【原文】

我們要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造更加良好的政治環(huán)境和更加自由的學(xué)術(shù)氛圍，讓人民追求真理、崇尚理性、尊重科學(xué)，探索自然的奧秘、社會(huì)的法則和人生的真諦。做學(xué)問(wèn)、搞科研，尤其需要倡導(dǎo)“獨(dú)立之精神，自由之思想”。正因?yàn)橛辛顺浞值膶W(xué)術(shù)自由，像牛頓這樣在人類(lèi)歷史上具有偉大影響的科學(xué)家，才能夠思潮奔騰、才華迸發(fā)，敢于思考前人從未思考過(guò)的問(wèn)題，敢于踏進(jìn)前人從未涉足的領(lǐng)域。不久前，我同中國(guó)科學(xué)家交流時(shí)提出，要大力營(yíng)造敢于創(chuàng)造、敢冒風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、敢于批判和寬容失敗的環(huán)境，鼓勵(lì)自由探索，提倡學(xué)術(shù)爭(zhēng)鳴。

我們歷來(lái)主張尊重世界文明的多樣性，倡導(dǎo)不同文明之間的對(duì)話、交流與合作。我國(guó)已故著名社會(huì)學(xué)家費(fèi)孝通先生，上世紀(jì)30年代曾就讀于倫敦政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)院并獲得博士學(xué)位，一生飽經(jīng)滄桑。他在晚年提出：“各美其美，美人之美，美美與共，世界大同?！?費(fèi)老先生的這一人生感悟，生動(dòng)反映了當(dāng)代中國(guó)人開(kāi)放包容的胸懷。

【參考譯文】

We should create a better political environment and a freer academic atmosphere in which people can pursue truth, exercise reasoning and respect science, in which the mysteries of nature, the laws governing society and the true meaning of life can be fully explored. The spirit of independence and freedom in thinking is particularly important in academic studies and research. It was in an environment of academic freedom that great scientists like Isaac Newton, who had a profound impact on human history, were able to bring out their best, probe issues not questioned by predecessors and blaze a new trail. In my recent conversation with some Chinese scientists, I called for creating an environment which encourages innovation, criticism and risk-taking and tolerates failure, an environment that encourages free exploration of new things and stimulates academic debate.

We have always called for respecting the diversity of civilizations and advocated dialogue, exchanges and cooperation among them. The late Mr. Fei Xiaotong, a well-known Chinese sociologist, received his PhD at the London School of Economics and Political Science in the 1930s. Having gone through many vicissitudes in life, he concluded in his late years that "The world will be a harmonious place if people appreciate their own beauty and that of others, and work together to create beauty in the world." These thoughts best illustrate the open and inclusive mindset of China today.

【評(píng)析】

出自溫總理在英國(guó)皇家學(xué)會(huì)上的演講。6月27日，溫總理到訪英國(guó)皇家學(xué)會(huì)，發(fā)表了“中國(guó)改革開(kāi)放以來(lái)的發(fā)展變化及未來(lái)中國(guó)的走向”為主題的演講，其中涉及大量國(guó)家政治經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)建設(shè)、科技發(fā)展、人民生活等宏大議題。

文中關(guān)鍵詞有：獨(dú)立精神，spirit of independence；學(xué)術(shù)自由，academic freedom；文明多樣性，diversity of civilizations；學(xué)術(shù)爭(zhēng)鳴，academic debate等。

文中開(kāi)篇第一句的難點(diǎn)在于斷句并找出文中暗含的關(guān)系。同學(xué)們一般采用的就是全部并列，忽略前后之間暗含的關(guān)系，示范譯文處理為“in which”的關(guān)系。

“大力營(yíng)造敢于創(chuàng)造、敢冒風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、敢于批判和寬容失敗的環(huán)境”考察的是學(xué)生在漢譯英時(shí)詞性轉(zhuǎn)換的能力，譯文通過(guò)“encourages innovation, criticism and risk-taking and tolerates failure”意譯出原文。

專(zhuān)有名詞，如牛頓、倫敦政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)院，也比較考驗(yàn)學(xué)生的常識(shí)積累。

“各美其美，美人之美，美美與共，世界大同?！边@就要求擁有一定的文化積淀，準(zhǔn)確理解其內(nèi)涵，并用通俗易懂的語(yǔ)言轉(zhuǎn)化為英文。