?????? 本文難度稍大，需要考生快速定位，并且需要考生對原文信息作合理推斷。解析如下：

11.?? 本題定位于第一段。段落分析如下：

In the information technology industry, it is widely acknowledged that how well IT departments of the future can fulfil their business goals will depend not on the regular updating of technology, which is essential for them to do, but on how well they can hold on to the people skilled at manipulating the newest technology. This is becoming more difficult. Best estimates of the current shortfall in IT staff in the UK are between 30,000 and 50,000, and growing.

?????? 本段中除黑體字外均為鋪墊或例證部分。選項中(C) their attempts to recruit staff with the necessary skills有一定迷惑性，為對原文定位的不當(dāng)闡釋。

12. 本題為細(xì)節(jié)題中的段意總結(jié)題。正確答案為B。段落分析如下：

And there is no end to the problem in sight. A severe industry-wide lack of investment in training means the long-term skills base is both ageing and shrinking. Employers are chasing experienced staff in ever-decreasing circles, and, according to a recent government report, 250,000 new IT jobs will be created over the next decade.

?????? 黑體字部分為段落主旨。具體指明了IT行業(yè)的人才短缺問題的具體表現(xiàn)是：ageing（老化）和shrinking (驟減)。選項(B) the pool of skilled IT people will get even smaller in the future

將兩方面問題很好的總結(jié)出來了：首先，even smaller表示可選范圍已經(jīng)很小，將來隨著人才年齡老化，選擇雇員的范圍會更小；其次，skilled IT people也說明本行業(yè)對人才要求較高。符合段意。其他三個選項則都是對原文的過度闡釋。如(A) the government needs to create thousands of new IT posts。這只能算是政府部分有可能為該現(xiàn)象提供的一個solution, 而且文中并未提到，更重要的是，該選項與題意不符。再如(C) company budgets for IT training have been decreasing steadily 出現(xiàn)了budget的概念，該段并未提到。(D) older IT professionals have no adequate training則完全是錯誤闡釋。

13. 本題難度較大，考生失分率相當(dāng)高。正確答案為B。本題有兩種解法：

l???????? 首先可在第三段中找到Most employers are confining themselves to dealing with the immediate problems. There is little evidence, for example, that they are stepping up their intake of raw recruits for in-house training, or retraining existing staff from other functions. This is the course of action recommended by the Computer Software Services Association, but research shows its members are adopting the short-term measure of bringing in more and more consultants on a contract basis.

?????? 從上文可以看出，黑體劃線部分的raw recruits for inhouse training 就是訓(xùn)練新員工，retraining existing staff from other functions意為對old employees進(jìn)行培訓(xùn)。解題時因為無法利用題干中的long-term直接定位，所以考生應(yīng)該快速找到本段結(jié)尾的short-term, 并且通過轉(zhuǎn)折詞but 確定該處存在一處對比，那么前面的部分即是某研究部門推薦的long-term 的解決方案了。

l???????? 另外，該題還可以用排除法來解。這種方法比較費(fèi)時，但是更加準(zhǔn)確。如果考生實在無法確定定位，可以嘗試定位其他選項，并將其排除掉。A選項主要考點(diǎn)為rate一詞的多種含義。除了為一般考生所熟知的“比率”這個含義之外，rate還可以表示“費(fèi)用或價格的量度”，可以找到定位為：

While many companies in the financial services sector are managing to contain their losses by offering skilled IT staff "golden handcuffs"—deferred loyalty bonuses that tie them in until a certain date—other organisations, like local governments, are unable to match the competitive salaries and perks on offer in the private sector and contractor market, and are suffering turnover rates of up to 60% a year.

?????? 在本段中，黑體字所標(biāo)部分繼續(xù)深入說明很多企業(yè)無法留住人才的原因，其中包含了一組隱形的對比結(jié)構(gòu)。請大家注意其中other一詞的用法。其他機(jī)構(gòu)（如政府部門等public sectors）無法做到提供有競爭力的工資，這就意味著有些private sectors 是可以做到這一點(diǎn)的，而事實上它們（private sectors）也確實是用這種高工資的方式來留住人才的。但是，只要對于某些部門來說執(zhí)行有困難，又不能提出排除困難的方案，就不能作為正確答案了。至于C,D兩個選項，排除難度比較小，C選項是對原文but research shows its members are adopting the short-term measure of bringing in more and more consultants on a contract basis.的誤解，而D選項則與該句意思相反。

14．? 該題的定位仍然是第四段。答案為A。首先考生應(yīng)該根據(jù)financial services sector進(jìn)行定位。確定查找范圍后對比選項和原文的詞句，會發(fā)現(xiàn)loyalty bonuses即是additional benefits; until a certain date即是after a specified period of time。所以可以直接定位為A選項。其他選項均為對題干的錯誤定位或?qū)υ牡腻e誤理解。

15. ?該題定位為全文最后一句轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系句子However, employers are realising that bonuses will only succeed if they are accompanied by other incentives such as attractive career prospects, training, and challenging work that meets the individual's long-term ambitions. 答案為C。