié)構(gòu)性信息的考察更多體現(xiàn)在過(guò)程中。我們用于填寫的或者選擇的答案往往只是單詞或詞組，這意味著他們本身并不足以體現(xiàn)出大意，但一兩個(gè)點(diǎn)睛的信號(hào)詞（signposts）則可以清楚地表明題目各考察點(diǎn)的邏輯關(guān)系在原文中的對(duì)應(yīng)，從而讓我們得以到達(dá)最后一步，極大地提高解題過(guò)程的速度和準(zhǔn)確性。

{結(jié)論}

Summary的考點(diǎn)詞也許是細(xì)節(jié)的，但分析定位出這些考點(diǎn)需要的輔助信息往往仍然是結(jié)構(gòu)性的。

我們?cè)俅卫蒙厦娴睦觼?lái)進(jìn)行說(shuō)明。

Questions 10-13

The island will be partially protected from storms by … (10)… and also by … (11) … Further settlement caused by … (12) … will be prevented by the use of … (13) …

TEXT The airport, though, is here to stay. To protect it, the new coastline is being bolstered with a formidable twelve kilometers of sea defences. The brunt of a typhoon will be deflected by the neighbouring island of Lantau (10題考點(diǎn)所在); the sea walls (11題考點(diǎn)所在) should guard against the rest. Gentler but more persistent bad weather – downpours of the summer monsoon (12題考點(diǎn)所在) – is also being taken into account. A mat-like material called geotextile (13題考點(diǎn)所在) is being laid across the island to separate the rock and sand layers. That will stop sand particles from being washed into the rock voids, and so causing further settlement. This island is being built never to be sunk.