科學60秒:機關算盡太聰明，反誤了卿卿性命
來源：滬江聽寫酷
2011-05-21 00:01
文章較難，大家聽寫填空即可~
Baseball players sometimes cheat! One popular method has been to cork the bat. You ____1____ some of the core of the bat, and replace the heavy wood with light cork. You can then swing the lighter bat faster, and thus hit the ball further.
Of course, most ballplayers aren’t physicists, so they don’t realize that by making the bat lighter, they’re reducing ____2____. You swing faster, but get a ____3____ contact. In theory, anyway.
So physicists led by the University of Illinois’s Alan Nathan tested corked bats under controlled conditions. The ____4____ lumber actually usually causes the ball to go less far, they found. The work appears in the online forum the Physics arXiv. So for a power hitter to cork his bat is a bad idea.
But the researchers note that, ____5____, a corked bat might result in more homers from non-homer hitters. Who can watch a pitch slightly longer before swinging, make up for the lost time with a faster swing and achieve more solid contact more often. So a corked bat is a bad idea for Sammy Sosa, who got caught using one. But a good idea for, say, Bucky Dent.
Baseball players sometimes cheat! One popular method has been to cork the bat. You ____1____ some of the core of the bat, and replace the heavy wood with light cork. You can then swing the lighter bat faster, and thus hit the ball further.
Of course, most ballplayers aren’t physicists, so they don’t realize that by making the bat lighter, they’re reducing ____2____. You swing faster, but get a ____3____ contact. In theory, anyway.
So physicists led by the University of Illinois’s Alan Nathan tested corked bats under controlled conditions. The ____4____ lumber actually usually causes the ball to go less far, they found. The work appears in the online forum the Physics arXiv. So for a power hitter to cork his bat is a bad idea.
But the researchers note that, ____5____, a corked bat might result in more homers from non-homer hitters. Who can watch a pitch slightly longer before swinging, make up for the lost time with a faster swing and achieve more solid contact more often. So a corked bat is a bad idea for Sammy Sosa, who got caught using one. But a good idea for, say, Bucky Dent.
drill out
the collision efficiency
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棒球選手有時會作弊！其中一種流行的作弊手段就是在球棒里面填充軟木。把球棒中心挖空，然后用軟木代替重木，你就可以輕而易舉地把球棒揮得更快，把球打得更遠了。
當然，大多數(shù)棒球選手都不是物理學家，所以他們沒有意識到球棒變輕會降低碰撞效率。無論如何，在理論上，你揮棒的速度越快，擊出的球就越綿軟如絲。
為此，在伊利諾斯大學艾倫·內(nèi)森的領導下，物理學家們在恒定條件下對用軟木填充的球棒進行了測試。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，一般情況下，改造過后的球棒的確讓球飛得更沒那么遠。這項發(fā)現(xiàn)已刊登在物理arXiv的網(wǎng)絡論壇上。所以對于一個擊球手來說，用軟木填充球棒可不是一個好主意。
但具有諷刺意味的是，研究人員也提到，用軟木填充球棒可能讓原來打不出本壘打的球手打出更多的本壘打。他們在揮棒之前能稍微多觀察投球一段時間，然后用更快的揮棒速度來彌補時間損失，從而能更頻繁地穩(wěn)定擊球。因此對于塞米·索薩來說，在棒球里填充軟木是個餿主意——因為他曾試過這樣作弊被抓。但是對于某些人來說——比如說布基·丹特——這就是個好主意咯。