二、加強(qiáng)憲法實(shí)施和監(jiān)督工作
2. We strengthened efforts to ensure and oversee the enforcement of the Constitution.

全面貫徹實(shí)施憲法，是建設(shè)社會(huì)主義法治國(guó)家的首要任務(wù)和基礎(chǔ)性工作。常委會(huì)始終恪守憲法原則，履行憲法監(jiān)督職責(zé)，大力弘揚(yáng)憲法精神，堅(jiān)決維護(hù)憲法權(quán)威，保證憲法全面有效實(shí)施。
Ensuring the full enforcement of the Constitution represents the most important and fundamental task in building China into a socialist rule of law country. With a continued commitment to upholding the principles of the Constitution, the Standing Committee has worked to fulfill its duty to oversee the enforcement of the Constitution, energetically promote the spirit of the Constitution, resolutely safeguard its authority, and ensure its full and effective enforcement.

（一）建立憲法宣誓制度。常委會(huì)審議通過(guò)《全國(guó)人民代表大會(huì)常務(wù)委員會(huì)關(guān)于實(shí)行憲法宣誓制度的決定》，以國(guó)家立法形式建立了我國(guó)的憲法宣誓制度，明確規(guī)定：“各級(jí)人民代表大會(huì)及縣級(jí)以上人民代表大會(huì)常務(wù)委員會(huì)選舉或者決定任命的國(guó)家工作人員，以及各級(jí)人民政府、人民法院、人民檢察院任命的國(guó)家工作人員，在就職時(shí)應(yīng)當(dāng)公開進(jìn)行憲法宣誓?！边@是深入推進(jìn)依法治國(guó)、依憲治國(guó)的重大舉措。憲法宣誓誓詞，體現(xiàn)了國(guó)家工作人員對(duì)祖國(guó)對(duì)人民應(yīng)有的忠誠(chéng)、擔(dān)當(dāng)和莊嚴(yán)承諾。實(shí)行憲法宣誓制度，將有力地激勵(lì)和教育國(guó)家工作人員忠于憲法、遵守憲法、維護(hù)憲法，加強(qiáng)憲法實(shí)施和監(jiān)督。
1) We introduced a system of pledging allegiance to the Constitution.The Standing Committee examined and adopted the Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress on Implementing the System of Pledging Allegiance to the Constitution, thereby establishing the system into national law. The decision stipulates, “All those who are elected or appointed to public office by people’s congresses at all levels or by the standing committees of people’s congresses at and above the county level as well as by people’s governments, people’s courts, and people’s procuratorates at all levels shall make a public pledge of allegiance to the Constitution when they officially assume office.” This is a major measure for promoting governance of the country based on the Constitution and other laws. The words of the pledge embody the sense of loyalty, responsibility, and commitment that public servants are expected to have toward their country and people. The practice of pledging allegiance to the Constitution will play an important role in urging public servants to remain loyal to, comply with, and safeguard the Constitution, which in turn will help us in our efforts to ensure and oversee the enforcement of the Constitution.

（二）實(shí)施憲法規(guī)定的特赦制度。為了紀(jì)念中國(guó)人民抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)暨世界反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)勝利70周年，貫徹黨中央決策部署，根據(jù)憲法有關(guān)規(guī)定，常委會(huì)通過(guò)關(guān)于特赦部分服刑罪犯的決定，國(guó)家主席發(fā)布特赦令，對(duì)參加過(guò)中國(guó)人民抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、中國(guó)人民解放戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)等4類部分服刑罪犯實(shí)行特赦。這是新中國(guó)成立以來(lái)第八次、也是改革開放以來(lái)第一次實(shí)行特赦，是實(shí)施憲法規(guī)定的特赦制度、貫徹全面依法治國(guó)和體現(xiàn)人道主義精神的新實(shí)踐，具有重大政治意義和法治意義。
2) We exercised constitutional stipulations on amnesty.In commemorating the 70th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and in the Global War against Fascism, and acting in line with the decisions and plans of the CPC Central Committee, the NPC Standing Committee, in compliance with the relevant provisions of the Constitution, adopted a decision on granting amnesty to certain prisoners. The President of China issued an order, granting amnesty to prisoners falling into four categories, with one category being those who fought in the War of Resistance and those who fought in the War of Liberation. This marks the eighth time since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, and the first time since the introduction of the reform and opening up policy, that amnesty has been granted in China. The granting of amnesty represents a new step that has been taken to implement the system of amnesty as stipulated in the Constitution, advance the law-based governance of China in all areas, and apply the spirit of humanitarianism, and therefore has major political and legal implications.

