To conclude today's lecture, we should say it is not the greenhouse effect itself that directly leads to global warming and hence the inevitable climate changes, but the human activities that have accelerated the natural process by creating more greenhouse gases. Then, we also discussed the possible consequences caused by excessive greenhouse effect which directly results in quick increase of the average global temperature. Subsequently, global warming will lead to significant climate and weather changes, which will in turn influence living beings' life in a long run. Finally, in order to lessen those long-term effects, a lot of people are now taking action to reduce greenhouse gas emission and slow global warming by various ways, such as reducing dependence on fossil fuels, increasing the use of renewable energy, expanding forests, etc.