大家好，四六級(jí)考試臨近，本閣主（ID：hujiangcet）為了幫助廣大考生過級(jí)，特開辟新欄目，考前每天一篇翻譯練習(xí)（選取最有可能考的翻譯題材、段落），供大家日常練習(xí)用。

聲明：押題只是練習(xí)翻譯手感，積累話題詞匯，練習(xí)?？季涫浇Y(jié)構(gòu)，切勿迷信。

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01?蒙古族

原文

蒙古族是一個(gè)富有傳奇色彩的民族，對(duì)亞歐歷史進(jìn)程產(chǎn)生過巨大的影響。

全球蒙古民族共約有820萬，主要分布在中國、蒙古國、俄羅斯三個(gè)國家。

蒙古族服飾包括長袍、腰帶、靴子、首飾等，但因地區(qū)不同在樣式上有所差異。

中國境內(nèi)的蒙古族主要居住在內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)，全區(qū)現(xiàn)有蒙古族人口約達(dá)380萬。

自古以來，蒙古族人善于騎射，素有“馬背上的民族”(the Peop I e on Horseback)之稱。

參考翻譯

Mongolia is a legendary nation that once had a huge impact on the history of Asia and Europe.?

There are about 8.2 million Mongolian people in total in the whole world. They are mainly distributed in the three countries —— China，Mongolia and Russia.

Mongolian costumes include robes，belts，boots，jewelry,etc.，that vary in different styles in different regions.

Mongolians who live in the territory of China mainly reside in the inner Mongolia Autonomous Region，in which there are about 3.8 million Mongolian people.

Since ancient times，Mongolian people are good at riding and shooting. They are known as “the People on Horseback”.

原文

蒙古族牧民(Mongolian herdsmen)的生活方式很有特色。牧民們喜歡吃牛羊肉和奶制品，喜歡喝紅茶和磚茶。

他們大多住在圓形的蒙古包(Mongolian yurt)里。蒙古包頂上開有天窗(skylight)，用來通風(fēng)和采光。蒙古族是一個(gè)能騎善射、能歌善舞的民族。

每年七八月舉行的“那達(dá)慕”大會(huì)(the NadamFair)，是蒙古族同胞—年一度的盛大節(jié)日。大會(huì)上有賽馬、摔跤、射箭比賽和精彩的歌舞表演。

每逢盛會(huì)，人們都從四面八方趕來參加比賽、觀看表演，寧靜的大草原頓時(shí)變成了歡樂的海洋。

參考翻譯

The lifestyle of Mongolian herdsmen is distinctive. Herdsmen like eating beef, mutton and dairy products and drinking black tea and brick tea.?

Most of them live in Mongolian yurt with a skylight for ventilating and lighting. Mongolian people are expert at horseback riding and shooting and skilled in singing and dancing.?

The Nadam Fair held in July or August every year is an annual grand festival for Mongolian people. There are horse racing, wrestling, archery contest and wonderful dancing and singing performances during the festival.?

During each Nadam Fair, people from different places come to compete and watch performances, instantly turning the quiet grasslands into a sea of pleasure.

難點(diǎn)點(diǎn)撥

1.蒙古族牧民的生活方式很有特色：作為段落的第一句，翻譯時(shí)一定要恰當(dāng)處理。這里譯者很靈活地把“很有特色”處理為be distinctive，表示跟其他民族不同，特色鮮明；另外，"牧民”還可以譯為shepherds。

2.紅茶和磚茶：不能想當(dāng)然地把紅茶譯為red tea，而是blacktea；我們對(duì)“磚茶” 可能也不太熟悉，磚茶是一種外形為長方體的緊壓茶，文中譯為brick tea，也可音譯為Zhuan Tea。

3.頂上開有天窗：采用介詞短語with a skylight，簡潔明了。

4.能騎善射、能歌善舞：中文為并列關(guān)系，英文也應(yīng)譯為并列的短句be expert at horseback riding and shooting and skilled in singing and dancing。

5.賽馬、摔跤、射箭比：可譯為horse racing, wrestling, archery contest。

6.歡樂的海洋：可譯為a sea of joy/pleasure。

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02?維吾爾族

原文

維吾爾族(Uygur)是中國的一個(gè)少數(shù)民族。維吾爾族人喜歡喝奶茶，吃肉和用面粉烤制的馕(nang)。

他們有自己的語言和文字。他們的文學(xué)具有一種獨(dú)特的民族風(fēng)格，其中“阿凡提的故事”(the Story of Afanti) 中國各族人民的喜愛。

維吾爾族是個(gè)能歌善舞的民族，每逢節(jié)日和婚禮，他們都會(huì)邀請(qǐng)客人和他們一起跳傳統(tǒng)民間舞蹈。他們的民歌優(yōu)美動(dòng)聽，被廣泛傳唱。

參考翻譯

The Uygur is a Chinese ethnic minority. Uygur people like to drink milk tea, eat meat and nang baked with flour.

