2012年高考二輪專題訓(xùn)練:時態(tài)
1.(2011上海春) I’m sure you will do better in the test because you _______ so hard this year.
A. studied B. had studied C. will study D. have been studying
答案:D
解析:“我肯定這次的考試你會考得更好,因為這一年里一一直在努力學(xué)習(xí)”。根據(jù)題干,努力學(xué)習(xí)是這一年中一直在做的事情,并且到目前為止還在學(xué)習(xí);have been studying是現(xiàn)在完成進行時,指動作發(fā)生在過去,到現(xiàn)在為止還為停止,故選擇D項。Studied是一般過去時,暗指現(xiàn)在不學(xué)了,指學(xué)習(xí)還未開始,不符合題意。
2.(2010江蘇) -- Why, Jack, you look so tired!
-- Well, I _______ the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.
A. was painting B. will be painting C. have painted D. have been painting
答案:D
解析:“杰克,你為什么看起來如此疲憊?”“哦,我一直都在粉刷房子,并且我明天必須完成?!北绢}考查動詞時態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)采用現(xiàn)在完成進行時,強調(diào)動作一直在延續(xù)。A項為過去進行時態(tài),表示過去某時間或過去某階段內(nèi)動作正在進行;B項為將來進行時態(tài),表示將來某時刻動作正在進行;C項為現(xiàn)在完成時,強調(diào)過去的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響,均不符合語境,可排除。
3.(2010陜西) I have to see the doctor because I _______ a lot lately.
A. have been coughing B. had coughed C. coughed D. cough
答案:A
解析:“我得去看醫(yī)生,因為我進來一直都咳嗽得很厲害”。本題考查的是時態(tài)問題。根據(jù)句子中的lately,可知設(shè)空處表示現(xiàn)在的事情,故用現(xiàn)在時,排除BC兩項;D項表示習(xí)慣性動作,故被排除。現(xiàn)在完成進行時表示動作從過去開始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在且現(xiàn)在還在進行。
4.(2010安徽) -- ?We’ve spent too much money recently.
-- Well, it isn’t surprising. Our friends and relatives _______ around all the time.
A. are coming B. had come?C. were coming D. have been coming
答案:D
解析:“我們最近花了很多錢?!薄芭叮@不奇怪。我們的朋友和親戚最近不斷到我們家來?!北绢}考查時態(tài)。Have been coming是現(xiàn)在完成進行時,表示某個動作從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,根據(jù)第一句中的have spent可知選項應(yīng)該強調(diào)最近一段時間的狀況,故選D,排除BC;而A是現(xiàn)在進行時,和句中的all the time矛盾,故排除。
5.(2010江西) Mother wanted to be a good provider, a role she _______ since her marriage to Father.
A. shoulders B. shouldered C. is shouldering D. has been shouldering
答案:D
解析:“媽媽想做一個好的(家庭)供應(yīng)者,一個自從和父親結(jié)婚以來就一直承擔(dān)著的角色”。本題考查動詞時態(tài)。由since和題意可知本題應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進行時。
6.(2010遼寧) Joseph _______ to evening classes since last month, but he still can’t say “What’s your name” in Russian.
A. has been going B. went C. goes D. has gone
答案:A
解析:“Joseph從上個月就開始上夜校,但是他還不會用俄語說‘你叫什么名字’呢”。本題考查時態(tài)。從時間狀語“自從上個月開始”,可知需用現(xiàn)在完成時,又因為說話時他還在繼續(xù)上課,所有要用現(xiàn)在完成進行時。
7.(2010湖南) I’m tired out. I _______ all afternoon and I don’t seem to have finished anything.
A. shopped B. have shopped C. had shopped D. have been shopping
答案:D
解析:“我累極了。我整個下午一直都在購物,但似乎什么都沒做成?!北绢}考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)題干“I’m tired”中的am及all afternoon可知說話者說的是現(xiàn)在是事情,故排除AC兩項;現(xiàn)在完成進行時是現(xiàn)在完成時和現(xiàn)在進行時的組合,“進行體”可用來表示說話者的態(tài)度,本句中用進行體表示說話者抱怨的態(tài)度,故答案為D項。
8.(2010天津) We _______ on this project for four hours. Let’s have a rest.
A. are working B. have been working C. worked D. had worked
答案:B
解析:“我們已經(jīng)連續(xù)做這個工程四個小時了,休息一下吧”。本題考查動詞時態(tài)。根據(jù)語境中“休息一下吧”可知工程尚未完成,又結(jié)合題干中的for four hours,可推知設(shè)空處應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成進行時。
9.(2009遼寧) Excuse me, Marcia, a reporter from Vanity Fair __________ all day. Could you speak to her now?
A. phones B. has phoned C. has been phoning D. phoned
答案:C
解析:句意“打擾了,Marcia,一名Vanity Fair的記者打了一整天電話。你現(xiàn)在可以接他的電話嗎?”根據(jù)句意和時間狀語all day可知,此句用現(xiàn)在完成進行時表示說話人的一種情感,如:不滿,抱怨,責(zé)備等。注意:現(xiàn)在完成時表示到目前為止動作可能已經(jīng)結(jié)束,側(cè)重對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響或結(jié)果。
10.(2009浙江) Over the past decades, sea ice __________ in the Arctic as a result of global warming.
A. had decreased B. decreased?C. has been decreasing D. is decreasing
答案:C
解析:本題考查現(xiàn)在完成進行時。句意“在過去幾十年里,由于全球變暖,北極的海冰一直在減少”。由時間狀語Over the past decades可知,主句只能用現(xiàn)在完成進行時,故選C。
11.(2009山東) The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities __________ rising steadily since 1997.
A. is B. are C. has been D. have been
答案:C
解析:本題考查現(xiàn)在完成進行時。句意“在中國上大學(xué)的外國留學(xué)生的數(shù)量自1997年以來穩(wěn)步上升”。由since 1997可知應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時,The number of………的數(shù)量,作主語時謂語動詞要用單數(shù),故選C。
12.(2007湖南) Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where she __________ English for a year.
A. studies B. studied?C. is studying D. has been studying
答案:D
解析:現(xiàn)在完成進行時表示動作從過去某一時間開始,一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,可能還要繼續(xù)下去。根據(jù)所提供的情景和時間狀語for a year可判斷出要用現(xiàn)在完成進行時,表示動作一直在延續(xù)著。
13.(2007江西) — I have got a headache.
— No wonder. You __________ in front of that computer too long.
A. work B. are working C. have been working D. worked
答案:C
解析:根據(jù)所提供的情景“when I set to work with the scientist”可判斷出,由于在電腦前連續(xù)工作而造成了頭痛,故選C。