【專八interview系列】第八期 (3/4)
來(lái)源:滬江聽(tīng)寫(xiě)酷
2014-05-12 04:00
Hints:
Ottawa
Conference of Health Promotion
socio-ecological
depletion
I'm beginning to see your point. A single lifestyle decides nothing if not integrated with a good environment.
That's right. So during the 1980s and 1990s, there has been a growing swing away from seeing lifestyle risks as the root cause of poor health. While lifestyle factors still remain important, health is being viewed also in terms of the social,
economic and environmental contexts in which people live.
This is a new concept of health. And I heard it's called the socio-ecological view, isn't it?
Yes. In 1986, representatives from 38 countries gathered in Ottawa, Canada, to hold the first international Conference of Health Promotion. It was at that conference that the broad socio-ecological view of health was endorsed.
What were the details of the endorsement?
Well, the representatives declared that the fundamental conditions and resources for health are peace, shelter, education, food, a viable income, a stable eco-system, sustainable resources, social justice and equity. Moreover, improvement in health requires a secure foundation in these basic requirements. From this statement, we can find that the creation of health is about much more than encouraging healthy individual behaviors and lifestyles and providing appropriate medical care. It must include addressing such issues as poverty, pollution, urbanization, natural resource depletion, social alienation and poor working conditions.
我慢慢理解你的意思了。如果沒(méi)有良好的環(huán)境,單一的生活方式?jīng)]有任何決定作用。
是的。所以,在20世紀(jì)八九十年代,人們普遍認(rèn)為生活方式的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是不健康的根本原因。盡管生活方式很重要,人們生活的社會(huì)環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境和生態(tài)環(huán)境也會(huì)影響健康。
這是一種新的健康觀念。我聽(tīng)說(shuō)這被稱為社會(huì)生態(tài)學(xué)觀點(diǎn),是嗎?
是的。1986年,來(lái)自38個(gè)國(guó)家的代表齊聚加拿大渥太華,參加首屆國(guó)際健康促進(jìn)會(huì)議。在這次會(huì)議上,廣義的社會(huì)生態(tài)學(xué)觀點(diǎn)被提出。
觀點(diǎn)的具體內(nèi)容是什么呢?
代表們聲稱,健康的基本條件和資源是:和平的政治環(huán)境,穩(wěn)定的住房,基本的教育,充足的食物,適當(dāng)?shù)氖杖?,穩(wěn)定的生態(tài)系統(tǒng),可持續(xù)的資源供應(yīng),公正平等的社會(huì)。此外,健康的改善還需要這些基礎(chǔ)條件的安全保障。根據(jù)這個(gè)聲明,我們能夠發(fā)現(xiàn),要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造健康,不能僅靠鼓勵(lì)個(gè)人的運(yùn)動(dòng)和生活方式,以及提供適當(dāng)?shù)尼t(yī)療保護(hù)。還必須解決貧困問(wèn)題、污染問(wèn)題、城市化問(wèn)題、自然資源匱乏問(wèn)題、社會(huì)疏遠(yuǎn)問(wèn)題和工作條件不善等問(wèn)題。