積極的財政政策要加力增效。今年擬安排財政赤字1. 62 萬億元，比去年增加2700億元，赤字率從去年的 2.1%提高到2.3%。
Our proactive fiscal policy must sustain the momentum of economic growth and increase economic returns. The government budget deficit for 2015 is projected to be 1.62 trillion yuan, an increase of 270 billion yuan over last year, which means that the deficit to GDP ratio will rise from last year’s 2.1% to 2.3%.

“增效”，因為這里講的是經濟相關，可以理解為經濟效益，也是有很多不同的譯法，例如：

① 講究經濟效益 take into consideration the economic benefits;
② 以最少的消耗取得最大的經濟效益
obtain the maximum economic results at minimum costs;
③ 經濟效益和社會效益
economic returns and social benefits

比去年增加2700億元，這類結構前面遇到過很多次了，基本上都是毫無懸念的 an increase of 之類的譯法。

which means that，也是一個梳理句子關系的處理方式，好處就是顯得邏輯清晰，結構緊湊，避免再另起一句。和前面的 This means that 類似。

赤字率 the deficit to GDP ratio （赤字/GDP）

除了譯文的這種表達，有時也不用對應名詞，而是揉到句子里翻譯，也說明對于看上去可能不好譯的詞，用句子結構來體現(xiàn)也是個辦法。比如：

赤字規(guī)模比上年預算減少1500億元，赤字率下降到 2%左右。
This deficit is 150 billion yuan less than budgeted last year, and the deficit will decrease to around 2% of GDP.

其中，中央財政赤字1. 12 萬億元，增加 1700 億元；地方財政赤字 5000 億元，增加 1000 億元。
Of this amount, the central government deficit will account for 1.12 trillion yuan, an increase of 170 billion yuan, and local government deficit will account for 500 billion yuan, an increase of 100 billion yuan.

中央財政赤字 the central government deficit
中央，有時候是黨中央，有時候是中央政府，需要分清楚。

“是”多少，之前有 report，register，stand at，reach，現(xiàn)在又有了新的譯法 account for （共計，達）

增加 1700 億元，再次出現(xiàn) an increase of

處理好債務管理與穩(wěn)增長的關系，創(chuàng)新和完善地方政府舉債融資機制。
We need to find the right balance between managing debt and maintaining steady growth. We will develop and improve mechanisms for local governments to secure financing through bond issuance.

創(chuàng)新和完善地方政府舉債融資機制，需要提取主干 “創(chuàng)新和完善XX機制”，英譯時就成了 “創(chuàng)新和完善機制 to XX”，此類結構較為常見。

處理好·····的關系： find/get the right balance between
債務管理 managing debt
穩(wěn)增長 maintaining steady growth
舉債 bond issuance
舉債融資 secure financing through bond issuance （理解邏輯結構）

適當發(fā)行專項債券。保障符合條件的在建項目后續(xù)融資，防范和化解風險隱患。
We will allow local governments to issue an appropriate amount of special bonds, ensure continued financing for eligible projects already under construction, and guard against and defuse risks and latent dangers.

適當發(fā)行專項債券，譯文給這句補充了主語“地方政府”。翻譯并不是單純的語言轉換，更重要的是還原、闡述信息，翻譯完讀者不能看不懂，看不懂就可能會投訴譯者翻得不好。所以既要轉換，又要解釋。

適當發(fā)行 issue an appropriate amount of （轉移修飾中心 adv→adj）
專項債券 special bonds
專項轉移支付項目 items receiving special transfer payments
符合條件的 eligible
防范和化解 guard against and defuse
風險隱患 risks and latent dangers / hidden risks
后續(xù)融資 continued financing

優(yōu)化財政支出結構，大力盤活存量資金，提高使用效率。
We will improve the mix of budgetary spending, redouble our efforts to put government funds on hand into use, and strengthen the effectiveness of government spending.

優(yōu)化 optimize/ improve/ upgrade （每個中文詞都有很多對應）
結構 mix
大力（全文11次）： redouble our efforts / channeled great energy
財政支出 budgetary spending / financial expenditure /spending
盤活存量資金 put government funds on hand into use (前面有類似的表達，這里譯得更好)

繼續(xù)實行結構性減稅和普遍性降費，進一步減輕企業(yè)特別是小微企業(yè)負擔。
We will continue to make structural tax reductions and cut fees across the board so as to further lighten the burden on enterprises, particularly small and micro businesses.

so as to，增譯的邏輯鏈接成分。

“特別是”，這種地方經常用插入語單獨列出來，常常在后面。

例如：支持農產品加工特別是主產區(qū)糧食就地轉化
We will offer support for agricultural products to be processed locally, particularly for grain processing in major grain-growing areas

結構性減稅 structural tax reductions
普遍性降費 cut fees across the board

穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策要松緊適度。廣義貨幣M2預期增長12%左右，在實際執(zhí)行中，根據(jù)經濟發(fā)展需要，也可以略高些。
We will pursue prudent and balanced monetary policy. The M2 money supply is forecasted to grow by around 12% in 2015, but the actual supply may be slightly higher than this projection depending on the needs of economic development.

廣義貨幣 Broad money （M2 ）
廣義貨幣供應量 The M2 money supply
經濟發(fā)展需要 the needs of economic development
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