科學60秒:醫(yī)療儀器也能人肉充電
來源：滬江聽寫酷
2011-05-23 00:09
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Batteries add weight, and they need recharging. That’s serious business for implanted medical devices. When the batteries die, patients sometimes have to undergo another surgery. But what if there were a compact, flexible material that could ____1____ from the body’s own movement? That’s what Michael McAlpine’s lab at Princeton University designed. He was recently named to Technology Review's list of 35 top innovators under the age of 35.
The key is ____2____ of piezoelectric materials. These become electrically polarized when they’re subject to ____3____, and so movement or pressure can generate electricity. But they’re ordinarily made of hard, inflexible materials, which are also usually ____4____.
So McAlpine’s team created nanoscale piezoelectric devices. They’re ____5____ between layers of silicone. Which, as we know from breast implants, is both flexible and biocompatible.
At a recent talk, McAlpine said that one of the first commercial uses could be to replace batteries in kids’ LED-lit sneakers. But he hopes to see them one day power pacemakers. They could be implanted on the lungs. And so, to keep your heart beating, you’d just take a breath. Which is the usual procedure.
Batteries add weight, and they need recharging. That’s serious business for implanted medical devices. When the batteries die, patients sometimes have to undergo another surgery. But what if there were a compact, flexible material that could ____1____ from the body’s own movement? That’s what Michael McAlpine’s lab at Princeton University designed. He was recently named to Technology Review's list of 35 top innovators under the age of 35.
The key is ____2____ of piezoelectric materials. These become electrically polarized when they’re subject to ____3____, and so movement or pressure can generate electricity. But they’re ordinarily made of hard, inflexible materials, which are also usually ____4____.
So McAlpine’s team created nanoscale piezoelectric devices. They’re ____5____ between layers of silicone. Which, as we know from breast implants, is both flexible and biocompatible.
At a recent talk, McAlpine said that one of the first commercial uses could be to replace batteries in kids’ LED-lit sneakers. But he hopes to see them one day power pacemakers. They could be implanted on the lungs. And so, to keep your heart beating, you’d just take a breath. Which is the usual procedure.
harvest energy
a novel form
mechanical stress
toxic
sequestered
電池會增加重量，而且需要充電。電池對于植入式醫(yī)療儀器來說非常重要。當電池停止工作，病人有時就必須進行另一場手術(shù)。但如果有一種致密柔韌的材料，它可以從自身肢體動作收集能量，那會如何呢？普林斯頓大學邁克爾·麥卡爾平實驗室就發(fā)明了這種材料。邁克爾·麥卡爾平近日被《技術(shù)評論》提名為35歲以下最優(yōu)秀的35位發(fā)明家之一。
這次發(fā)明的關(guān)鍵在于壓電材料形態(tài)的創(chuàng)新。壓電材料受到機械應(yīng)力時會發(fā)生電偏振，因此運動和壓力都可以產(chǎn)生電能。但是一般的壓電材料都非常硬，而且不易彎曲，通常還有毒性。
因此麥卡爾平的隊伍發(fā)明了納米壓電儀器。它們被層層的硅樹脂所隔開。就像我們從隆胸手術(shù)所知道的那樣，硅樹脂非常柔韌，而且不會引起人體排斥。
在最近的一次談話中，麥卡爾平表示這種材料的首次商業(yè)應(yīng)用可能是代替兒童運動鞋中發(fā)光的LED。但是他希望有一天能看見這些材料應(yīng)用在電力心臟起搏器上。它們可以移植在肺里面。而且，手術(shù)之后只需要呼吸就可以讓你的心臟持續(xù)跳動，這個過程普通得不能再普通了。