difficulty, hardship

這兩個(gè)名詞都表示“困難”之意。

difficulty : 指需大量思考和技巧或努力才能克服的任何困難。

She has difficulty breathing.(她呼吸有困難。)

hardship : 側(cè)重指生活上令人難以承受的艱難困苦,如疾病、貧窮等磨難。

He was willing to face any hardship in fulfillment of his duty.(他愿意面對(duì)任何困難去履行他的職責(zé)。)

die, decease, expire, perish, pass away

這些動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞均有“死”或“死亡”之意。

die : 最普通用詞,指某人或某物失去生命而永遠(yuǎn)不存在。

He became very ill and then he died.(他病得很重, 接著就死了。)

decease : 正式用詞,多指法律上的用語(yǔ)。

Upon his decease the house will pass to his wife.(他死后房屋歸他太太所有。)

expire : 委婉用詞。從本義“從肺部吐出氣來(lái)”引申為吐出最后一口氣,斷氣而死。

He expired at midnight.(他在午夜死去。)

perish : 書(shū)面用詞,多指夭折或不幸暴亡。

Hundreds of sheep perished that year because of drought.(那年由于干旱, 幾百頭羊突然死去。)

pass away是die的委婉用語(yǔ)。

He passed away peacefully.(他安詳?shù)厝ナ懒?。?/p>

更多學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容請(qǐng)看:英語(yǔ)專四常見(jiàn)詞辨析系列>>>