They have their own spoken and written languages. Uygur literature is of a unique ethnic style, among which the Story of Afanti is favored by all ethnic groups in China.

Uygur people are good at singing and dancing. They will invite guests to join them in their traditional folk dance in festivals and wedding ceremonies. Their folk songs sound beautiful and are widely sung.

難點(diǎn)點(diǎn)撥

1.第2句中的定語“用面粉烤制的”較長，可將其處理成后置定語，用分詞短語baked with flour來表達(dá)，表被動(dòng)。

2.在第3句中，“語言”側(cè)重指口頭的，而“文字”則側(cè)重指書面的，故該句可譯為They have their own spoken and written languages。該句也可對(duì)應(yīng)地譯為 They have their own languages and characters。

3.在第4句中，“具有……風(fēng)格”可用be of... style來表達(dá);“其中……”可用among which引導(dǎo)的定語從句來表達(dá)，將前后兩個(gè)分句連接起來，使分句間的語義關(guān)系更加緊密。

4.倒數(shù)第2句較長，后兩個(gè)分句“每逢……”和“他們都會(huì)……”之間語義聯(lián)系緊密，可合譯為一個(gè)句子，第1個(gè)分句則單獨(dú)另成一句。在“維吾爾族是個(gè)能歌善舞的民族”中，“能歌善舞”的施動(dòng)者是“人”，而非“民族”,故需譯為 The Uygur people are good at...。“每逢......”作狀語，可譯為 in festivals and wedding ceremonies，置于句末。

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03?少數(shù)民族

原文

中國是一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的多民族國家，由56個(gè)民族組成。中國一直實(shí)行民族平等的政策。

在各個(gè)民族中，漢族人口最多，占全國總?cè)丝诘?1%以上。

其余的55個(gè)民族習(xí)慣上被稱為少數(shù)民族。少數(shù)民族人口數(shù)量雖少，但地區(qū)分布很廣，主要居住在西北、西南和東北等地。

蒙古族主要分布于內(nèi)蒙古高原（Inner Mongolian Plateau ),被稱為“草原民族(Grassland people)”；藏族主要分布于青藏高原，被稱為“髙原之鷹”(Eagles of Plateau)。

千百年來，中國各族人民在不同的自然和社會(huì)歷史條件下，形成了不同特色的風(fēng)俗和習(xí)慣。

參考翻譯

China, a united multi-ethnic nation, is comprised of 56 ethnic groups. China has always implemented the policy of equity among the many ethnic groups.

Among the 56 ethnic groups, the Han nationality has the largest population, accounting for more than 91% of the total.?

The other 55 ethnic groups are traditionally referred to as ethnic minorities. The ethnic minorities, though with a considerably small population, are distributed far and wide in China, and mostly live in the northwest, southwest and northeast.?

Inner Mongolians often called the “Grassland people”, are mainly distributed on the Inner Mongolian Plateau. Tibetans distributed on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are often called the "Eagles of Plateau".

For thousands of years, various customs and habits of different Chinese ethnic groups have been developed under different natural, social and historical conditions.

難點(diǎn)點(diǎn)撥

1. 多民族國家:可譯為multi-ethnic nation。

2. 由...組成:可譯為be comprised of或consist of。

3. 被稱為...:即be?referred?to?as...

4. 蒙古高原:可譯為Mongolian Plateau。而Qinghai-Tibet Plateau意為“青藏高原”。

5.占全國總?cè)丝诘?1%以上:“占…比例”用詞組account for來表達(dá)，譯文中用現(xiàn)在分詞accounting for作狀語。

6. 分布很廣:可譯為be distributed far and wide。

7.在不同的自然和社會(huì)歷史條件下:可譯為under?different?natural, social?and?historical?conditions