（三）制定國(guó)家勛章和國(guó)家榮譽(yù)稱號(hào)法。國(guó)家功勛榮譽(yù)表彰制度是憲法規(guī)定的國(guó)家重要制度。為了依法褒獎(jiǎng)作出突出貢獻(xiàn)的杰出人士，培育和弘揚(yáng)社會(huì)主義核心價(jià)值觀，增強(qiáng)中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義事業(yè)的凝聚力和感召力，常委會(huì)根據(jù)憲法第67條第16項(xiàng)的規(guī)定，在總結(jié)以往授勛實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ)上，起草并審議通過(guò)了國(guó)家勛章和國(guó)家榮譽(yù)稱號(hào)法。這部法律，明確了國(guó)家勛章和國(guó)家榮譽(yù)稱號(hào)的設(shè)立、授予對(duì)象、授予程序等最主要、最基本的制度，為推動(dòng)建立健全黨和國(guó)家功勛榮譽(yù)表彰制度體系奠定了重要法治基礎(chǔ)。
3) We enacted the Law on National Medals and Titles of Honor.The system of national awards and honors is an important system stipulated in the Constitution. In order to commend and award those who have made outstanding contributions to our country, foster and promote the core socialist values, and enhance the cohesiveness and appeal of socialism with Chinese characteristics, the Standing Committee, in accordance with Paragraph 16 under Article 67 of the Constitution and on the basis of a review of the past experience in granting medals and awards, drafted and then deliberated and passed the Law on National Medals and Titles of Honor. This law has defined the most important and fundamental provisions concerning national medals and honorary titles, such as the establishment of such medals and titles, eligible recipients, and awarding procedures, thereby laying down an important legal basis for establishing and improving relevant systems of Party and state awards and honors.

（四）健全規(guī)范性文件備案審查制度。對(duì)規(guī)范性文件實(shí)行備案審查，是維護(hù)憲法尊嚴(yán)、保證國(guó)家法制統(tǒng)一的重要制度。常委會(huì)以貫徹實(shí)施修改后的立法法為契機(jī)，加強(qiáng)備案審查制度和能力建設(shè)。常委會(huì)工作機(jī)構(gòu)與有關(guān)方面共同建立法規(guī)、規(guī)章和規(guī)范性文件備案審查銜接聯(lián)動(dòng)機(jī)制。經(jīng)過(guò)多年的努力，我國(guó)各類法規(guī)、規(guī)章、司法解釋和規(guī)范性文件都已納入備案審查范圍；經(jīng)審查，發(fā)現(xiàn)有違反憲法法律的，依法依規(guī)予以撤銷和糾正，實(shí)行有件必備、有備必審、有錯(cuò)必糾。一年來(lái)，常委會(huì)工作機(jī)構(gòu)對(duì)“一府兩院”報(bào)備的30多件行政法規(guī)、司法解釋逐件進(jìn)行審查，對(duì)部分地方性法規(guī)開展主動(dòng)審查，研究各方面提出的200多件審查建議，認(rèn)真做好備案審查工作。
4) We improved the recording and review system for normative documents.The recording and review of normative documents constitutes an important system for safeguarding the authority of the Constitution and ensuring legislative consistency. Seizing on the opportunity provided by the implementation of the revised Legislation Law, the Standing Committee took steps not only to improve the system of recording and reviewing normative documents, but also to enhance its capacity to implement this system. The working bodies of the Standing Committee, working in collaboration with relevant departments, established a mechanism for coordinating the recording and review of regulations, rules, and other normative documents. Thanks to years of efforts, all types of regulations, rules, judicial interpretations, and other normative documents have been brought under the scope of recording and review, and we have worked to see to it that any normative document that is found to, through review, conflict with the Constitution or any other law is rescinded or corrected in accordance with the law and relevant regulations. Our policy in this regard is to ensure that all normative documents are kept on record, all documents on record are examined, and all mistakes discovered in these documents are rectified. Over the past year, the working bodies of the Standing Committee reviewed over 30 administrative regulations and judicial interpretations submitted by the State Council, the Supreme People’s Court, and the Supreme People’s Procuratorate. They have also taken the initiative to review certain local regulations, studying over 200 suggestions from various departments. In doing so, they have ensured proper recording and review of normative documents.

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